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Author: Maurizio Bussolo Publisher: World Bank Publications ISBN: 1464803544 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 360
Book Description
Societies across Europe and Central Asia are aging, but people are not necessarily living longer. This demographic trend-caused by a decrease in fertility rather than improved longevity-presents both challenges and opportunities for governments, the private sector, and individuals alike. Some of the challenges are well known. Output per capita becomes smaller if it is shared with an increasingly larger group of dependent older people. At a certain point, there may not be sufficient resources to maintain the living standards of this older group, especially if rising expenditures on health care, long-term care, and pensions must be financed through the contributions and taxes paid by ever-smaller younger age groups. Working adults also contribute the most to the pool of savings. As the size of this group shrinks, savings will decline. But these challenges can be transformed into opportunities. Consider these examples: As longevity increases, workers tend to stay in the workforce longer, and, with the right incentives, they will increase their savings. Many current workers, and perhaps even more in the future, will thus not necessarily become dependent once they turn 65. And with slower population growth and smaller young age groups, societies will have an opportunity to improve the quality of education and maintain productivity. Firms in some countries are already adapting by capitalizing on skills that appreciate with age. Cardiovascular diseases account for more than half the difference in life expectancy (above age 50) between the region and Western Europe for men and 75 percent of the corresponding difference for women. Healthier behavior and health systems focused on preventive care could, with no cost increase, dramatically reduce this risk. These opportunities are not to be missed. As populations age, public discourse ranges from concerns about economic decline and fiscal sustainability of pensions and health systems to optimism about opportunities for healthier and more productive aging. The main contribution of Golden Aging is perhaps to show that demography and its consequences are not fixed. Much will depend on how people, firms, and societies adapt and how policy makers and institutions facilitate their behavioral adjustments. The future for Europe and Central Asia does not have to be gray-it can be a golden era of healthy, active, and prosperous aging.
Author: Maurizio Bussolo Publisher: World Bank Publications ISBN: 1464803544 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 360
Book Description
Societies across Europe and Central Asia are aging, but people are not necessarily living longer. This demographic trend-caused by a decrease in fertility rather than improved longevity-presents both challenges and opportunities for governments, the private sector, and individuals alike. Some of the challenges are well known. Output per capita becomes smaller if it is shared with an increasingly larger group of dependent older people. At a certain point, there may not be sufficient resources to maintain the living standards of this older group, especially if rising expenditures on health care, long-term care, and pensions must be financed through the contributions and taxes paid by ever-smaller younger age groups. Working adults also contribute the most to the pool of savings. As the size of this group shrinks, savings will decline. But these challenges can be transformed into opportunities. Consider these examples: As longevity increases, workers tend to stay in the workforce longer, and, with the right incentives, they will increase their savings. Many current workers, and perhaps even more in the future, will thus not necessarily become dependent once they turn 65. And with slower population growth and smaller young age groups, societies will have an opportunity to improve the quality of education and maintain productivity. Firms in some countries are already adapting by capitalizing on skills that appreciate with age. Cardiovascular diseases account for more than half the difference in life expectancy (above age 50) between the region and Western Europe for men and 75 percent of the corresponding difference for women. Healthier behavior and health systems focused on preventive care could, with no cost increase, dramatically reduce this risk. These opportunities are not to be missed. As populations age, public discourse ranges from concerns about economic decline and fiscal sustainability of pensions and health systems to optimism about opportunities for healthier and more productive aging. The main contribution of Golden Aging is perhaps to show that demography and its consequences are not fixed. Much will depend on how people, firms, and societies adapt and how policy makers and institutions facilitate their behavioral adjustments. The future for Europe and Central Asia does not have to be gray-it can be a golden era of healthy, active, and prosperous aging.
Author: Dragana Avramov Publisher: Council of Europe ISBN: 9287152403 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 152
Book Description
Los cambios demográficos en Europa con el aumento de la población anciana y la disminución de la población joven y trabajadora suponen un cambio en las políticas sociales fomentando un uso del tiempo libre en las personas mayores más participativo.
Author: Richard Hugman Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing ISBN: 1349235245 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 208
Book Description
As the population of all European countries ages rapidly, understanding the phenomenon of ageing and social responses to old age has become a vital contemporary issue. The diverse ways in which old age is seen across Europe are compared and different forms of care for the needs of older people are examined. With the demise of large institutions, and increasing demands on families and on domiciliary care, the question of inter-generational relations is seen as a key element in the future of old age. It is argued that much is to be learned from cross-national comparisons in developing social responses to old age.
