Fondements naturels de l'éthique PDF Download

Author: Jean-Pierre Changeux
Publisher: Odile Jacob
ISBN: 2738184049
Category : Philosophy
Languages : fr
Pages : 338

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Book Description
Sur quoi reposent les normes éthiques ? Comment expliquer l'universalité de l'exigence morale chez les hommes en dépit des différences qui séparent les mœurs ? Les sciences biologiques, à défaut de fonder une morale naturelle, peuvent-elles indiquer des voies de recherche ? Sur ce thème, Jean-Pierre Changeux, aujourd'hui président du Comité national d'éthique, a réuni des philosophes, des psychologues, des anthropologues, des juristes, des neurobiologistes dans le cadre d'un grand colloque organisé en 1991 par la Fondation pour la recherche médicale. Cet ouvrage présente une synthèse de ces travaux particulièrement novateurs en France.

Author: Jean-Pierre Changeux
Publisher: Odile Jacob
ISBN: 9782738102256
Category : Science
Languages : fr
Pages : 336

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Book Description
Sur quoi reposent les normes éthiques ? Comment expliquer l’universalité de l’exigence morale chez les hommes en dépit des différences qui séparent les mœurs ? Les sciences biologiques, à défaut de fonder une morale naturelle, peuvent-elles indiquer des voies de recherche ? sur ce thème, Jean-Pierre Changeux, l’auteur de L’Homme neuronal, aujourd’hui président du Comité national d’éthique, a réuni des philosophes, des psychologues, des anthropologues, des juristes, des neurobiologistes dans le cadre d’un grand colloque organisé en 1991 par la fondation pour la recherche médicale. Cet ouvrage présente une synthèse de ces travaux particulièrement novateurs en France.

Author:
Publisher: Odile Jacob
ISBN: 2738184030
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 338

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Author: Pierre Blackburn
Publisher: Saint-Laurent, Québec : Éditions du Renouveau pédagogique
ISBN: 9782761306898
Category : Ethics
Languages : fr
Pages : 490

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Pour mieux comprendre les types d'argumentation utilisés en éthique par rapport aux trois écoles suivantes : l'appel au commandement divin, l'appel à ce qui est naturel et l'appel au bien-être commun.

Author: Philippe Crombé
Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing
ISBN: 1527554686
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 847

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Since its development in 1949, radiocarbon dating has increasingly been used in prehistoric research in order to get a better grip on the chronology of sites, cultures and environmental changes. Refinement of the dating, sampling and calibration methods has continuously created new and challenging perspectives for absolute dating. In these proceedings the focus lies on the contribution of carbon-14 dates in current Mesolithic research in North-West Europe. Altogether 40 papers dealing with radiocarbon dates from 15 different countries are presented. Major themes are the typo-technological evolution of lithic and bone industries, changes in settlement patterns, burial practices, demography and subsistence, human impact on the Mesolithic environment and the neolithisation process. Some papers also deal with more methodological aspects of carbon-14 dating (e.g. calculation of various reservoir effects, the use of cumulative calibrated probability distributions), and related techniques (e.g. stable isotope analysis for palaeodiet reconstruction).

Author: Jean-Pierre Changeux
Publisher: Princeton University Press
ISBN: 069123826X
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 346

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Will understanding our brains help us to know our minds? Or is there an unbridgeable distance between the work of neuroscience and the workings of human consciousness? In a remarkable exchange between neuroscientist Jean-Pierre Changeux and philosopher Paul Ricoeur, this book explores the vexed territory between these divergent approaches--and comes to a deeper, more complex perspective on human nature. Ranging across diverse traditions, from phrenology to PET scans and from Spinoza to Charles Taylor, What Makes Us Think? revolves around a central issue: the relation between the facts (or "what is") of science and the prescriptions (or "what ought to be") of ethics. Changeux and Ricoeur ask: Will neuroscientific knowledge influence our moral conduct? Is a naturally based ethics possible? Pursuing these questions, they attack key topics at the intersection of philosophy and neuroscience: What are the relations between brain states and psychological experience? Between language and truth? Memory and culture? Behavior and action? What is a mental representation? How does a sign relate to what it signifies? How might subjective experience be constructed rather than discovered? And can biological or cultural evolution be considered progressive? Throughout, Changeux and Ricoeur provide unprecedented insight into what neuroscience can--and cannot--tell us about the nature of human experience. Changeux and Ricoeur bring an unusual depth of engagement and breadth of knowledge to each other's subject. In doing so, they make two often hostile disciplines speak to one another in surprising and instructive ways--and speak with all the subtlety and passion of conversation at its very best.

