Updates on giant cell arteritis: Pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment PDF Download

Author: Andreas P. Diamantopoulos
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2832521878
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 109

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Author: Jozef Rovensky
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3211993592
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 93

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Book Description
In the present monograph, we offer current insights into polymyalgia rheumatica and giant cell arthritis. Both diseases are typical for advanced age, and their incidences increase with aging. Both diseases are a center point of interest not only for rheu- tologists, gerontologists, ophthalmologists or neurologists, but also for general prac- tioners. Early diagnosis and rapid treatment, mainly with glucocorticoids can save one of the most precious senses-vision. Damage to other organs (heart, aorta, co- nary arteries, liver, lungs, kidneys), which are supplied by the arteries affected by ischemic syndrome in the setting of giant cell arthritis, has serious consequences as well. Late diagnosis of giant cell arthritis can have fatal consequences for affected patients. It is a matter of fact that the human population is aging. Therefore, more attention has to be paid not only to diagnosis, clinical course and treatment of rheumatic d- eases in elderly, but also to their genetic, immunologic, endocrinologic, chronobiologic mechanisms, and state-of-the-art diagnostic modalities. I am convinced that the int- disciplinary research of the diseases will allow us to diagnose and treat the rheumatic diseases even faster and more effectively in the future.

Author: Lazaros Sakkas
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 953511008X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 286

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Book Description
Vasculitis, an inflammation of blood vessels, can be idiopathic or secondary to other conditions. Infections may also mimic idiopathic vasculitis, and the differential diagnosis is of paramount importance for the practicing physician. Vasculitides are not rare diseases. In fact, some vasculitides, such as giant cell arteritis, cutaneous vasculitis, and ANCA-associated vasculitis are relatively common in everyday practice. Vasculitis may rapidly lead to organ failure, and put patient's life in danger. Therefore, physicians of different specialties should diagnose vasculitis early, because early institution of treatment is crucial for the favorable outcome. In recent years progress has been made in the pathophysiology and treatment of vasculitis. This book reflects all new advances in pathogenetic mechanisms, diagnosis, and treatment of different types of vasculitis. The international panel of authors helps in achieving a balanced view on different aspects of vasculitis.

Author: Bhaskar Dasgupta
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0198729200
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 177

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Book Description
Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) and giant cell arteritis (GCA) are related conditions occurring almost exclusively in older people. Polymyalgia rheumatica is considered to be the rheumatic disease that is subject to the widest variations of clinical practice, partially due to the considerable uncertainty related to diagnosis and outcomes. Giant cell arteritis, an inflammatory form of vasculitis, may present with a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations and can be complicated by acute ischemic events, the most serious of which is permanent blindness. Early recognition and adequate treatment of the condition is thus necessary to prevent patients' loss of independence and to maintain their quality of life. Part of the Oxford Rheumatology Library series, Polymyalgia Rheumatica and Giant Cell Arteritis provides quick and practically relevant information on several aspects of the diseases, particularly on diagnosis and management, with the ultimate aim of improving the patient's care. Chapters highlight current concepts of pathogenesis, recent advances of diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, and the ongoing research into the identification of new biomarkers and corticosteroid-sparing medications. Each chapter is complemented with key message boxes highlighting the most relevant information for clinical practice. This concise but comprehensive reference is particularly suited for rheumatologists, general practitioners, and other professionals caring for patients with PMR and GCA.

Author: Julien Bogousslavsky
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521771450
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 418

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Book Description
An essential resource for diagnosis and treatment of stroke patients outside the usual clinical categories.

Author: Bhaskar Dasgupta
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0191045438
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 192

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Book Description
Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) and giant cell arteritis (GCA) are related conditions occurring almost exclusively in older people. Polymyalgia rheumatica is considered to be the rheumatic disease that is subject to the widest variations of clinical practice, partially due to the considerable uncertainty related to diagnosis and outcomes. Giant cell arteritis, an inflammatory form of vasculitis, may present with a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations and can be complicated by acute ischemic events, the most serious of which is permanent blindness. Early recognition and adequate treatment of the condition is thus necessary to prevent patients' loss of independence and to maintain their quality of life. Part of the Oxford Rheumatology Library series, Polymyalgia Rheumatica and Giant Cell Arteritis provides quick and practically relevant information on several aspects of the diseases, particularly on diagnosis and management, with the ultimate aim of improving the patient's care. Chapters highlight current concepts of pathogenesis, recent advances of diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, and the ongoing research into the identification of new biomarkers and corticosteroid-sparing medications. Each chapter is complemented with key message boxes highlighting the most relevant information for clinical practice. This concise but comprehensive reference is particularly suited for rheumatologists, general practitioners, and other professionals caring for patients with PMR and GCA.

