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Author: Robert M. Jiobu Publisher: SUNY Press ISBN: 9780791403655 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 220
Book Description
This book is a study of the relationship between ethnicity and socioeconomic status. it is the first to empirically study both the white and nonwhite underclass. Jiobu uses United States census data on twenty ethnic groups including specific white groups and specific nonwhite groups. Using the 1980 national census, which contains information on ancestry for the first time, Jiobu demonstrates that it is possible to define ethnic groups in new ways, such as drawing a distinction between race and ethnicity. Ethnicity and Inequality tests numerous theories and examines several important questions for ethnic relations: What is the demographic structure underlying the various groups? How can ethnicity, sex, and inequality be explained? Who gains from ethnic inequality? The author concludes by outlining a way to draw the diversity of findings under a single theoretical umbrella.
Author: Robert M. Jiobu Publisher: SUNY Press ISBN: 9780791403655 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 220
Book Description
This book is a study of the relationship between ethnicity and socioeconomic status. it is the first to empirically study both the white and nonwhite underclass. Jiobu uses United States census data on twenty ethnic groups including specific white groups and specific nonwhite groups. Using the 1980 national census, which contains information on ancestry for the first time, Jiobu demonstrates that it is possible to define ethnic groups in new ways, such as drawing a distinction between race and ethnicity. Ethnicity and Inequality tests numerous theories and examines several important questions for ethnic relations: What is the demographic structure underlying the various groups? How can ethnicity, sex, and inequality be explained? Who gains from ethnic inequality? The author concludes by outlining a way to draw the diversity of findings under a single theoretical umbrella.
Author: Scott Sernau Publisher: Pine Forge Press ISBN: 1412977916 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 377
Book Description
Worlds Apart: Social Inequality in a Global Age, Third Edition is intended as the primary text for upper-level undergraduate and graduate students who are enrolled in Social Stratification and Inequality courses, primarily taught in Sociology departments. This book focuses primarily on social inequalities in the American context. However, a trend in this course is how the global inequalities are effecting, and affected by social stratification and inequality in America. This edition reflects that trend.
Author: Louise Warwick-Booth Publisher: SAGE ISBN: 1529785839 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 444
Book Description
This book provides up to date discussion and evidence about inequalities, social divisions and stratification. Its innovative style engages readers and encourages them to reflect upon the many dimensions of social inequality. This updated third edition contains: Three new chapters on employment, sexualities and migration Updated coverage of intersectionality throughout Thirteen new in-depth case studies (one per chapter) This is a must read as a key introductory companion for students who wish to understand the dynamics of contemporary social inequality. Louise Warwick-Booth is a Reader at the School of Health, Leeds Beckett University
Author: Pasquale Tridico Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1317372093 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 283
Book Description
Recently, the issue of inequality has regained attention in the economic and political debate. This is due to both an increase in income inequality, in particular among rich countries, and an increasing interest in this issue by researchers and politicians. In the last three decades, income inequality among rich countries increased. This period also witnessed the growth of "financial capitalism", characterised by the strong dependency of economies on the financial sector, by the globalisation and intensification of international trade and capital mobility, and by the "flexibilisation" of labour markets and the reduction of wage shares. From the 1980s to the present day, this book considers the theoretical aspects of inequality (its foundations, definitions, approaches and origins) and examines empirical evidence of income inequality in a wide range of advanced economies. The key arguments in this volume are that income inequality increased during this period because labour and welfare became seen as costs to be compressed in "financial capitalism" rather than as a fundamental part of aggregate demand to be expanded. However, the welfare state is not a drain on economic performance and competitiveness, nor is it a barrier to economic efficiency. Instead, it is demonstrated that in countries that adopt "welfare capitalism", welfare state expenditure not only contributes to a reduction in inequality but also fosters economic growth. Inequality in Financial Capitalism is of great importance to those who study economics, political economy, labour economics and globalisation.
