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Principles for the Assessment of Risks to Human Health from Exposure to Chemicals

Principles for the Assessment of Risks to Human Health from Exposure to Chemicals PDF Author: United Nations Environment Programme
Publisher: Environmental Health Criteria
ISBN: 9789241572101
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 0

Book Description
A state-of-the-art review of methods and procedures for assessing the risks to human health posed by environmental chemicals. Addressed to regulatory authorities, risk managers and other decision-makers, the book aims to demystify the principles of risk assessment and thus encourage wider use of this powerful tool for protecting populations. Since the detection of chemical hazards may have socioeconomic and political consequences, the book gives particular attention to methods for the accurate identification of risks and determination of their severity. The book has four chapters covering each logical step in the process of risk assessment. The first, on hazard identification, explains how data on a chemical's toxicity and mode of action can be used to determine whether the chemical will cause adverse effects on health. The strengths and limitations of different types of data are discussed together with criteria commonly used to establish causality. Methods for assessing dose-response relationships are reviewed in chapter two, which explains how to characterize the relationship between the dose administered or received and the incidence of an adverse effect. Exposure assessment is covered in the next chapter, which describes methods for determining the nature and extent of contact with chemical substances and discusses the characteristics of exposure in the general environment, in the workplace, and from consumer products. The final chapter explains the procedure of risk characterization as a decision-making tool that brings together estimates of exposure levels and risks and summarizes sources of uncertainty in the scientific data. Practical options for risk management are presented as a range of regulatory, non-regulatory, economic, and technological measures.

Principles for the Assessment of Risks to Human Health from Exposure to Chemicals

Principles for the Assessment of Risks to Human Health from Exposure to Chemicals PDF Author: United Nations Environment Programme
Publisher: Environmental Health Criteria
ISBN: 9789241572101
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 0

Book Description
A state-of-the-art review of methods and procedures for assessing the risks to human health posed by environmental chemicals. Addressed to regulatory authorities, risk managers and other decision-makers, the book aims to demystify the principles of risk assessment and thus encourage wider use of this powerful tool for protecting populations. Since the detection of chemical hazards may have socioeconomic and political consequences, the book gives particular attention to methods for the accurate identification of risks and determination of their severity. The book has four chapters covering each logical step in the process of risk assessment. The first, on hazard identification, explains how data on a chemical's toxicity and mode of action can be used to determine whether the chemical will cause adverse effects on health. The strengths and limitations of different types of data are discussed together with criteria commonly used to establish causality. Methods for assessing dose-response relationships are reviewed in chapter two, which explains how to characterize the relationship between the dose administered or received and the incidence of an adverse effect. Exposure assessment is covered in the next chapter, which describes methods for determining the nature and extent of contact with chemical substances and discusses the characteristics of exposure in the general environment, in the workplace, and from consumer products. The final chapter explains the procedure of risk characterization as a decision-making tool that brings together estimates of exposure levels and risks and summarizes sources of uncertainty in the scientific data. Practical options for risk management are presented as a range of regulatory, non-regulatory, economic, and technological measures.

Introduction to Chemical Exposure and Risk Assessment

Introduction to Chemical Exposure and Risk Assessment PDF Author: W.Brock Neely
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 042960565X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 208

Book Description
Introduction to Chemical Exposure and Risk Assessment focuses on the principles involved in assessing the risks from chemical exposure. These principles include the perception of risk, an understanding of how numbers are handled, and how chemicals affect health. The book briefly describes the major sinks, such as water and air, where chemicals are introduced. This is followed by a discussion on how concentrations are estimated and risk assessments are made. A discussion of risk benefit analysis and a presentation of several case studies using the principles for assessing risks are also included.

Introduction to Chemical Exposure and Risk Assessment

Introduction to Chemical Exposure and Risk Assessment PDF Author: Wesley Brock Neely
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780138750152
Category : TECHNOLOGY
Languages : en
Pages : 208

Book Description
Introduction to Chemical Exposure and Risk Assessment focuses on the principles involved in assessing the risks from chemical exposure. These principles include the perception of risk, an understanding of how numbers are handled, and how chemicals affect health. The book briefly describes the major sinks, such as water and air, where chemicals are introduced. This is followed by a discussion on how concentrations are estimated and risk assessments are made. A discussion of risk benefit analysis and a presentation of several case studies using the principles for assessing risks are also included.

Principles for Modelling Dose-response for the Risk Assessment of Chemicals

Principles for Modelling Dose-response for the Risk Assessment of Chemicals PDF Author: World Health Organization
Publisher: World Health Organization
ISBN: 9241572396
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 164

Book Description
"Published under the joint sponsorship of the United Nations Environment Programme, the International Labour Organisation and the World Health Organization, and produced within the framework of the Inter-Organization Programme for the Sound Management of Chemicals."

