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Author: Igor Štiks Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
The present study looks at the relationship between nations and citizenship in socialist Yugoslavia and in its successor states from 1945 to the present. In the first chapter I try to answer the question of why Yugoslavia was re-unified as a socialist multinational federation in 1945 and I examine history of the Marxist debates on the national question and history of Yugoslavism as the ideology of South Slavic unity. In the second chapter I describe the evolution of the Yugoslav federal system and how progressive decentralization resulted in significant changes in Yugoslav citizenship that was legally and politically bifurcated into the federal and republican citizenships. In the following chapter, I demonstrate that the duality of Yugoslav citizenship, and the confederal structure of Yugoslavia critically influenced Yugoslavia's democratization in 1990. I also introduce the rarely analyzed citizenship factor into the debates on Yugoslavia's disintegration. In the fourth chapter I demonstrate that almost all Yugoslavia's successor states used their founding documents, namely their constitutions and citizenship laws, as an effective tool of, as I call it, ethnic engineering. In the last chapter, I analyze the EU's enlargement policies in the Western Balkans and I try to examine if and how they challenge the still dominant ethnocentric conception of citizenship
Author: Jo Shaw Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1317967070 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 158
Book Description
This book is the first comprehensive examination of the citizenship regimes of the new states that emerged out of the break up of Yugoslavia. It covers both the states that emerged out of the initial disintegration across 1991 and 1992 (Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia-Herzegovina, the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and Macedonia), as well as those that have been formed recently through subsequent partitions (Serbia, Montenegro and Kosovo). While citizenship has often been used as a tool of ethnic engineering to reinforce the position of the titular majority in many states, in other cases citizenship laws and practices have been liberalised as part of a wider political settlement intended to include minority communities more effectively in the political process. Meanwhile, frequent (re)definitions of these increasingly overlapping regimes still provoke conflicts among post-Yugoslav states. This volume shows how important it is for the field of citizenship studies to take into account the main changes in and varieties of citizenship regimes in the post-Yugoslav states, as a particular case of new state citizenship. At the same time, it seeks to show scholars of (post) Yugoslavia and the wider Balkans that the Yugoslav crisis, disintegration and wars as well as the current functioning of the new and old Balkan states, together with the process of their integration into the EU, cannot be fully understood without a deeper understanding of their citizenship regimes. This book was originally published as a special issue of Citizenship Studies.
Author: Luis Cabrera Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 1139492543 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
In this novel account of global citizenship, Luis Cabrera argues that all individuals have a global duty to contribute directly to human rights protections and to promote rights-enhancing political integration between states. The Practice of Global Citizenship blends careful moral argument with compelling narratives from field research among unauthorized immigrants, activists seeking to protect their rights, and the 'Minuteman' activists striving to keep them out. Immigrant-rights activists, especially those conducting humanitarian patrols for border-crossers stranded in the brutal Arizona desert, are shown as embodying aspects of global citizenship. Unauthorized immigrants themselves are shown to be enacting a form of global 'civil' disobedience, claiming the economic rights central to the emerging global normative charter while challenging the restrictive membership regimes that are the norm in the current global system. Cabrera also examines the European Union, seeing it as a crucial laboratory for studying the challenges inherent in expanding citizen membership.
