Author: Michael Chappell
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 303039705X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 179

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Book Description
This book provides an introduction to qualitative and quantitative aspects of human physiology. It examines biological and physiological processes and phenomena, including a selection of mathematical models, showing how physiological problems can be mathematically formulated and studied. It also illustrates how a wide range of engineering and physics topics, such as electronics, fluid dynamics, solid mechanics and control theory can be used to describe and understand physiological processes and systems. Throughout the text, there are introductions to measuring and quantifying physiological processes using both signaling and imaging technologies. This new edition includes updated material on pathophysiology, metabolism and the TCA cycle, as well as more advanced worked examples. This book describes the basic structure and models of cellular systems, the structure and function of the cardiovascular system, and the electrical and mechanical activity of the heart, and provides an overview of the structure and function of the respiratory and nervous systems. It also includes an introduction to the basic concepts and applications of reaction kinetics, pharmacokinetic modelling and tracer kinetics. It appeals to final year biomedical engineering undergraduates and graduates alike, as well as to practising engineers new to the fields of bioengineering or medical physics.

Author: Karl H. E. Kroemer
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 303040627X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 385

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Book Description
This fifth edition of “Engineering Physiology” has the same purpose as the earlier prints: to provide physiological information which engineers, designers, supervisors, managers and other planners need to make work and equipment “fit the human.” Chapters have been revised, figures and tables updated. New material discusses, among other topics, models of the human body that provide practical and design-oriented information, biomechanics describing the body’s capabilities and limitations, effects of shift work / sleep loss on attitude and performance, and new techniques to measure body sizes and the resultant changes in applications of that information. The book does not replace standard (biological-medical-chemical) textbooks on human physiology; instead, it provides information on human features and functions which are basic to ergonomics or human (factors) engineering, terms often used interchangeably. It helps lay the foundations for teamwork among engineers and physiologists, biologists and physicians. Bioengineering topics concern bones and tissues, neural networks, biochemical processes, bio- and anthromechanics, biosensors, perception of information and related actions, to mention just a few areas of common interest. Such understanding provides the underpinnings for devising work tasks, tools, workplaces, vehicles, work-rest schedules, human-machine systems, homes and designed environments so that we humans can work and live safely, efficiently and comfortably.

Author: Andrew W Wood
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1466552794
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 782

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Book Description
Physiology, Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering provides a multidisciplinary understanding of biological phenomena and the instrumentation for monitoring these phenomena. It covers the physical phenomena of electricity, pressure, and flow along with the adaptation of the physics of the phenomena to the special conditions and constraints of biological systems. While the text focuses on human biological systems, some of the principles also apply to plants, bacteria, and other animals. The first section of the book presents a general introduction to physiological systems and describes specialized methods used to record electrical events from biological tissue. The next part examines molecules involved in cell transport and signaling as well as the proteins relevant in cells’ ability to contract and generate tension. The text goes on to cover the properties of the heart, blood, and circulation and the monitoring of cardiac and circulatory function. It then discusses the importance of the interrelationship of pressures and flows in organ systems, such as the lungs and kidneys, and details the organization and function of the nervous system. After focusing on the systems used to monitor signals, the book explores modeling, biomechanics, and emerging technologies, including the progressive miniaturization of sensors and actuators in biomedical engineering. Developed from the authors’ courses in medical biophysics and biomedical instrumentation, this book shows how biophysics and biomedical engineering have advanced modern medicine. It brings together the physical principles underlying human physiological processes and the physical methods used to monitor these processes. Requiring only basic mathematical knowledge, the text supplements mathematical formulae with qualitative explanations and illustrations to encourage an intuitive grasp on the processes discussed.

Author: K. H. E. Kroemer
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 9780471287988
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 338