Author: S.S. Hayreh
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642659578
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 153

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Book Description
"No attainment is ever final" Vascular disorders of the optic disc and nerve are important not only to the ophthalmologist but also to the neurologist and the internist. To the first specialty group they represent one cause of blindness or severe visual impairment; to the second group the optic disc edema and optic atrophy seen in these disorders can pose serious problems of diagnosis, or give indica tions of the involvement of the cerebral circulation; while to the last group they are frequently indicative of systemic disease, particularly of the cardiovas cular system. Recent advances in our knowledge of the blood supply of the optic nerve head have shed a significant new light on the subject. With the recent advent of fluorescein fundus angiography, an extra dimension has been added to the study of the ocular and optic disc circulations, and we have entered into a new era in the understanding of ocular vascular disorders "in vivo". In the pre-angiography era, postmortem injection studies, although very valuable, did not completely reveal the vascular pattern of the optic disc in the living, in health, and disease. The ophthalmoscope, without doubt, has been valuable in assessing optic disc lesions, but could not give us informa tion on the circulation of the eye and optic disc "in vivo".

Author: Adam E. M. Eltorai
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319525670
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 811

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Book Description
This quick-reference guide is the first book written specifically for the many third- and fourth-year medical students rotating on an orthopedic surgery service. Organized anatomically, it focuses on the diagnosis and management of the most common pathologic entities. Each chapter covers history, physical examination, imaging, and common diagnoses. For each diagnosis, the book sets out the typical presentation, options for non-operative and operative management, and expected outcomes. Chapters include key illustrations, quick-reference charts, tables, diagrams, and bulleted lists. Each chapter is co-authored by a senior resident or fellow and an established academic physician and is concise enough to be read in two or three hours. Students can read the text from cover to cover to gain a general foundation of knowledge that can be built upon when they begin their rotation, then use specific chapters to review a sub-specialty before starting a new rotation or seeing a patient with a sub-specialty attending. Practical and user-friendly, Orthopedic Surgery Clerkship is the ideal, on-the-spot resource for medical students and practitioners seeking fast facts on diagnosis and management. Its bullet-pointed outline format makes it a perfect quick-reference, and its content breadth covers the most commonly encountered orthopedic problems in practice.

Author: Renato Alberto Sinico
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030022390
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 336

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Book Description
This volume, written by well-known experts in the field, covers all aspects of Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody (ANCA) Associated Vasculitis (AAV). The expression refers to a group of diseases, characterized by destruction and inflammation of small vessels. The clinical signs vary and affect several organs, such as the kidney, lung, skin, nervous system and others. The opening chapters give some historical hints, explain the genetic basis of the disease and provide insights into the pathogenesis derived from recent experimental studies and guides the reader through classification and nomenclature. A large part of the book is then devoted to a detailed description of the specific related diseases and their clinical presentations, the disease course, and potential complications. The advice regarding treatment is based on the best currently available evidence in this constantly evolving area. The book is part of Springer’s series Rare Diseases of the Immune System, which presents recently acquired knowledge on pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapy with the aim of promoting a more holistic approach to these conditions. AAVs are systemic autoimmune diseases of unknown cause that affect small (to medium) sized blood vessels. They include granulomatosis with polyangiitis (formerly Wegener's granulomatosis), microscopic polyangiitis, and eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (formerly Churg–Strauss syndrome). This volume will be an invaluable source of up-to-date information for all practitioners involved in the care of patients with these diseases.

Author: Shunsei Hirohata
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319764969
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 189

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Book Description
Neuropsychiatric manifestation in systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE) is one of the most recalcitrant complications of the disease. According to the 1999 ACR nomenclature and case definitions, diffuse psychiatric/neuropsychological syndromes in NPSLE (anxiety disorder, acute confusional state, cognitive dysfunction, mood disorder, psychosis) (diffuse NPSLE) present psychiatric manifestations unlike neurologic syndromes (focal NPSLE) originating from focal CNS lesions, such as cerebrovascular disease, demyelinating syndrome, headache, aseptic meningitis, chorea, seizures and myelopathy. A number of studies have reported that diffuse NPSLE is usually associated with the presence of autoantibodies against neuronal cells in serum as well as in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Moreover, IL-6 has been shown to be elevated in CSF of patients with diffuse NPSLE. Recently, it has been demonstrated that the severity of blood-brain barrier damages plays a crucial role in the development of acute confusional state, the severest form of diffuse NPSLE through the accelerated entry of larger amounts of autoantibodies to NMDA receptor subunit NR2 into the CNS. Since the importance of autoantibodies in the NPSLE has been now evident, such an aggressive treatment, especially B cell depleting therapy, would make sense in that it would reduce the levels of pathogenic autoantibodies, leading to a better prognosis of NPSLE. As far as we know, no single book specifically dedicated to NPSLE alone has been published as yet. As mentioned above, NPSLE constitutes a vastly expanding field of research with increasing numbers of papers published annually. Therefore, we believe that an effort to collect and critically review these publications is invaluable. Such an effort will provide an important contribution to basic researchers as well as clinicians working in the field of neurology, rheumatology, psychiatry and internal medicine fields.