Environmental Bioassay Techniques and Their Application PDF Download

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Biological assay
Languages : en
Pages : 680

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Author: M. Munawar
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9400918968
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 663

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Proceedings of the First International Conference held in Lancaster, England, July 11-14, 1988

Author: Gary E. Glass
Publisher: Butterworth-Heinemann
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 522

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Author: Donat Hader
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0128118903
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 464

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Bioassays: Advanced Methods and Applications provides a thorough understanding of the applications of bioassays in monitoring toxicity in aquatic ecosystems. It reviews the newest tests and applications in discovering compounds and toxins in the environment, covering all suitable organisms, from bacteria, to microorganisms, to higher plants, including invertebrates and vertebrates. By learning about newer tests, water pollution control testing can be less time and labor consuming, and less expensive. This book will be helpful for anyone working in aquatic environments or those who need an introduction to ecotoxicology or bioassays, from investigators, to technicians and students. Features chapters written by internationally renowned researchers in the field, all actively involved in the development and application of bioassays Gives the reader an understanding of the advantages and deficiencies of available tests Addresses the problem of understanding the impact of toxins in an aquatic environment and how to assess them

Author: Michael Waters
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461578493
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 377

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With this proceedings of the fourth symposium on complex mixtures, we continue to revise and extend our knowledge of genetic methods for the evaluation of chemical mixtures in the environment. The early chapters of this volume are devoted to new bioassay techniques that are directly applicable to the monitoring of environments contaminated with genotoxic chemicals. Microbiological methods have been further refined to meet the special needs of atmospheric monitoring so that very small samples may now be efficiently tested. New in situ methods utilizing green plants actually avoid many of the usual difficulties of sample collection and preparation and offer special advantages in monitoring wastewater, sludges, and hazardous wastes. Insects also are being employed very effectively in the evaluation of gaseous air pollutants in controlled laboratory investigations. Increased emphasis has been placed on a comprehensive assessment of the potential of complex mixtures t9 cause various kinds of genetic damage. New assays for chromosome structural and numerical aberrations in mammalian cells in vitro have been developed and are being applied in laboratory studies. Efforts to link tests for gene mutation and cell transformation in vitro with assays for tumorigenesis in vivo are contributing to the validation of the short-term testing approach. Studies comparing in vitro and in vivo data on a coal conversion by-product, on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and on mineral fibers are reported in separate papers. Later chapters are devoted to investigations on the fractionation and biological evaluation of specific chemical components within complex mixtures.

Author: Atta-ur-Rahman
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1135287228
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 214

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The goal of an activity-directed isolation process is to isolate bioactive compounds which may provide structural leads of therapeutic importance. Whereas the traditional process of drug development is long and expensive, simple and rapid bioassays can serve as the starting point for drug discovery. This book presents a range of "bench top" bioassa

Author: Michael Waters
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1468441213
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 508

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More than one hundred short-term bioassays are now available for detecting the toxicity, mutagenicity, and potential carcinogenicity of chemicals. These bioassays were developed and validated with individual compounds, and their principal application was perceived to be in evaluating the health hazard of such materials. However, man is rarely exposed to single chemicals; his exposure to hazardous chemicals is more commonly a multifactorial phenomenon. Although chemical analysis can be used to detect known hazardous compounds, it would be a staggering and expensive task to analyze large numbers of samples for all known or suspected hazardous constituents. Furthermore, the biological activity of a complex mixture cannot be reliably predicted from knowledge of its components. On the other hand, bioassays alone cannot tell us which components of complex mixtures are responsible for the biological activity detected. Thus, cost effectiveness and technical feasibility dictate stepwise and perhaps iterative application -of both chemical and biological methods in evaluating the health effects of complex environmental mixtures. Through the coupling of reliable biological detection systems with methods of chemical fractionation and analysis, it is frequently possible to isolate the individual chemical species that show biological activity. Initially, complex mixtures may be separated and bioassayed in carefully defined chemical fractions. The results of such short-term screening bioassays then may be used td guide the course of further fractionation and to determine the need for more stringent and comprehensive biological testing.

Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309047862
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 375

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The scientific basis, inference assumptions, regulatory uses, and research needs in risk assessment are considered in this two-part volume. The first part, Use of Maximum Tolerated Dose in Animal Bioassays for Carcinogenicity, focuses on whether the maximum tolerated dose should continue to be used in carcinogenesis bioassays. The committee considers several options for modifying current bioassay procedures. The second part, Two-Stage Models of Carcinogenesis, stems from efforts to identify improved means of cancer risk assessment that have resulted in the development of a mathematical dose-response model based on a paradigm for the biologic phenomena thought to be associated with carcinogenesis.

Author: Michael D. Waters
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9780306403194
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 614

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vi Williamsburg, Virginia, February 21-23, 1978. This symposium was sponsored by the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Energy Minerals and Industry, Washington, DC, and Office of Health and Ecological Effects, Health Effects Re search Laboratory, Biochemistry Branch, Research Triangle Park, NC. The symposium consisted of 24 formal presentations that amplify the three major topics discussed during the symposium: an overview of short-term bioassay systems; current methodology involving the collection and chemical analysis of environmental samples; and current research in volving the use of short-term bioassays in the fractionation and analysis of complex environmental mixtures. The purpose of this symposium was to present the state-of-the-art tech niques in bioassay and chemical analysis as applied to com plex mixtures and to foster continued advancement of this important area. Complex mixtures discussed include ambient air and water, waste water, drinking water, shale oil, syn thetic fuels, automobile exhaust, diesel particulate, coal fly ash, cigarette smoke condensates, and food products. It is our hope that this volume will serve as a refer ence to catalyze and encourage further research in this field. Michael D. Waters, Ph. D. Stephen Nesnow, Ph. D. vii Acknowledgment We would like to thank Gerald Rausa, Office of Energy Minerals and Industry, for his advice, encouragement, and support of this program. We would also like to express our appreciation to Wendy A. Martin, Peter A. Murphy, and David F. Wright of Kappa Systems, Inc.

Author: Christian Blaise
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1402035535
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 431

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Book Description
This broad review is the first to gather comprehensive information on the complete contemporary range of toxicity testing procedures and hazard assessment procedures, which is normally scattered and difficult to find. The two-volume set provides a consistent, template-based approach, linking relevant information on background, theory and practice to each bioassay. Volume 2 examines hazard assessment schemes. Includes extensive glossary.