Natural Organic Matter and Disinfection By-Products PDF Download

Author: Sylvia E. Barrett
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780841218093
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 449

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Author: R. A. Minear
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 482

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Book Description
As part of the effort to balance water treatment processes between allowing pathogenic infection by doing too little, and raising the risk of cancer with by-products of the treatment, 20 papers from a symposium in Chicago, August 1995, present information on the chemical identity of natural organic matter and its interactions with the inorganic precursor bromide ion. They review the history of natural organic matter in water treatment and the impact of regulations, then plunge into reports on an economical experimental approach to developing predictive models for by-products of disinfection, a comparison of analytical techniques for determining cyanogen chloride in chloraminated drinking water, the effect of ozonation and biotreatment on molecular size and hydrophilic fractions of natural organic matter, removing bromate ion by electric-arc discharge and high-energy electron beam processes, and other topics. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR

Author: Yuefeng Xie
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 0203486919
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 180

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Book Description
The EPA has established regulations which classify four types of disinfection byproducts - TTHMs, haloacetic acids, bromate, and chlorite - and requires public water systems limit these byproducts to specific levels. Most of the information required to comply with these standards is either scattered throughout the literature or derived from confere

Author: Jean-Phillipe Croue
Publisher: American Water Works Association
ISBN: 1583210156
Category : Drinking water
Languages : en
Pages : 372

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Book Description
The research reported on here sought to characterize natural organic matter (NOM) in dilute solutions and to isolate it without altering its properties, so that the effect of NOM in drinking water may be considered. Several NOM isolation methods were evaluated, including evaporation, reverse osmosis, nanofiltration, and adsorption. The effects of such isolation procedures on NOM's chemical composition and reactivity were considered. Based on these studies, the report presents conclusions regarding the feasibility and adequacy of in situ and ex situ techniques. Croue is affiliated with Laboratoire de Chimie de l'Eau de l'Environment, Universite de Poiters. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR.

Author:
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0444643443
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 180

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Book Description
Drinking water disinfection has markedly reduced diseases causes by waterborne pathogenic microorganisms. However, an unintended consequence of disinfection and/or oxidation processes is the generation of disinfection byproducts (DBPs) which are formed from the reactions of disinfectants/oxidants with water matrix components. This volume of the Comprehensive Analytical Chemistry Handbook presents recent advances about the formation, identification, and quantification of inorganic and organic DBPs during oxidative processes. The book begins with a first chapter reviewing the most recent non-targeted screening approaches and workflows to characterize DBPs using low-, high-, and ultra-high-resolution mass spectrometry. The second chapter discusses the analysis of inorganic chloramines in waters using on-site and/or in-lab analytical methods. The third chapter provides an overview of the current knowledge about the mechanisms of chlorine dioxide reactions and byproducts formation. The fourth chapter presents some fundamental and practical aspects about ozonation processes in water treatment and provides an overview about ozone reaction mechanisms and byproducts formation. The fifth chapter focuses on the reactivity of halide ions, particularly bromide and iodide, with common oxidants and the role they play in determining the speciation of DBPs in treated waters. The chapter also presents strategies to mitigate the formation of DBPs during oxidation processes. Finally, the last chapter tackles the topic of DBPs formation during potable water reuse. It discusses the formation of DBPs of major concern in both memebrane-based and non-membrane-based potable water reuse treatment schemes. Researchers, water treatment specialists, and regulators will find in this book a valuable and compact resource on several key topics regarding the formation, identification, quantification, and mitigation of DBPs. Identification and quantification of known and unknown DBPs Formation of DBPs during different disinfection/oxidation processes DBPs of concern in new technologies and/or new applications of existing technologies in water treatment

Author: Mika Sillanpää
Publisher: Butterworth-Heinemann
ISBN: 0128017198
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 382

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Book Description
Approximately 77 percent of the freshwater used in the United States comes from surface-water sources and is subject to natural organic matter contamination according to the United States Geological Survey. This presents a distinct challenge to water treatment engineers. An essential resource to the latest breakthroughs in the characterization, treatment and removal of natural organic matter (NOM) from drinking water, Natural Organic Matter in Waters: Characterization and Treatment Methods focuses on advance filtration and treatment options, and processes for reducing disinfection byproducts. Based on the author’s years of research and field experience, this book begins with the characterization of NOM including: general parameters, isolation and concentration, fractionation, composition and structural analysis and biological testing. This is followed by removal methods such as inorganic coagulants, polyelectrolytes and composite coagulants. Electrochemical and membranes removal methods such as: electrocoagulation, electrochemical oxidation, microfiltration and ultrafiltration, nanofiltration and membrane fouling. Covers conventional as well as advanced NOM removal methods Includes characterization methods of NOM Explains removal methods such as: removal by coagulation, electrochemical, advanced oxidation, and integrated methods

Author: Sylvia E. Barrett
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 448

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Book Description
There are many by-products of water disinfection that are still not fully understood and can be potentially harmful. In this volume all the current research in this area is discussed, along with an examination of the role of NOM (natural organic matter) and its relationship to DBP (disinfection by-product) formation and control in drinking water. Understanding the relationship of NOM to DBP may well lead to new techniques for analyzing and treating water and enable reasonable choices to be made for source-water protection, treatment plant process optimization, and distribution system operation to control DBP's. This volume emphasizes the characterization and reactivity of polar natural organic matter. It examines analytical methods which better characterize NOM and determines some of the polar and nonvolatile DBP forms. It presents innovative new methods, sich as capillary electrophoresis for haloacetic aceids and LC/MS for the identification of polar dinking water DBPs.

Author: K. Clive Thompson
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry
ISBN: 1782620885
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 368

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Book Description
Covering the latest developments in themes related to water disinfection by-products, this book aims to bring the reader right up to date. Stemming from an international conference, contributions are from decision-makers, regulators and the relevant scientific community. It will be of interest to water companies, public health professionals, drinking water quality regulators, suppliers of laboratory and on-line monitoring equipment, analytical chemists, and academic and industry researchers working in the area of disinfection by-products.

Author: M.N.V. Prasad
Publisher: Butterworth-Heinemann
ISBN: 0081029772
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 490

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Book Description
Disinfection Byproducts in Drinking Water: Detection and Treatment presents cutting-edge research on how to understand the procedures, processes and considerations for detecting and treating disinfection by-products from drinking water, swimming pool water, and wastewater. The book begins with an overview of the different groups of Disinfection Byproducts (DBPs), such as: Trihalomethanes (THM), Halo acetic acids, and Haloacetonitrile (HAN). This coverage is quickly followed by a clear and rigorous exposition of the latest methods and technologies for the characterization, occurrence, formation, transformation and removal of DBPs in drinking water. Other chapters focus on ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, electron spin resonance, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Researchers will find a valuable resource to a breath of topics for DBP detection and treatment, including various recent techniques, such as microfiltration, nanofiltration membrane and nanotechnology. Explains the latest research in detection, treatment processes and remediation technologies Includes sampling, analytical and characterization methods and approaches Covers cutting-edge research, including membrane based technologies, nanotechnology treatment technologies and bioremediation treatment technologies Provides background information regarding contamination sources

Author: Tanju Karanfil
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 434

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Book Description
This book is a collection of chapters on the latest international research findings, including emerging issues and state-of-the-art studies, related to disinfection by-product formation and control in drinking waters and treated wastewaters.