Author: Juzhong Zhuang Publisher: Anthem Press ISBN: 1843318458 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 493
Book Description
"Asia's governments understand that growing inequality threatens stability and future prospects, but are struggling to find ways to promote better distribution without distorting economic incentives. This book is a thoughtful and scholarly presentation of the issues and solutions, and offers a way through the policy maze. It is a practical response to Asian `suffering, and a welcome balance to the growing number of books celebrating `shining' Asia." Homi Kharas Senior Fellow, Global Economy and Development, Wolfensohn Center for Development Brookings institution "Building on an innovative conceptual framework that sees inclusive growth as economic growth coupled with declining inequality of opportunity, the authors capably address measurement and policy design questions. The book should be essential reading for scholars, students, and practitioners of recent social and economic development in Asia." Francisco H. G. Ferreira Deputy Chief Economist for Latin America, The World Bank "This book presents a compelling case for making growth more inclusive in Asia and a unique view of key elements of an inclusive growth strategy for the region." Justin Yifu Lin Chief Economist, the World Bank "How to make economic growth work to the benefit of a wide group of citizens is one of the central challenges of economic development This book contains important analysis and insights into how this challenge can be met. It will be of interest to both researchers and policy makers." Timothy Besley Kuwait Professor of Economics and Political Science, London School of Economics and Political Science "This volume presents a comprehensive and through discussion of the extent and patterns of poverty and inequality in developing Asia, examines the concept and empirical dimensions of inclusive growth for the region, and draws policy implications for countries and international agencies. It is a valuable guide for researchers and practitioners alike." Ravi Kanbur I.H. Lee Professor of World Affairs, international Professor of Applied Economics, Professor of Economics, Cornell University ADB's vision is an Asia and Pacific region free of poverty its mission is to help its developing member countries substantially reduce poverty and improve the quality of life of their people Despite the region's many successes, it remains home to two-thirds of the world's poor. 1.8 billion people who live on less than 52 a day, with 903 million struggling on less than 51.25 a day, ADB is committed to reducing poverty through inclusive economic growth, environmentally sustainable growth, and regional integration. Based in Manita, ADB is owned by 67 members, including 48 from the region its main instruments for helping its developing member countries are policy dialogue, loans equity investments guarantees, grants, and technical assistance.
Author: James L. Gibson Publisher: Russell Sage Foundation ISBN: 0871545039 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 379
Book Description
Social scientists have convincingly documented soaring levels of political, legal, economic, and social inequality in the United States. Missing from this picture of rampant inequality, however, is any attention to the significant role of state law and courts in establishing policies that either ameliorate or exacerbate inequality. In Judging Inequality, political scientists James L. Gibson and Michael J. Nelson demonstrate the influential role of the fifty state supreme courts in shaping the widespread inequalities that define America today, focusing on court-made public policy on issues ranging from educational equity and adequacy to LGBT rights to access to justice to worker’s rights. Drawing on an analysis of an original database of nearly 6,000 decisions made by over 900 judges on 50 state supreme courts over a quarter century, Judging Inequality documents two ways that state high courts have crafted policies relevant to inequality: through substantive policy decisions that fail to advance equality and by rulings favoring more privileged litigants (typically known as “upperdogs”). The authors discover that whether court-sanctioned policies lead to greater or lesser inequality depends on the ideologies of the justices serving on these high benches, the policy preferences of their constituents (the people of their state), and the institutional structures that determine who becomes a judge as well as who decides whether those individuals remain in office. Gibson and Nelson decisively reject the conventional theory that state supreme courts tend to protect underdog litigants from the wrath of majorities. Instead, the authors demonstrate that the ideological compositions of state supreme courts most often mirror the dominant political coalition in their state at a given point in time. As a result, state supreme courts are unlikely to stand as an independent force against the rise of inequality in the United States, instead making decisions compatible with the preferences of political elites already in power. At least at the state high court level, the myth of judicial independence truly is a myth. Judging Inequality offers a comprehensive examination of the powerful role that state supreme courts play in shaping public policies pertinent to inequality. This volume is a landmark contribution to scholarly work on the intersection of American jurisprudence and inequality, one that essentially rewrites the “conventional wisdom” on the role of courts in America’s democracy.
