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Author: OECD Publisher: OECD Publishing ISBN: 9264193529 Category : Languages : en Pages : 152
Book Description
This report describes evaluation methods for transport infrastructure investments to ensure that scarce resources are allocated in a way that maximises their net return to society.
Author: OECD Publisher: OECD Publishing ISBN: 9264193529 Category : Languages : en Pages : 152
Book Description
This report describes evaluation methods for transport infrastructure investments to ensure that scarce resources are allocated in a way that maximises their net return to society.
Author: David Banister Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1135802718 Category : Architecture Languages : en Pages : 383
Book Description
A major concern of all decision makers has been to ensure that there are clear benefits from transport investment proposals. The travel time savings are clear, but the wider economic developments have presented enormous difficulty in terms of both theoretical arguments and empirical evidence. This book reviews the history of the debate and argues that the agenda has changed. These issues are presented together with a major analytical investigation of macroeconomic models, evaluation in transport and microeconomic approaches. The final part of the book presents a series of case studies for road, rail and airport investment schemes, particularly focusing on the economic development aspects.
Author: Roger Stough Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing ISBN: Category : Altyapı (Ekonomik) Languages : en Pages : 698
Book Description
Presents a set of 37 classic readings in the literature that show the development of analysis in the field of transport infrastructure. Readings are arranged into five sections: foundation papers; infrastructure and economic development; infrastructure networks; infrastructure measurement and evaluation; and case studies. Contributions are drawn from such publications as Journal of Monetary Economics; Economic Journal, Regional and Urban Economics, Journal of Political Economy, Review of Economics and Statistics, Empirical Economics, Regional Science and Urban Economics, New England Economic Review, Policy Studies Journal, Scandinavian Journal of Economics, and Journal of Transport Economics and Policy, among others, as well as a few books. Contributions range from one written in 1929 to 1999. Lacks a subject index. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Author: Eric Bond Publisher: World Bank Publications ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 44
Book Description
November 1997 This model predicts that without cooperative infrastructure agreements between countries, there will be underinvestment in those forms of infrastructure in which the investments will have spillover effects to other countries. For a relatively small country, for example, there would tend to be more underinvestment in railroad and highway infrastructure to neighboring countries than there would be in airport and harbor infrastructure (carrying goods to the whole world). Bond examines whether trade liberalization should create a greater incentive for countries to invest in transportation infrastructure. He pays special attention to the case of preferential trade liberalization between neighboring countries, where investments in roads or railroads are specific to the partner country and will thus have spillover effects. The existence of spillovers will lead to gains from cooperative agreements about investment levels. Bond shows that in a small country the incentive to invest in infrastructure depends on the level of the tariff when demand is linear. If protection is in the form of a quota, on the other hand, trade liberalization will increase the optimal infrastructure investment. He shows that in a two-country model with spillovers between countries, the cooperative equilibrium may involve either more or less investment than the noncooperative equilibrium, depending on the pattern of trade between the two countries and the degree of substitutability between investments in the two countries. For a relatively small country, for example, there would be more underinvestment in railroad and highway infrastructure to neighboring countries than there would be in airport and harbor infrastructure. The first type of investment is specific to certain markets and is likely to affect the relative price of goods in those markets. The second type of investment, on the other hand, will send goods to world markets generally, where prices are likely to be relatively unaffected by the investments. Bond also examines the desirability of linking regional trade and infrastructure agreements. The prediction generated by his model is that in the absence of cooperative agreements between countries, there will be underinvestment in those forms of transportation in which the investments will have spillover effects to other countries. Bond identifies two forms of gains from infrastructure agreements: * Internalizing the terms-of-trade effects and thus avoiding the inefficient investment levels that arise in noncooperative choices of investment levels. * Internalizing the effects of the infrastructure investment in the tariff negotiation process, in cases where countries cannot commit to future tariff rates. This paper-a product of the Development Research Group-is part of a larger effort in the group to understand regionalism and development.
Author: Christine Kessides Publisher: World Bank Publications ISBN: 9780821326282 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 66
Book Description
This paper reviews the linkages between infrastructure and economic development based on both formal empirical research and informal case studies. The main thesis is that economic benefits result from investments in infrastructure only to the extent that they generate a sustainable flow of services valued by consumers. Thus, an analysis of infrastructures' contributions to growth must look at the impacts of services as actually perceived, not at indirect indicators that measure only aggregate provision of infrastructure capital. The paper notes that macro and industry level research , although having its limitations, suggest a positive and statistically significant relationship between infrastructure and economic output. However the conclusions derived from this research (most of which derives from developed countries) provide little specific guidance for policy. To gain more practical insights about how infrastructure contributes to economic growth and to improved quality of life, and to understand the welfare costs of inadequate or unreliable infrastructure, it is necessary to look at microeconomic evidence. Particularly interesting illustrations of these relationships are to be found in developing countries where there is wide variance in the availability and quality of infrastructure.
Author: Kenneth Button Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing ISBN: 085793063X Category : Transportation Languages : en Pages : 223
Book Description
Recent years have seen considerable changes in the technology of transportation with the development of high-speed rail networks, more fuelefficient automobiles and aircraft, and the widespread adoption of informatics in disciplines such as traffic management and supply chain logistics. The contributions to this volume assess transportation interactions with employment and income, examine some of the policies that have been deployed to maximize the economic and social impacts of transportation provision at the local and regional levels and analyze how advances in transportation technologies have, and will, impact future development. Due in part to the general liberalization of markets, there have been major changes in the institutional environment in which transportation is supplied; these changes inevitably affect wider economic systems and development, although in turn these changes feed back upon transportation networks. The contributors to this work develop these and other themes, from a variety of perspectives, implementing a wide range of academic approaches into their analyses. Stemming from initiatives of the Network on European Communications and Transport Activities Research (NECTAR), Transportation and Economic Development Challenges presents a body of research that exemplifies the organization's objective of fostering research collaboration around the world.
Author: OECD Publisher: OECD Publishing ISBN: 9264304509 Category : Languages : en Pages : 136
Book Description
Transport infrastructure is crucial to connect developing countries and help them to boost trade, growth and regional integration. This is because cross-border or long-distance roads and railways as well as international ports and airports are needed to move products and people around in a ...
Author: OECD
Author: OECD
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Author: Amos Avraham
Author: David Banister
Author: Roger Stough
Author: Roger William Vickerman
Author: Eric Bond
Author: Christine Kessides
Author: Kenneth Button
Author: OECD