Principles for Evaluating Health Risks in Children Associated with Exposure to Chemicals

Principles for Evaluating Health Risks in Children Associated with Exposure to Chemicals PDF Author: Germaine Buck Louis
Publisher: World Health Organization
ISBN: 924157237X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 352

Book Description
Conclusions, and recommendations -- Introduction and background -- Unique biological characteristics of children -- Developmental stage-specific susceptibilities and outcomes in children -- Exposure assessment of children -- Methodologies to assess health outcomes in children -- Implications and strategies for risk assessment for children.

WHO human health risk assessment toolkit

WHO human health risk assessment toolkit PDF Author: World Health Organization
Publisher: World Health Organization
ISBN: 9240035729
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 132

Book Description


Public Health Risk Assessment for Human Exposure to Chemicals

Public Health Risk Assessment for Human Exposure to Chemicals PDF Author: K. Asante-Duah
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1402009216
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 372

Book Description
In fact, with the control and containment of most infectious conditions and diseases of the past millennium having been achieved in most developed countries, and with the resultant increase in life expectancies, much more attention seems to have shifted to degenerative health problems. Many of the degenerative health conditions have been linked to thousands of chemicals regularly encountered in human living and occupational/work environments. It is important, therefore, that human health risk assessments are undertaken on a consistent basis - in order to determine the potential impacts of the target chemicals on public health.

A Practical Guide to Toxicology and Human Health Risk Assessment

A Practical Guide to Toxicology and Human Health Risk Assessment PDF Author: Laura Robinson
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118881907
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 400

Book Description
Toxicology – the study of the adverse effects of chemicals on living organisms is the cornerstone to all aspects of chemical safety and knowledge of the subject is needed in a wide spectrum of fields from the chemical industry to medicine, emergency services, forensics, and regulatory science. Toxicology involves the study of symptoms, mechanisms, treatments and detection of poisoning ... especially the poisoning of people. The many problems arising from a poor understanding of toxicology and its applications in hazard communication and chemical safety motivated the author’s training courses and webinars, leading to this valuable book. Providing a practical and accessible guide, A Practical Guide to Toxicology and Human Health Risk Assessment enables readers to quickly build up knowledge and understanding of toxicology and its use in hazard identification, which is a fundamental part of chemical risk assessment. The book also covers current toxicological testing strategies and the use of physicochemical test data in hazard identification and exposure assessment. Examples are provided throughout the book to highlight important issues along with a summary of the key points that have been covered in each of the respective chapters. The book concludes with a listing of online resources on toxicology and risk assessment.

Toxicology and Risk Assessment

Toxicology and Risk Assessment PDF Author: Helmut Greim
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119135915
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 838

Book Description
Provides a complete understanding of how our bodies respond to toxicants, and the principles used to assess the health risks of specific exposure scenarios Toxicology and Risk Assessment: A Comprehensive Introduction, Second Edition reflects recent advances in science and technology, and provides the scientific background and methodological issues to enable the reader to understand the basic principles in toxicology and to evaluate the health risks of specific exposure scenarios. Completely updated with the latest information, this book offers a concise introduction to the subject. It is divided into five sections: Principles in Toxicology, Organ Toxicology, Methods in Toxicology, Regulatory Toxicology, and Specific Toxicity. The 2nd Edition adds new chapters that cover recent scientific and technological advances and current topics including the endocrine system, alternatives to animal testing, risk assessment and thresholds for carcinogens, European and international regulation, nanomaterials, fuels, fragrances, and agrochemicals. Concentrates on the basic concepts of toxicology and provides sufficient information for the reader to become familiar with them in order to understand the principles and to evaluate the risks at given exposures 30% new chapters cover recent scientific and technological advances including alternatives to animal testing; genotoxic carcinogens; REACH regulations; nanomaterials; fuels; fragrances; PAHs; and agrochemicals Written by a team of international specialists, and edited by two outstanding scientists in the field Fully updated and expanded, Toxicology and Risk Assessment: A Comprehensive Introduction, Second Edition is an essential text for any student or researcher with an interest in toxicology and related risk assessments.

Toxicological Risk Assessment of Chemicals

Toxicological Risk Assessment of Chemicals PDF Author: Elsa Nielsen
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1420006940
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 448

Book Description
Unlike many existing books on toxicology that cover either toxicity of a particular substance or toxicity of chemicals on particular organ systems, Toxicological Risk Assessment of Chemicals: A Practical Guide lays out the principle activities of conducting a toxicological risk assessment, including international approaches and methods for the risk