Author: Vera Homem Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3030501353 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 326
Book Description
Comprising 12 chapters, this book focuses on volatile methylsiloxanes (VMSs), the shorter-chained organosiloxanes, and reviews the main areas and environmental compartments where they have been found and studied. It opens with a detailed description of the structural and functional properties, toxic risks and possible transformations of VMSs in the environment and their main uses in various activities and products, as well as the identification of the main sources of emission. Further chapters examine the analytical strategies and protocols that have been used to address the quantification of VMSs, including the issue of possible cross-contaminations. The book also discusses the presence of VMSs in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and in water bodies, their atmospheric fate and levels in biota, as well as occurrences of VMSs in remote areas of the world. It closes with a comprehensive conclusion and discussion on future directions for upcoming studies. This book is not intended as a finishing line, but rather as an important step towards improving our understanding of VMSs, to fuel new collaborations between research groups and/or with industry and lastly to convince more researchers to explore the mysteries of these ubiquitous, yet understudied, chemicals.
Author: Vera Homem Publisher: ISBN: 9783030501365 Category : Analytical chemistry Languages : en Pages : 320
Book Description
Comprising 12 chapters, this book focuses on volatile methylsiloxanes (VMSs), the shorter-chained organosiloxanes, and reviews the main areas and environmental compartments where they have been found and studied. It opens with a detailed description of the structural and functional properties, toxic risks and possible transformations of VMSs in the environment and their main uses in various activities and products, as well as the identification of the main sources of emission. Further chapters examine the analytical strategies and protocols that have been used to address the quantification of VMSs, including the issue of possible cross-contaminations. The book also discusses the presence of VMSs in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and in water bodies, their atmospheric fate and levels in biota, as well as occurrences of VMSs in remote areas of the world. It closes with a comprehensive conclusion and discussion on future directions for upcoming studies. This book is not intended as a finishing line, but rather as an important step towards improving our understanding of VMSs, to fuel new collaborations between research groups and/or with industry and lastly to convince more researchers to explore the mysteries of these ubiquitous, yet understudied, chemicals.
Author: Publisher: Nordic Council of Ministers ISBN: 9289312688 Category : Languages : en Pages : 93
Book Description
Siloxanes belong to a group of substances used in a number of industrial applications and in consumer products such as additives in fuel, car polish, cleaners, anti foamiers and car waxes. Besides this, they are widely used in e.g. personal care and biomedical products. As a result of their wide use, siloxanes are presumably spread into the environment both via point sources and via diffuse sources and may be found in the environment. Recent studies have suggested that siloxanes may have direct or indirect toxic effects on various biological processes. The aim of this screening study was to obtain a snapshot of the occurrence of siloxanes in the Nordic environment. The here presented screening study involved six countries: Denmark, Faroe Islands, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden. Sampled media types were air, biota, sediment, sludge, soil and water. Siloxanes were found in all the analysed samples types except soils. The results indicate that there is a general pollution of siloxanes in the Nordic environment, close to dense population and major sources. There was, however, a great variation in concentrations. The cyclic siloxanes occurred in all media in significantly higher concentrations than the linear siloxanes. At present, the observed concentrations are not alarmingly high, and many background sites seem to be non-contaminated. However, the use of siloxanes is extensive and it is possible that continued use will lead to increased environmental levels, eventually reaching effect concentrations.
Author: OECD Publisher: OECD Publishing ISBN: 9264067515 Category : Languages : en Pages : 33
Book Description
This Test Guideline describes a method to assess bioaccumulation of sediment-associated chemicals in endobenthic oligochaetes worms. It applies to stable, neutral organic chemicals having log Kow values between 3.0 and 6.0, superlipophilic ...
Author: P. J. Craig Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 0470864885 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 434
Book Description
A knowledge of the chemical structure and concentration of organometal compounds throughout the ecosystem is important in working out the pathways and mechanisms by which metals distribute themselves throughout the environment. Treating the topic as an integrated subject area, the Second Edition of Organometallic Compounds in the Environment covers all the recent developments in analytical techniques and reports all the new work that has been achieved since the first book. Covers the general importance and characteristics of organometallic species. Includes general developments in analytical techniques. Discusses several minority elements including antimony and selenium. The book addresses the subject in a single, manageable size and each chapter can be used either as a single review or sequentially within the topic area. A useful resource for all researchers and scientists in industry working with organometallic compounds, including, chemists, environmentalists and ecologists.
Author: Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0444639527 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 4896
Book Description
Encyclopedia of Environmental Health, Second Edition, Six Volume Set presents the newest release in this fundamental reference that updates and broadens the umbrella of environmental health, especially social and environmental health for its readers. There is ongoing revolution in governance, policies and intervention strategies aimed at evolving changes in health disparities, disease burden, trans-boundary transport and health hazards. This new edition reflects these realities, mapping new directions in the field that include how to minimize threats and develop new scientific paradigms that address emerging local, national and global environmental concerns. Represents a one-stop resource for scientifically reliable information on environmental health Fills a critical gap, with information on one of the most rapidly growing scientific fields of our time Provides comparative approaches to environmental health practice and research in different countries and regions of the world Covers issues behind specific questions and describes the best available scientific methods for environmental risk assessment
Author: Pardeep Singh Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0128222646 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 468
Book Description
Management of Contaminants of Emerging Concern (CEC) in Environment provides information about new concepts and latest developments in origin, reaction pathways, transportation, transformation products, identification, and adverse effects of CEC, as well as recent remediation technologies and tools for CEC. The book explores processes such as nanotechnology for the degradation of CEC by using various heterogeneous catalysts. The chapters incorporate both theoretical and practical aspects and can serve as a baseline for future studies. So, Management of Contaminants of Emerging Concern (CEC) in Environment is an indispensable resource for university students, teachers, and researchers, especially those working in the area of remediation and management of contaminants of emerging concern. Takes a holistic approach, focusing on the origin of contaminants, type of contaminants, remediation technologies, regulations and legal aspects Applies chemical, physical and biological processes for the treatment of emerging contaminants Written by a team of internationally reputed and rising researchers
Author: Rene P. Schwarzenbach Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 1118767047 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 1026
Book Description
Examines in a pedagogical way all pertinent molecular and macroscopic processes that govern the distribution and fate of organic chemicals in the environment and provides simple modeling tools to quantitatively describe these processes and their interplay in a given environmental system Treats fundamental aspects of chemistry, physics, and mathematical modeling as applied to environmentally relevant problems, and gives a state of the art account of the field Teaches the reader how to relate the structure of a given chemical to its physical chemical properties and intrinsic reactivities Provides a holistic and teachable treatment of phase partitioning and transformation processes, as well as a more focused and tailor-made presentation of physical, mathematical, and modeling aspects that apply to environmental situations of concern Includes a large number of questions and problems allowing teachers to explore the depth of understanding of their students or allowing individuals who use the book for self-study to check their progress Provides a companion website, which includes solutions for all problems as well as a large compilation of physical constants and compound properties
Author: Wun-cheng Wang Publisher: ASTM International ISBN: 0803120486 Category : Biodegradation Languages : en Pages : 289
Book Description
Papers delivered at the symposium of the same name, April 1994, by speakers from seven nations. Twenty presentations are arranged under six topics: regulation and assessment, air quality, environmental fate, environmental measurement, environmental monitoring, and control and remediation. A sampling
Author: Vera Homem
Author: Vera Homem
Author: Grish Chandra
Author: 
Author: OECD
Author: P. J. Craig
Author: 
Author: Pardeep Singh
Author: Rene P. Schwarzenbach
Author: Wun-cheng Wang