Author: Igor Štiks Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
The present study looks at the relationship between nations and citizenship in socialist Yugoslavia and in its successor states from 1945 to the present. In the first chapter I try to answer the question of why Yugoslavia was re-unified as a socialist multinational federation in 1945 and I examine history of the Marxist debates on the national question and history of Yugoslavism as the ideology of South Slavic unity. In the second chapter I describe the evolution of the Yugoslav federal system and how progressive decentralization resulted in significant changes in Yugoslav citizenship that was legally and politically bifurcated into the federal and republican citizenships. In the following chapter, I demonstrate that the duality of Yugoslav citizenship, and the confederal structure of Yugoslavia critically influenced Yugoslavia's democratization in 1990. I also introduce the rarely analyzed citizenship factor into the debates on Yugoslavia's disintegration. In the fourth chapter I demonstrate that almost all Yugoslavia's successor states used their founding documents, namely their constitutions and citizenship laws, as an effective tool of, as I call it, ethnic engineering. In the last chapter, I analyze the EU's enlargement policies in the Western Balkans and I try to examine if and how they challenge the still dominant ethnocentric conception of citizenship
Author: Katrin Vohland Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3030582787 Category : Communication Languages : en Pages : 520
Book Description
This open access book discusses how the involvement of citizens into scientific endeavors is expected to contribute to solve the big challenges of our time, such as climate change and the loss of biodiversity, growing inequalities within and between societies, and the sustainability turn. The field of citizen science has been growing in recent decades. Many different stakeholders from scientists to citizens and from policy makers to environmental organisations have been involved in its practice. In addition, many scientists also study citizen science as a research approach and as a way for science and society to interact and collaborate. This book provides a representation of the practices as well as scientific and societal outcomes in different disciplines. It reflects the contribution of citizen science to societal development, education, or innovation and provides and overview of the field of actors as well as on tools and guidelines. It serves as an introduction for anyone who wants to get involved in and learn more about the science of citizen science.
Author: Ian McGonigle Publisher: MIT Press ISBN: 0262542943 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 221
Book Description
An anthropological study based on ethnographic work in Israel and Qatar explores the relationship between science, particularly genetics, and national identity. Based on ethnographic work in Israel and Qatar, two small Middle Eastern ethnonations with significant biomedical resources, Genomic Citizenship explores the relationship between science and identity. Ian McGonigle, originally trained as a biochemist, draws on anthropological theory, STS, intellectual history, critical theory, Middle Eastern studies, cultural studies, and critical legal studies. He connects biomedical research on ethnic populations to the political, economic, legal, and historical context of the state; to global trends in genetic medicine; and to the politics of identity in the context of global biomedical research. Genomic Citizenship is more an anthropology of scientific objects than an anthropology of scientists or an ethnography of the laboratory. McGonigle bases his untraditional project on traditional anthropological methods, including participant observation. Some of the most persuasive data in the book are from public records, legal and historical sources, published scientific papers, institutional reports, websites, and brochures. McGonigle discusses biological understandings of Jewishness, especially in relation to the intellectual history of Zionism and Jewish political thought, and considers the possibility of a novel application of genetics in assigning Israeli citizenship. He also describes developments in genetic medicine in Qatar and analyzes the Qatari Biobank in the context of Qatari nationalism and state-building projects. Considering possible consequences of findings on the diverse origins of the Qatari population for tribal identities, he argues that the nation cannot be defined as either a purely natural or biological entity. Rather, it is reified, reinscribed, and refracted through genomic research and discourse.
Author: Jose A. Pineda-Alfonso Publisher: Information Science Reference ISBN: 9781522571124 Category : Education Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Active participation in processes of change are an essential aspect of community participation, and proper recognition of opportunities for participation facilitate community engagement nationally and internationally. Education and its relation to citizenship in recent years has become one of the most important fields of research. From different areas and contexts, it has been revealed that there is a prevailing need for education for citizens to take part actively in the processes of change and improvement that the current global situation requires. The Handbook of Research on Education for Participative Citizenship and Global Prosperity is a pivotal reference source focusing on the productions and fields of study that are carried out all over the world on education for citizenship, namely the devices that provide young people with the consciousness and highlight the aspects of an active democratic life. While highlighting topics such as citizenship identity, educational policy, and social justice, this publication explores participation instruction, as well as the methods of community involvement. This book is ideally designed for educational administrators, policymakers, researchers, professionals, and educators seeking current research on instructional methods for teaching active community and political involvement.
