ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY FOR HIV INFECTION IN INFANTS AND CHILDREN: TOWARDS UNIVERSAL ACCESS: Recommendations for a Public Health Approach PDF Download

Author: World Health Organization
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0

View

Book Description

Author: OMS.
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789241594691
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 144

View

Book Description

Author: World Health Organization
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789241549684
Category : AIDS (Disease)
Languages : en
Pages : 429

View

Book Description
These guidelines provide guidance on the diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, the use of antiretroviral (ARV) drugs for treating and preventing HIV infection and the care of people living with HIV. They are structured along the continuum of HIV testing, prevention, treatment and care. This edition updates the 2013 consolidated guidelines on the use of antiretroviral drugs following an extensive review of evidence and consultations in mid-2015, shared at the end of 2015, and now published in full in 2016. It is being published in a changing global context for HIV and for health more broadly.

Author: Euzebiusz Jamrozik
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9783030278762
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 448

View

Book Description
This Open Access volume provides in-depth analysis of the wide range of ethical issues associated with drug-resistant infectious diseases. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is widely recognized to be one of the greatest threats to global public health in coming decades; and it has thus become a major topic of discussion among leading bioethicists and scholars from related disciplines including economics, epidemiology, law, and political theory. Topics covered in this volume include responsible use of antimicrobials; control of multi-resistant hospital-acquired infections; privacy and data collection; antibiotic use in childhood and at the end of life; agricultural and veterinary sources of resistance; resistant HIV, tuberculosis, and malaria; mandatory treatment; and trade-offs between current and future generations. As the first book focused on ethical issues associated with drug resistance, it makes a timely contribution to debates regarding practice and policy that are of crucial importance to global public health in the 21st century.

Author: World Health Organization
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789241599085
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 55

View

Book Description
Worldwide, in 2008, an estimated 430 000 [240 000-610 000] new infections due to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) occurred in children, of which 90% were acquired through mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV. Of the 430 000 new infections, between 280 000 and 360 000 were acquired during labour and in the pre-partum period. Of the remaining new infections, the majority were acquired during breastfeeding. In infants who acquire HIV around the time of delivery, disease progression occurs very rapidly in the first few months of life, often leading to death. To enable antiretroviral (ARV) prophylaxis to be given to infants as soon as possible after birth, all infants should have their HIV exposure status known at birth. As not all mothers are given HIV tests, very few HIV-exposed infants are identified and very few infants are known to be gaining access to early diagnosis, the necessary prerequisite to'timely' initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART). Currently, only an estimated 15% of HIV-exposed infants needing testing are tested in the first two months of life. Recently published data confirming dramatic survival benefits for infants started on ART as early as possible after the diagnosis of HIV, prompted a review of the World Health Organization (WHO) paediatric treatment guidelines. In June 2008, new guidance was issued, which recommends prompt initiation of ART in infants diagnosed with HIV infection. In order to identify those infants who will need immediate ART, early confirmation of HIV infection is required. In November 2008, a meeting was convened to review recommendations by WHO for the diagnostic testing of HIV infection in infants and children. The meeting brought together the guideline review group that had developed the initial recommendations in 2005. The guideline review group followed the grading of recommendations assessment, development and evaluation (GRADE) approach in reviewing the recommendations for early detection of HIV infection according to the current WHO Guidelines for Guidelines. This document contains the new recommendations. The full document, including GRADE evidence profiles and the factors that have been taken into account in the group's decision-making with respect to the strength of the recommendations, is available in the annexes.

Author: World Health Organization
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789241599535
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 49

View

Book Description
Significant programmatic experience and research evidence regarding HIV and infant feeding have accumulated since WHO's recommendations on infant feeding in the context of HIV were last revised in 2006. In particular, evidence has been reported that antiretroviral (ARV) interventions to either the HIV-infected mother or HIV-exposed infant can significantly reduce the risk of postnatal transmission of HIV through breastfeeding. This evidence has major implications for how women living with HIV might feed their infants, and how health workers should counsel these mothers. Together, breastfeeding and ARV intervention have the potential to significantly improve infants' chances of surviving while remaining HIV uninfected. While the 2010 recommendations are generally consistent with the previous guidance, they recognize the important impact of ARVs during the breastfeeding period, and recommend that national authorities in each country decide which infant feeding practice, i.e. breastfeeding with an ARV intervention to reduce transmission or avoidance of all breastfeeding, should be promoted and supported by their Maternal and Child Health services. This differs from the previous recommendations in which health workers were expected to individually counsel all HIV-infected mothers about the various infant feeding options, and it was then for mothers to decide between them. Where national authorities promote breastfeeding and ARVs, mothers known to be HIV-infected are now recommended to breastfeed their infants until at least 12 months of age. The recommendation that replacement feeding should not be used unless it is acceptable, feasible, affordable, sustainable and safe (AFASS) remains, but the acronym is replaced by more common, everyday language and terms. Recognizing that ARVs will not be rolled out everywhere immediately, guidance is given on what to do in their absence.

Author: Jean R. Anderson
Publisher: DIANE Publishing Inc.
ISBN: 9780160726118
Category : Health & Fitness
Languages : en
Pages : 636

View

Book Description
NOTE: NO FURTHER DISCOUNT FOR THIS PRODUCT ITEM -OVERSRTOCK SALE-- Significantly reduced price. Edited by Jean R. Anderson. This guide addresses the health care needs unique to women with HIV. It targets clinicians who provide primary care to women as well as those seeking an understanding of how to take care of women with HIV/AIDS. This guide includes tables, figures, color plates, resources, references, and indices. This 2005 edition includes new chapters on international issues and nutrition. Edge indexed."

Author: King K. Holmes
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 1464805253
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 506

View

Book Description
Infectious diseases are the leading cause of death globally, particularly among children and young adults. The spread of new pathogens and the threat of antimicrobial resistance pose particular challenges in combating these diseases. Major Infectious Diseases identifies feasible, cost-effective packages of interventions and strategies across delivery platforms to prevent and treat HIV/AIDS, other sexually transmitted infections, tuberculosis, malaria, adult febrile illness, viral hepatitis, and neglected tropical diseases. The volume emphasizes the need to effectively address emerging antimicrobial resistance, strengthen health systems, and increase access to care. The attainable goals are to reduce incidence, develop innovative approaches, and optimize existing tools in resource-constrained settings.

Author:
Publisher: World Health Organization
ISBN: 9240022236
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 84

View

Book Description
These guidelines provide new and updated recommendations on the use of point-of-care testing in children under 18 months of age and point-of-care tests to monitor treatment in people living with HIV; the treatment monitoring algorithm; and timing of antiretroviral therapy (ART) among people living with HIV who are being treated for tuberculosis. WHO is currently in the process of collating all HIV normative guidance developed since 2016 in order to publish the third edition of the consolidated HIV guidelines in July 2021. This updated version will include the new clinical guidance presented here.

Author: Roberto Morozzo della Rocca
Publisher: Georgetown University Press
ISBN: 1647124301
Category : Bibles
Languages : en
Pages : 314

View

Book Description
"Sant'Egidio, a Catholic social movement rooted in "the gospel and friendship," pursues projects such as peacemaking efforts that brought an end to civil wars in Mozambique and Burundi in the 1990s. This book describes Sant'Egidio's DREAM project, which was established in 2002. DREAM stands for Drug Resource Enhancement Against AIDS and Malnutrition. Put simply, the program addressed the AIDS crisis through the same means that had shown success in the developed world: a "triple therapy" of antiretroviral drugs, which enable people with HIV to live relatively healthy lives for decades"--