Author: J. J. F. Schroots Publisher: IOS Press ISBN: 9789051993820 Category : Health & Fitness Languages : en Pages : 208
Book Description
Human aging is perhaps the most complex and important subject that will be facing science and societies in the next century. Persons seem to be living longer and remaining more active than their parents and grandparents. This is leading to social and demographic shifts that must be accommodated by society. On the other hand it presents perplexing questions about the underlying processes and determinants of healthy aging. This book gives a design for research that will increase our understanding of the factors that influence healthy aging and can lead to improvements in reducing the levels of disability in the population. It's focus is on biobehavioural and psychological factors contributing to healthy aging. Since human aging is determined by many interacting conditions inside and outside of the organism, research should concentrate on ecological relationships between the human organism and its social and physical environment. Not only individual characteristics associated with aging are discussed in this book, but also their impacts on society. Living longer means most persons will have fewer years to earn money to maintain their lives in a longer retirement. How can these two forces be resolved through public policy? At the same time greater competence in the later years needs clues to ways of releasing this productivity for the benefit of society and individuals. Adding healthy life expectancy and creating as much as possible disability-free years is a goal that can only be reached through fact finding by a multidisciplinary team of scientist collaborating on an international basis. Such a team is present in the collaborators represented in this book. The information presented in 'Aging in Europe' has not been available in any single source before. In many ways this book provides a model of gaining knowledge through cooperation that should guide us in the next century and beyond.
Author: Kathrin Komp Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9400761341 Category : Family & Relationships Languages : en Pages : 141
Book Description
Europe currently is the oldest continent in the world and its population is still ageing. This demographic shift affects society, economy, and welfare states. Scholars from various disciplines and the public noted this development and wonder what effects it may have, but lack adequate information. They call for explanations that are concise and easily accessible. The book at hand fills this lacuna. It introduces readers to the most important developments, theories, concepts, and discussions in ageing studies – always keeping an eye on the current situation in Europe. Each chapter adopts the perspective of a different discipline, e.g. public health, sociology, economics, or technology. To make the explanations easy to understand, the book includes learning tools such as learning objectives, multiple choice questions, and a glossary.
Author: Alan Walker Publisher: ISBN: Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 252
Book Description
This collection of essays by leading authorities examines the new politics of old age from the perspectives of individual countries and the European Union as a whole.
Author: Constantinos Phellas Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1441983449 Category : Family & Relationships Languages : en Pages : 304
Book Description
Between longer life expectancies and declining birth rates, Europe’s elder population is growing into a sizable minority with considerable impact on nations, health systems, and economies—in other words, global implications as well as local and regional ones. Those investing in the health of older adults need a double perspective: the social and clinical complexity of aging and the larger forces shaping these experiences. Aging in European Societies examines aging trends across the continent, analyzing individual and collective variables that affect the lives of older adults, and drawing salient comparisons with other parts of the world. An interdisciplinary panel of experts provides theory, research, and empirical findings (with examples from the UK, Cyprus, Sweden, and others) in key areas such as family and social supports, physical and cognitive changes, dependence and autonomy issues, and living arrangements. The book’s wide-net approach offers insights into not only aging, but aging well. And of particular importance, it details approaches to defining and measuring the elusive but crucial concept, quality of life. Included in the coverage: The potential for technology to improve elders’ quality of life. Dementia and quality of life issues. Changes in functional ability with aging and over time. Family networks and supports in older age. Factors influencing inequalities in quality of life. Late-life learning in the E.U. Gerontologists, sociologists, health and cross-cultural psychologists, and public health policymakers will welcome Aging in European Societies as a springboard toward continued discussion, new directions for research, and improvements in policy and practice.
Author: Lans Bovenberg Publisher: Springer ISBN: 0230307345 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 400
Book Description
Providing an overview of the future research challenges for economists and social scientists concerning population ageing, pensions, health and social care in Europe, this book examines how scientific research can provide cutting-edge evidence on income security and well-being of the elderly, and labour markets and older workers.
Author: Maarten Gehem Publisher: The Hague Centre for Strategic Studies ISBN: 9491040820 Category : Languages : en Pages : 72
Book Description
The Hague Centre for Strategic Studies (HCSS) is very pleased to present the latest study Shades of Graying.The study looks at how research can meet aging-related challenges for Europe. It also includes a GeoRisQ Monitor, which shows the rate at which countries are aging, and detailed projections on the impact of graying on public expenditure.
Author: Maurizio Bussolo
Author: Maurizio Bussolo
Author: Dragana Avramov
Author: Richard Hugman
Author: J. J. F. Schroots
Author: Alan Walker
Author: Kathrin Komp
Author: Alan Walker
Author: Constantinos Phellas
Author: Lans Bovenberg
Author: Maarten Gehem