Author: Stephen P. Jenkins Publisher: OUP Oxford ISBN: 0191527289 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 324
Book Description
The issues surrounding poverty and inequality continue to be of central concern to academics, politicians and policy makers but the ways in which we seek to study and understand them continue to change over time. This accessible book seeks to provide a guide to some of the new approaches that have been developed in the light of international initiatives to reduce poverty and the notable changes in income inequality and poverty that have occurred across many western countries in recent years. These new approaches have to some degree been facilitated by the emergence of new techniques and a growing availability of data that enable cross national comparisons not only of income but also of measures of welfare such as educational achievement, nutritional status in developing countries and wealth and deprivation indicators in the developed world. Including specially commissioned research from a distinguished list of international authors, this volume makes a real contribution to the public debate surrounding inequality and poverty as well as providing new empirical information about them from around the world.
Author: Sawako Shirahase Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1135934134 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 260
Book Description
Japan was the first Asian country to become a mature industrial society, and throughout the 1970s and the 1980s, was viewed as an ‘all-middle-class society’. However since the 1990s there have been growing doubts as to the real degree of social equality in Japan, particularly in the context of dramatic demographic shifts as the population ages whilst fertility levels continue to fall. This book compares Japan with America, Britain, Italy, France, Germany, Sweden and Taiwan in order to determine whether inequality really is a social problem in Japan. With a focus on impact demographic shifts, Sawako Shirahase examines female labour market participation, income inequality among households with children, the state of the family, generational change, single person households and income distribution among the aged, and asks whether increasing inequality and is uniquely Japanese, or if it is a social problem common across all of the societies included in this study. Crucially, this book shows that Japan is distinctive not in terms of the degree of inequality in the society, but rather, in how acutely inequality is perceived. Further, the data shows that Japan differs from the other countries examined in terms of the gender gap in both the labour market and the family, and in inequality among single-person households – single men and women, including lifelong bachelors and spinsters – and also among single parent households, who pay a heavy price for having deviated from the expected pattern of life in Japan. Drawing on extensive empirical data, this book will be of great interest to students and scholars interested in Japanese culture and society, Japanese studies and social policy more generally.
Author: Ricardo Paes de Barros Publisher: World Bank Publications ISBN: 0821377469 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 220
Book Description
Equality of opportunity is about leveling the playing field so that circumstances such as gender, ethnicity, place of birth, or family background do not influence a person s life chances. Success in life should depend on people s choices, effort and talents, not to their circumstances at birth. 'Measuring Inequality of Opportunities in Latin America and the Caribbean' introduces new methods for measuring inequality of opportunities and makes an assessment of its evolution in Latin America over a decade. An innovative Human Opportunity Index and other parametric and non-parametric techniques are presented for quantifying inequality based on circumstances exogenous to individual efforts. These methods are applied to gauge inequality of opportunities in access to basic services for children, learning achievement for youth, and income and consumption for adults.
Author: Yunbo Zhou Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3642249523 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 204
Book Description
The subject of this book is discussing the income inequality of Chinese residents, its change and the factors that impact it. In this book all kinds of quantitative methods, including decomposing Gini Coefficients method, Fei-Ranis method, two-sectors model and other econometric models. Some special features are that in this book, a two-sectors model was set up to analyze the impact of population migration from urban areas to rural areas on income inequality of total residents, and the inverted U hypothesis was tested by time-series regression model. The inverted U hypothesis is supported by the change of income inequality of Chinese total residents which is different from the conclusion of present reaches. In additional, the impact of rent-seeking income on inequality was discussed, an economic mode was founded to explain the causes of rent-seeking activities in China’s present stage.
Author: Robert M. Jiobu
Author: Robert M. Jiobu
Author: Scott Sernau
Author: Louise Warwick-Booth
Author: Pasquale Tridico
Author: Juzhong Zhuang
Author: James L. Gibson
Author: Stephen P. Jenkins
Author: Sawako Shirahase
Author: Ricardo Paes de Barros
Author: Yunbo Zhou