Author: Atul Bhargava Publisher: Springer ISBN: 9811371199 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 247
Book Description
Plant breeding has played a significant role in the development of human civilizations. Conventional plant breeding has significantly improved crop yield by genetically manipulating agronomically important traits. However, it has often been criticized for ignoring indigenous germplasm, failing to address the needs of the marginal and the poor farmers, and emphasizing selection for broad instead of local adaptation. Participatory plant breeding (PPB) is the process by which the producers and other stakeholders are actively involved in a plant-breeding programme, with opportunities to make decisions throughout. The Working Group on Participatory Plant Breeding (PPBwg) was established in 1996 under the framework of the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR). Research in PPB can promote informed participation and trust in research among consumers and producers, and in recent years, PPB has had a significant impact on food production by quickly and cost-effectively producing improved crop varieties. At the same time, there has been significant research in the area. PPB offers significant advantages that are particularly relevant to developing countries where large investments in plant breeding have not led to increased production, especially in the marginal environments. In addition to the economic benefits, participatory research has a number of psychological, moral, and ethical benefits, which are the consequence of a progressive empowerment of the farming communities. PPB can empower groups such as women or less well-off farmers that are traditionally left out of the development process. This book explores the potential of PPB in the coming decades. The topic is more relevant since international breeding efforts for major crops are aimed at decentralizing local breeding methods to better incorporate the perspective of end users into the varietal development process. The first book incorporating the upcoming research on this novel breeding approach, it reviews the important tools and applications of PPB in an easy-to-read, succinct format, with illustrations to clarify these complex topics. It provides readers with a basic idea of participatory plant breeding as well as advances in the field and insights into the future to facilitate the successful integration of farmers into breeding programmes. This book is a valuable reference resource for agriculturists, agricultural advisers, policy makers, NGOs, post-doctoral students and scientists in agriculture, horticulture, forestry and botany.
Author: Nisha Singh Publisher: Frontiers Media SA ISBN: 2832541860 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 196
Book Description
Recent advances in next-generation sequencing-driven mass production of genomic data and various other integrated techniques have considerably broadened and deepened our understanding of living organisms' molecular systems. Because complex quantitative traits are difficult to select due to low heritability, conventional plant breeding relies on phenotypic selection and breeder experience, it takes longer to develop a new, improved variety. For association studies to identify DNA markers linked to these complex traits, genotyping chip arrays allow genotyping of thousands of markers in a short amount of time. Plant breeding consistency and predictability have improved thanks to advances in genomics. NGS technologies bring new tools and concepts that can enhance the precision and efficiency of plant breeding such as cost-effective, high throughput genotyping technologies for sustainable agriculture. These genotyping technologies will be lowering the time and cost of developing high-quality food crops that are stress-resistant while still having a high nutritional value. This Research Topic focuses on recent advancements in NGS-related technologies, mainly the development of cost-effective high-throughput genotyping platforms with a wide range of bioinformatics tools, and possible translational multi-omics applications in crop breeding programs for sustainable agriculture.
Author: Jameel M. Al-Khayri Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3030669653 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 559
Book Description
This book examines the development of innovative modern methodologies towards augmenting conventional plant breeding, in individual crops, for the production of new crop varieties under the increasingly limiting environmental and cultivation factors to achieve sustainable agricultural production, enhanced food security, in addition to providing raw materials for innovative industrial products and pharmaceuticals. This Volume 8, subtitled Vegetable Crops: Bulbs, Roots and Tubers, consists of 12 chapters focusing on advances in breeding strategies using both traditional and modern approaches for the improvement of individual vegetable crops. Chapters are arranged in 3 parts according to the edible vegetable parts. Part I: Bulbs - Garlic (Allium sativum L.), Leek (Allium ampeloprasum L.) and Shallot (Allium cepa L. Aggregatum group); Part II: Roots - Beetroot (Beta vulgaris ssp. vulgaris var. conditiva Alefeld), Carrot (Daucus carota L.), Parsnip (Pastinaca sativa L.), Radish (Raphanus sativus L.), Sugar beet (Beta vulgaris ssp. vulgaris L.) and Turnip (Brassica rapa var. rapa L.), Part III: Tubers - Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) and Sweet potato (Ipomea batatas L.). The chapters were contributed by 38 internationally reputable scientists from 13 countries. Each chapter comprehensively reviews the modern literature on the subject and reflects the authors own experience.
Author: Krishna Kant Mishra Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1000878341 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 220
Book Description
This book summarizes nanotechnology-based agricultural research for crop productivity and the management of various plant pathogens. It deals with the application of nano-molecules for quick, cost-effective, and precise plant disease diagnostic procedures, plant pests and disease management, nano-pesticides, and nano-diagnostics. Further, it explains nanomaterials for biotic stress management, with an insight into the synthesis and modification of nanomaterials and their potential applications in different domains for disease management. Features include: Compilation of current research on the Nanomaterials as well as their versatile applications in plant biotic stress management Description of the role of nanomaterials as enzyme-mimicking nanoparticles, nano-pesticides, nano-fertilizers, and nanomaterials Review of day-to-day problems related to crop plants, their diagnostics, and stress management Exploration of trends in nanomaterial utility in diagnostics, enzyme-mimicking, and crop protection, and their possible role in plant disease management Study of pertinent nanomaterials including synthetic strategies, properties, chemistry, and applications This book is aimed at researchers and graduate students in plant pathology, genetic engineering, environmental science, botany, bioengineering, and nanotechnology.