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Book Description
Engineering Physiology Bases of Human Factors/Ergonomics How tall are people nowadays? How far can we reach? How high do we sit? How strongly do we push with a hand or foot? How does the body develop strength? What are our work capabilities? How can we measure and judge them? How can we, at the same time, make work easy and effective? Engineering Physiology, Third Edition, describes the bases of human factors and ergonomics by providing answers to these and many other questions concerning the size, build, and functioning of the human body at work. This information is presented in clear, concise language, not in the jargon of physiology, biology, or medicine; it does not require background knowledge from the reader, just interest--and it is interesting to read. This practical guide shows how the body monitors itself, how it reacts to workloads and environmental stresses such as heat or cold, humidity, and wind. Each chapter focuses on real-world applications of specific physiological knowledge in the workplace to help assure high performance with minimal effort. A wealth of information on anthropometry is also included, exploring the size and mobility of the human body and the various ways of designing for different sizes--there is no "average" person. There is a thorough discussion of the architecture, functioning, and biomechanics of bones, joints, muscles, tendons, and ligaments. It becomes clear how they develop forces and torques and move the body at work or sports. Overhead work, or sitting and standing still for a long time, is fatiguing: the team of authors explains why. Our bodies prefer dynamic activities to sustained static effort: we want to move about. The book explains energy extraction from food and drink, what efforts the body is capable of, and how this depends on the cooperation of respiratory, circulatory, and metabolic systems. It points out ways of measuring and assessing a person's ability to work and continue working, such as the observation of a subject's breathing rate, heart beat rate, and oxygen consumption. The effects of environmental conditions (heat, cold, humidity, air movement) and of shift work (day, evening, and night work) on task performance are discussed in practical terms. There are advantages, and some drawbacks, to "compressed work weeks" and "flextime"! The Third Edition of Engineering Physiology has new information on body size and how to fit equipment to it. The book describes how we develop muscle strength and transmit it along the limbs to a handle or pedal--and how to design for that application of force or torque. It explains what happens in repetitive trauma and how to avoid "carpal tunnel syndrome." What can we expect from "reengineering" the body; how can artificial joints replace worn out hips and knees? The third edition of this successful book provides numerous ideas to human factors engineers, designers, managers, industrial hygienists, safety personnel, plant engineers and supervisors, students, and anyone else interested in the ergonomics of "fitting work to the human body."

Author: Joseph J Feher
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128011548
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 1008

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Book Description
Quantitative Human Physiology: An Introduction is the first text to meet the needs of the undergraduate bioengineering student who is being exposed to physiology for the first time, but requires a more analytical/quantitative approach. This book explores how component behavior produces system behavior in physiological systems. Through text explanation, figures, and equations, it provides the engineering student with a basic understanding of physiological principles with an emphasis on quantitative aspects. Features a quantitative approach that includes physical and chemical principles Provides a more integrated approach from first principles, integrating anatomy, molecular biology, biochemistry and physiology Includes clinical applications relevant to the biomedical engineering student (TENS, cochlear implants, blood substitutes, etc.) Integrates labs and problem sets to provide opportunities for practice and assessment throughout the course NEW FOR THE SECOND EDITION Expansion of many sections to include relevant information Addition of many new figures and re-drawing of other figures to update our understanding and clarify difficult areas Substantial updating of the text to reflect newer research results Addition of several new appendices including statistics, nomenclature of transport carriers, and structural biology of important items such as the neuromuscular junction and calcium release unit Addition of new problems within the problem sets Addition of commentary to power point presentations

Author: Manuela E Gomes
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128016000
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 470

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Book Description
Tendon Regeneration: Understanding Tissue Physiology and Development to Engineer Functional Substitutes is the first book to highlight the multi-disciplinary nature of this specialized field and the importance of collaboration between medical and engineering laboratories in the development of tissue-oriented products for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine (TERM) strategies. Beginning with a foundation in developmental biology, the book explores physiology, pathology, and surgical reconstruction, providing guidance on biological approaches that enhances tendon regeneration practices. Contributions from scientists, clinicians, and engineers who are the leading figures in their respective fields present recent findings in tendon stem cells, cell therapies, and scaffold treatments, as well as examples of pre-clinical models for translational therapies and a view of the future of the field. Provides an overview of tendon biology, disease, and tissue engineering approaches Presents modern, alternative approaches to developing functional tissue solutions discussed Includes valuable information for those interested in tissue engineering, tissue regeneration, tissue physiology, and regenerative medicine Explores physiology, pathology, and surgical reconstruction, building a natural progression that enhances tendon regeneration practices Covers recent findings in tendon stem cells, cell therapies, and scaffold treatments, as well as examples of pre-clinical models for translational therapies and a view of the future of the field

Author: Roberto Merletti
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 9780471675808
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 520

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Book Description
A complete overview of electromyography with contributions from pacesetters in the field In recent years, insights from the field of engineering have illuminated the vast potential of electromyography (EMG) in biomedical technology. Featuring contributions from key innovators working in the field today, Electromyography reveals the broad applications of EMG data in areas as diverse as neurology, ergonomics, exercise physiology, rehabilitation, movement analysis, biofeedback, and myoelectric control of prosthesis. Bridging the gap between engineering and physiology, this pioneering volume explains the essential concepts needed to detect, understand, process, and interpret EMG signals using non-invasive electrodes. Electromyography shows how engineering tools such as models and signal processing methods can greatly augment the insight provided by surface EMG signals. Topics covered include: Basic physiology and biophysics of EMG generation Needle and surface electrode detection techniques Signal conditioning and processing issues Single- and multi-channel techniques for information extraction Development and application of physical models Advanced signal processing techniques With its fresh engineering perspective, Electromyography offers physiologists, medical professionals, and students in biomedical engineering a new window into the far-reaching possibilities of this dynamic technology.

