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Author: Tommy Bengtsson Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 364212612X Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 137
Book Description
Tommy Bengtsson Population ageing, the shift in age distribution towards older ages, is of immense global concern. It is taking place to a varying degree all over the world, more in Europe and some Asian countries, less on the African continent. The worldwide share of people aged 65 years and above is predicted to increase from 7. 5% in 2005 to 16. 1% in 2050 (UN 2007, p. 11). The corresponding ?gures for developed countries are 15. 5 and 26. 2% and for developing countries 5. 5 and 14. 6%. While population ageing has been going on for some time in the developed world, and will continue to do so, most of the change is yet to come for the developing world. The change in developing countries, however, is going to be much faster than it has been in the developed world. For example, while it took more than 100 years in France and more than 80 years in Sweden for the population group aged 65 and above to increase from 7 to 14% of the population, the same change in Japan took place over a 25-year period (UN 2007, p. 13). The scenario for the future is very similar for most developing countries, including highly populated countries like China, India and Brazil. While the start and the speed differ, the shift in age structure towards older ages is a worldwide phenomenon, stressing the signi?cance of the concept global ageing.
Author: Tommy Bengtsson Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 364212612X Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 137
Book Description
Tommy Bengtsson Population ageing, the shift in age distribution towards older ages, is of immense global concern. It is taking place to a varying degree all over the world, more in Europe and some Asian countries, less on the African continent. The worldwide share of people aged 65 years and above is predicted to increase from 7. 5% in 2005 to 16. 1% in 2050 (UN 2007, p. 11). The corresponding ?gures for developed countries are 15. 5 and 26. 2% and for developing countries 5. 5 and 14. 6%. While population ageing has been going on for some time in the developed world, and will continue to do so, most of the change is yet to come for the developing world. The change in developing countries, however, is going to be much faster than it has been in the developed world. For example, while it took more than 100 years in France and more than 80 years in Sweden for the population group aged 65 and above to increase from 7 to 14% of the population, the same change in Japan took place over a 25-year period (UN 2007, p. 13). The scenario for the future is very similar for most developing countries, including highly populated countries like China, India and Brazil. While the start and the speed differ, the shift in age structure towards older ages is a worldwide phenomenon, stressing the signi?cance of the concept global ageing.
Author: Tommy Bengtsson Publisher: Springer ISBN: 9783642126130 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 123
Book Description
Tommy Bengtsson Population ageing, the shift in age distribution towards older ages, is of immense global concern. It is taking place to a varying degree all over the world, more in Europe and some Asian countries, less on the African continent. The worldwide share of people aged 65 years and above is predicted to increase from 7. 5% in 2005 to 16. 1% in 2050 (UN 2007, p. 11). The corresponding ?gures for developed countries are 15. 5 and 26. 2% and for developing countries 5. 5 and 14. 6%. While population ageing has been going on for some time in the developed world, and will continue to do so, most of the change is yet to come for the developing world. The change in developing countries, however, is going to be much faster than it has been in the developed world. For example, while it took more than 100 years in France and more than 80 years in Sweden for the population group aged 65 and above to increase from 7 to 14% of the population, the same change in Japan took place over a 25-year period (UN 2007, p. 13). The scenario for the future is very similar for most developing countries, including highly populated countries like China, India and Brazil. While the start and the speed differ, the shift in age structure towards older ages is a worldwide phenomenon, stressing the signi?cance of the concept global ageing.
Author: Marion Repetti Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 303071442X Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 187
Book Description
This book brings together two major trends influencing economic and social life: population ageing on the one side, and migration on the other. Both have assumed increasing importance over the course of the 20th and into the 21st century. The book offers a unique interdisciplinary perspective on the challenges posed by the globalisation of the life course to welfare states’ old age and family policies. Through a variety of case studies, it covers a wide range of migration scenarios: those who migrate in later life; migrants from earlier years who age in place; and old people who hire migrant caregivers. It shows how both local and global economic inequalities intersect to frame interactions between ageing, migration, and family support. Across a wide variety of situations, it highlights that migration can both create risks for older people, but also serve as an answer to ageing-related social, economic, and health risks. The book explores tensions between national and global contexts in experiences of migration across the life course. As such this book offers a fascinating read to scholars, students, practitioners, and policy makers in the fields of aging, migration, life course, and population health.
Author: Anne Marie Guillemard Publisher: University of Delaware Press ISBN: 9780874135947 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 364
Book Description
"This book brings an innovative conceptual framework of analysis that can be transferred to other areas of social politics or public policies at large."--BOOK JACKET.
Author: Assaf Razin Publisher: International Monetary Fund ISBN: Category : Aging Languages : en Pages : 30
Book Description
Data for the United States and countries in Western Europe indicate a negative correlation between the dependency ratio and labor tax rates and the generosity of social transfers, after controlling for other factors that influence the size of the welfare state. This is despite the increased political clout of the dependent population implied by the aging of the population. This paper develops an overlapping generations model of intra-and inter-generational transfers (including old-age social security) and human capital formation which addresses this seeming puzzle. We show that with democratic voting, an increase in the dependency ratio can lead to lower taxes or less generous social transfers.
Author: Peter H. Lindert Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 110862653X Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 59
Book Description
The traditionally, and wrongly, imagined vulnerabilities of the welfare state are economic. The true threats are demographic and political. The most frequently imagined threat is that the welfare state package reduces the level and growth of GDP. It does not, according to broad historical patterns and non-experimental panel econometrics. Large-budget welfare states achieve a host of social improvements without any clear loss of GDP. This Element elaborates on how this 'free lunch' is gained in practice. Other threats to the welfare state are more real, however. One is the rise of anti-immigrant backlash. If combined with heavy refugee inflows, this could destroy future public support for universalist welfare state programs, even though they seem to remain economically sound. The other is that population aging poses a serious problem for financing old age. Pension deficits threaten to crowd out more productive social spending. Only a few countries have faced this issue well.