Author: Kaijun Zhao Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 9811906009 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 447
Book Description
This book compiles the relevant information related to genome editing tools and their roles in crop improvement. The book contains a brief introduction about various genome editing tools and their application in major crops. It discusses the genome editing approaches and the strategies used for genome editing in different crops. Some of the chapters cover the detailed methodology of sgRNA design, vector construction and transformation in different crops followed by data analysis. A few chapters focus on the applications of genome editing tools towards crop improvement. This book will be of particular interest to plant biologists working in the field of genome editing and crop breeders. It will provide valuable information and useful material for our readers’ experimental work.
Author: Kamel A Abd-Elsalam Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0128219114 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 842
Book Description
Plants are vulnerable to pathogens including fungi, bacteria, and viruses, which cause critical problems and deficits. Crop protection by plant breeding delivers a promising solution with no obvious effect on human health or the local ecosystem. Crop improvement has been the most powerful approach for producing unique crop cultivars since domestication occurred, making possible the main innovations in feeding the globe and community development. Genome editing is one of the genetic devices that can be implemented, and disease resistance is frequently cited as the most encouraging application of CRISPR/Cas9 technology in agriculture. Nanobiotechnology has harnessed the power of genome editing to develop agricultural crops. Nanosized DNA or RNA nanotechnology approaches could contribute to raising the stability and performance of CRISPR guide RNAs. This book brings together the latest research in these areas. CRISPR and RNAi Systems: Nanobiotechnology Approaches to Plant Breeding and Protection presents a complete understanding of the RNAi and CRISPR/Cas9 techniques for controlling mycotoxins, fighting plant nematodes, and detecting plant pathogens. CRISPR/Cas genome editing enables efficient targeted modification in most crops, thus promising to accelerate crop improvement. CRISPR/Cas9 can be used for management of plant insects, and various plant pathogens. The book is an important reference source for both plant scientists and environmental scientists who want to understand how nano biotechnologically based approaches are being used to create more efficient plant protection and plant breeding systems. Shows how nanotechnology is being used as the basis for new solutions for more efficient plant breeding and plant protection Outlines the major techniques and applications of both CRISPR and RNAi technologies Assesses the major challenges of escalating these technologies on a mass scale
Author: Simon E. Bull Publisher: Frontiers Media SA ISBN: 2832543111 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 341
Book Description
Orphan crops play an important role in food and nutrition security especially in growing economies where small-holder farmers produce the majority of food. Despite their importance in global agriculture and their often remarkable nutrient content and adaptation to challenging environmental conditions, orphan crops have received limited attention by the scientific community and industry. However, the diversity of neglected plant species provides a large genetic resource that could significantly contribute to broadening the biodiversity of trait-desired crops for novel value chains, sustainable development and food security. The uptake of new plant breeding techniques, notably genome editing, as well as ‘omic’ tools, are now accelerating translation of basic research and facilitating the exploration of orphan crops. These advancements also give rise to public and politic engagement discussions to maximize socio-economic impact. Given that the greatest need for food and nutritional security is in growing economies, issues of food sovereignty and sustainability of their food systems become front-and-centre. There is now an exceptional opportunity to tackle some of the major current challenges in agriculture, including climate change, sustainable cropping systems, food quality, and nutritional security through broadening research in wild relatives of crops and on orphan species. This Research Topic seeks to showcase research on neglected plants using advanced molecular technologies (e.g. genome sequencing, 'omics', etc) and new plant breeding approaches, methods, and tools. This Research Topic will also discuss the challenges and opportunities arising when modern breeding techniques are applied for translational research.
Author: Mansour Ghorbanpour Publisher: Academic Press ISBN: 0323910106 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 570
Book Description
Nano-Enabled Agrochemicals in Agriculture presents a targeted overview of the safe implementation of nanotechnologies within agricultural and horticultural settings, with the purpose of achieving enhanced production while maintaining ecological integrity. The growing global request for agricultural crops and products requires high standards of quality and safety, which has stimulated the search for new technologies that preserve their quality and delay their decomposition. Nanotechnology may boost plant production by improving nutrient uptake/use efficiency with nanoformulations of fertilizers and agrochemicals for plant enhancement, detection and treatment of diseases, and host-parasite interactions at the molecular level using nanosensors. It also may improve plant disease diagnostics, removal of contaminants from soil and water, postharvest management of vegetables and flowers, and reclamation of salt-affected soils. Although the markets for nanoproducts and nanoformulations continue to increase, there are also growing concerns regarding the fate and behavior of nanomaterials in environmental systems. Exploring important topics related to nanotechnology and nanomaterials, the book includes the use of nanochemicals in insect pest management, as nanofungicides, nanoherbicides, micronutrient supply, and nanosensors to monitor crop and soil health conditions, from detection of agrochemicals to their slow release of agrochemicals, and their impact on related environs. This book will serve as an excellent resource for a wide range of plant scientists who have concerns about nanomaterial interactions with terrestrial and aquatic plants. Focuses on emerging important topics related to nanotechnology and nanomaterials on agricultural systems Emphasizes new applications of nanomaterials in the agricultural sciences, from fertilizers to irrigation systems Addresses concerns about nanomaterial interactions with terrestrial and aquatic plants
Author: Atul Bhargava
Author: Anja Christinck
Author: Cathy Rozel Farnworth, Janice Jiggins
Author: Nisha Singh
Author: Jameel M. Al-Khayri
Author: Krishna Kant Mishra
Author: Kaijun Zhao
Author: Kamel A Abd-Elsalam
Author: Simon E. Bull
Author: Mansour Ghorbanpour