Author: Suresh R. Devasahayam
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461453321
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 395

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Book Description
The use of digital signal processing is ubiquitous in the field of physiology and biomedical engineering. The application of such mathematical and computational tools requires a formal or explicit understanding of physiology. Formal models and analytical techniques are interlinked in physiology as in any other field. This book takes a unitary approach to physiological systems, beginning with signal measurement and acquisition, followed by signal processing, linear systems modelling, and computer simulations. The signal processing techniques range across filtering, spectral analysis and wavelet analysis. Emphasis is placed on fundamental understanding of the concepts as well as solving numerical problems. Graphs and analogies are used extensively to supplement the mathematics. Detailed models of nerve and muscle at the cellular and systemic levels provide examples for the mathematical methods and computer simulations. Several of the models are sufficiently sophisticated to be of value in understanding real world issues like neuromuscular disease. This second edition features expanded problem sets and a link to extra downloadable material.

Author: Willem van Meurs
Publisher: McGraw Hill Professional
ISBN: 0071714464
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 224

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Book Description
THEORY AND PRACTICE OF MODELING AND SIMULATING HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY Written by a coinventor of the Human Patient Simulator (HPS) and past president of the Society in Europe for Simulation Applied to Medicine (SESAM), Modeling and Simulation in Biomedical Engineering: Applications in Cardiorespiratory Physiology is a compact and consistent introduction to this expanding field. The book divides the modeling and simulation process into five manageable steps--requirements, conceptual models, mathematical models, software implementation, and simulation results and validation. A framework and a basic set of deterministic, continuous-time models for the cardiorespiratory system are provided. This timely resource also addresses advanced topics, including sensitivity analysis and setting model requirements as part of an encompassing simulation and simulator design. Practical examples provide you with the skills to evaluate and adapt existing physiologic models or create new ones for specific applications. Coverage includes: Signals and systems Model requirements Conceptual models Mathematical models Software implementation Simulation results and model validation Cardiorespiratory system model Circulation Respiration Physiologic control Sensitivity analysis of a cardiovascular model Design of model-driven acute care training simulators “Uniquely qualified to author such a text, van Meurs is one of the original developers of CAE Healthcare’s Human Patient Simulator (HPS). ...His understanding of mathematics, human physiology, pharmacology, control systems, and systems engineering, combined with a conversational writing style, results in a readable text. ...The ample illustrations and tables also break up the text and make reading the book easier on the eyes. ...concise yet in conversational style, with real-life examples. This book is highly recommended for coursework in physiologic modeling and for all who are interested in simulator design and development. The book pulls all these topics together under one cover and is an important contribution to biomedical literature.” --IEEE Pulse, January 2014 “This book is written by a professional engineer who is unique in that he seems to have a natural understanding of 3 key areas as follows: the hardware involved with simulators, human physiology, and mathematical modeling. Willem van Meurs is one of the inventors of the model-driven human patient simulator (HPS), and so, he is very qualified to write this book. The book is written in a clear way, using the first person throughout, in a conversational manner, with a style that involves posing questions and answering them in subsequent text. ...The book starts with a very useful introduction and background chapter, setting out the scene for the rest of the book. ...I have used his book in enhancing my own talks and understanding human patient simulation and can strongly recommend it.” --Simulation in Healthcare December, 2012 Reviewed by Mark A. Tooley, Ph.D., Department of Medical Physics and Bioengineering, Royal United Hospital, Combe Park, Bath, UK.

Author: Irving P. Herman
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319239325
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 953

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Book Description
This book comprehensively addresses the physics and engineering aspects of human physiology by using and building on first-year college physics and mathematics. Topics include the mechanics of the static body and the body in motion, the mechanical properties of the body, muscles in the body, the energetics of body metabolism, fluid flow in the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, the acoustics of sound waves in speaking and hearing, vision and the optics of the eye, the electrical properties of the body, and the basic engineering principles of feedback and control in regulating all aspects of function. The goal of this text is to clearly explain the physics issues concerning the human body, in part by developing and then using simple and subsequently more refined models of the macrophysics of the human body. Many chapters include a brief review of the underlying physics. There are problems at the end of each chapter; solutions to selected problems are also provided. This second edition enhances the treatments of the physics of motion, sports, and diseases and disorders, and integrates discussions of these topics as they appear throughout the book. Also, it briefly addresses physical measurements of and in the body, and offers a broader selection of problems, which, as in the first edition, are geared to a range of student levels. This text is geared to undergraduates interested in physics, medical applications of physics, quantitative physiology, medicine, and biomedical engineering.