Author: Jonathan Cylus Publisher: ISBN: Category : Medical care Languages : en Pages : 39
Book Description
1. Population ageing is raising concerns about how to cope with the expected greater cost of health and long-term care, and over the economic implications of having a comparatively smaller share of younger people at traditional working age.2. This rhetoric is often inspired by misleading metrics, such as the traditional old-age dependency ratio, which assume that people become dependent on society after reaching some pre-defined age.3. Yet, upon closer inspection, available evidence suggests that care and consumption of a growing older population may not be so costly to finance and that older people provide significant economic and societal benefits, especially when healthy and active: - Population ageing has a modest and very gradual effect on health expenditure forecasts, compared to traditional cost drivers such as price growth and technological innovation.- Demand for long-term care is expected to increase substantially due to population ageing but it is coming from a low base currently and is not expected to have a large impact on spending forecasts. However, this does not account for the economic cost of informal long-term care, which is not captured in the international statistics (nor fully understood).- Many older people continue to provide paid or unpaid work beyond official retirement age and continue to make a positive economic and societal contribution. The value of unpaid work provided by older people is considerable but difficult to monetize.- While in Europe consumption of older people is mainly financed by public transfers, many older people pay for (part of) their consumption from private sources, including from incomes from their own continued work or accumulated assets.- Accumulation of asset wealth also benefits the economy indirectly through its contribution to productivity growth and health is a key predictor of asset accumulation.- Further, older people, even if not in paid employment, continue to pay consumption and other non-labour taxes, and thus contribute to public-sector revenues.4. Carefully crafted policies can reduce the costs of health and long-term care of older people, enhance their economic contribution through paid and unpaid work, and support acceptability of funding and income transfers: - Policies to promote cost-effective health and long-term care interventions include the use of technology, integration of health and long-term care, as well as other models of care delivery and supporting better treatment and care choices near the end of life.- Keeping older people active in paid work is dependent on a number of factors, not least their health, and importantly the roles and incentives regarding employment and pensions. On the unpaid work side, policies may include support of informal carers through training or cash transfers and interventions that enable carers to combine unpaid care with paid employment.- Health and long-term care financing systems may need to diversify their sources of revenue in order to continue to generate sufficient resources. Policies that are being explored include increasing reliance on general taxes or private sources in welfare systems that rely heavily on payroll contributions; the use of hypothecation and the introduction of mandatory long-term care insurance. Overall, acceptability of higher taxes and transfers will depend on the transparency of the process and perceived fairness of the rules.- Policies to promote healthy and active ageing, which has an intrinsic value in itself, such as those that prevent or delay care dependency, will also indirectly (through enhanced health and functional ability) help achieve all the other policy goals outlined above.5. The forthcoming briefs in this series will look at the issues outlined above in more detail in an attempt to gauge how big a challenge population ageing actually is for the welfare states as we know them today.
Author: Jacques Véron Publisher: Springer ISBN: 9789048113033 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 390
Book Description
In this important and timely book, researchers from different countries compare their experiences and offer contrasting views on the future of social protection. They consider the theoretical aspects of the intergenerational debate, relations between generations within the family, the living standards of elderly people, and the question of social time. For the first time in history, three and sometimes four generations are living at the same time; this book examines the new interactions between family change, labour force participation and population ageing.
Author: Marion Repetti Publisher: ISBN: 9783030714437 Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
This book brings together two major trends influencing economic and social life: population ageing on the one side, and migration on the other. Both have assumed increasing importance over the course of the 20th and into the 21st century. The book offers a unique interdisciplinary perspective on the challenges posed by the globalisation of the life course to welfare states' old age and family policies. Through a variety of case studies, it covers a wide range of migration scenarios: those who migrate in later life; migrants from earlier years who age in place; and old people who hire migrant caregivers. It shows how both local and global economic inequalities intersect to frame interactions between ageing, migration, and family support. Across a wide variety of situations, it highlights that migration can both create risks for older people, but also serve as an answer to ageing-related social, economic, and health risks. The book explores tensions between national and global contexts in experiences of migration across the life course. As such this book offers a fascinating read to scholars, students, practitioners, and policy makers in the fields of aging, migration, life course, and population health. .
Author: Bert De Vroom Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1351960253 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 310
Book Description
There are two conflicting trends in Europe: a demographic shift towards population ageing, and a massive decrease in the labour force participation of older workers (aged 50 years and over). This captivating book offers a refined and authoritative understanding of these trends and the two socio-economic concerns of most European welfare states that have been re-enforced as a consequence. These are: the increasing costs for welfare states to finance 'pathways' from employment to official retirement, and the threat of labour market shortages in the near future as a result of both the ageing process and the early exit of older workers. A variety of new policy initiatives can be observed emerging from these changes in many European countries - this book examines the different welfare state arrangements in nine EU countries plus Hungary, Slovenia and Norway. It considers ways of integrating older workers in the labour market along with differing perspectives on the relation between ageing and work.
Author: Tommy Bengtsson
Author: Tommy Bengtsson
Author: Tommy Bengtsson
Author: Marion Repetti
Author: Anne Marie Guillemard
Author: Assaf Razin
Author: Peter H. Lindert
Author: Jonathan Cylus
Author: Jacques Véron
Author: Marion Repetti
Author: Bert De Vroom