Author: Jean-Claude Guillebaud
Publisher: Algora Publishing
ISBN: 1892941333
Category : Civilization
Languages : en
Pages : 352

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OC [A leading French Christian writer, ] Guillebaud leads the search for the Greek, Jewish and Christian roots of our fundamental Western values. . . an erudite and frank analysis of the perverse trends that undermine morality today and calls for a revolutio"

Author: Sissela Bok
Publisher: University of Missouri Press
ISBN: 9780826214256
Category : Ethics
Languages : en
Pages : 158

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In Common Values, now with a new preface, Bok writes eloquently and clearly while combining moral theory with practical ethics, demonstrating how moral values apply to all facets of life--personal, professional, domestic, and international. Drawing on a great deal of historical material, Bok also includes in her examination consideration of the 1993 United Nations World Conference on Human Rights; the World Parliament of Religions; the publication of Veritatis Splendor, Pope John Paul II's proclamation on morality; and the International Commission of Global Governance. Bok's defense of shared morality addresses a crucial topic for our time.

Author: Ruwen Ogien
Publisher: Columbia University Press
ISBN: 023153924X
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 251

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Book Description
Human Kindness and the Smell of Warm Croissants makes philosophy fun, tactile, and popular. Moral thinking is simple, Ruwen Ogien argues, and as inherent as the senses. In our daily experiences, in the situations we confront and in the scenes we witness, we develop an understanding of right and wrong as sophisticated as the moral outlook of the world's most gifted philosophers. By drawing on this knowledge to navigate life's most perplexing problems, ethics becomes second nature. Ogien explores, through experimental philosophy and other methods, the responses nineteen real-world conundrums provoke. Is a short, mediocre life better than no life at all? Is it acceptable to kill a healthy person so his organs can save five others? Would you swap a "natural" life filled with frustration, disappointment, and partial success for a world in which all of your needs are met, but through artificial and mechanical means? Ogien doesn't seek to show how difficult it is to determine right from wrong or how easy it is for humans to become monsters or react like saints. Helping us tap into the wisdom and feeling we already possess in our ethical "toolboxes," Ogien instead encourages readers to question moral presuppositions and rules; embrace an intuitive sense of dignity, virtue, and justice; and pursue a pluralist ethics suited to the principles of human kindness.

Author: Raymond Boudon
Publisher: Transaction Publishers
ISBN: 1412838142
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 237

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Book Description
Values have always been a central topic in both philosophy and the social sciences. Statements about what is good or bad, fair or unfair, legitimate or illegitimate, express clear beliefs about human existence. The fact that values differ from culture to culture and century to century opens many questions. In The Origin of Values, Raymond Boudon offers empirical, data-based analysis of existing theories about values, while developing his own perspective as to why people accept or reject value statements. Boudon classifies the main theories of value, including those based on firm belief, social or biological factors, and rational or utilitarian attitudes. He discusses the popular and widely influential Rational Choice Model and critiques the postmodernist approach. Boudon investigates why relativism has become so powerful and contrasts it with the naturalism represented by the work of James Q. Wilson on moral sensibility. He follows with a constructive attempt to develop a new theory, beginning with Weber’s idea of non-instrumental rationality as the basis for a more complex idea of rationality. Applying Boudon’s own and existing theories of value to political issues and social ideas—the end of apartheid, the death penalty, multiculturalism, communitarianism—The Origin of Values is a significant work. Boudon fulfills a major task of social science: explanation of collective belief. His book will be of interest to sociologists, philosophers, psychologists, and political scientists.