Author: Janis L. Dickinson Publisher: Cornell University Press ISBN: 0801464420 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 299
Book Description
Citizen science enlists members of the public to make and record useful observations, such as counting birds in their backyards, watching for the first budding leaf in spring, or measuring local snowfall. The large numbers of volunteers who participate in projects such as Project FeederWatch or Project BudBurst collect valuable research data, which, when pooled together, create an enormous body of scientific data on a vast geographic scale. In return, such projects aim to increase participants' connections to science, place, and nature, while supporting science literacy and environmental stewardship. In Citizen Science, experts from a variety of disciplines—including scientists and education specialists working at the Cornell Lab of Ornithology, where many large citizen science programs use birds as proxies for biodiversity—share their experiences of creating and implementing successful citizen science projects, primarily those that use massive data sets gathered by citizen scientists to better understand the impact of environmental change. This first and foundational book for this developing field of inquiry addresses basic aspects of how to conduct citizen science projects, including goal-setting, program design, and evaluation, as well as the nuances of creating a robust digital infrastructure and recruiting a large participant base through communications and marketing. An overview of the types of research approaches and techniques demonstrates how to make use of large data sets arising from citizen science projects. A final section focuses on citizen science's impacts and its broad connections to understanding the human dimensions and educational aspects of participation. Citizen Science teaches teams of program developers and researchers how to cross the bridge from success at public engagement to using citizen science data to understand patterns and trends or to test hypotheses about how ecological processes respond to change at large geographic scales. Intended as a resource for a broad audience of experts and practitioners in natural sciences, information science, and social sciences, this book can be used to better understand how to improve existing programs, develop new ones, and make better use of the data resources that have accumulated from citizen science efforts. Its focus on harnessing the impact of "crowdsourcing" for scientific and educational endeavors is applicable to a wide range of fields, especially those that touch on the importance of massive collaboration aimed at understanding and conserving what we can of the natural world.
Author: Lilly Irani Publisher: Princeton University Press ISBN: 0691175144 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 304
Book Description
A vivid look at how India has developed the idea of entrepreneurial citizens as leaders mobilizing society and how people try to live that promise Can entrepreneurs develop a nation, serve the poor, and pursue creative freedom, all while generating economic value? In Chasing Innovation, Lilly Irani shows the contradictions that arise as designers, engineers, and businesspeople frame development and governance as opportunities to innovate. Irani documents the rise of "entrepreneurial citizenship" in India over the past seventy years, demonstrating how a global ethos of development through design has come to shape state policy, economic investment, and the middle class in one of the world’s fastest-growing nations. Drawing on her own professional experience as a Silicon Valley designer and nearly a decade of fieldwork following a Delhi design studio, Irani vividly chronicles the practices and mindsets that hold up professional design as the answer to the challenges of a country of more than one billion people, most of whom are poor. While discussions of entrepreneurial citizenship promise that Indian children can grow up to lead a nation aspiring to uplift the poor, in reality, social, economic, and political structures constrain whose enterprise, which hopes, and which needs can be seen as worthy of investment. In the process, Irani warns, powerful investors, philanthropies, and companies exploit citizens' social relations, empathy, and political hope in the quest to generate economic value. Irani argues that the move to recast social change as innovation, with innovators as heroes, frames others—craftspeople, workers, and activists—as of lower value, or even dangers to entrepreneurial forms of development. With meticulous historical context and compelling stories, Chasing Innovation lays bare how long-standing power hierarchies such as class, caste, language, and colonialism continue to shape opportunity in a world where good ideas supposedly rule all.
Author: B. Googins Publisher: Springer ISBN: 0230609988 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 280
Book Description
The authors have conducted extensive research into the role of business in public life. This book takes a practice-oriented look at corporate citizenship, and uses real, behind the scenes examples from well-known companies to show that for many firms social responsibility is becoming more integrated into corporate strategy.
Author: Igor Štiks
Author: Jo Shaw
Author: Luis Cabrera
Author: Igor Štiks
Author: Katrin Vohland
Author: 
Author: Ian McGonigle
Author: Jose A. Pineda-Alfonso
Author: Janis L. Dickinson
Author: Lilly Irani
Author: B. Googins