Author: Lisa Algazi Marcus Publisher: Liverpool University Press ISBN: 1802070648 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 176
Book Description
Should all mothers breast-feed their children? This question remains controversial in the twenty-first century. In an interview with the newspaper Liberation in 2010, feminist philosopher Elisabeth Badinter claimed that the pressure to breast-feed signified “a reduction of woman to the status of an animal species, as though we were all female chimpanzees.” The debate over maternal nursing held even more urgency before pasteurization provided a safe alternative in the early 1900s. While scholars of literary criticism and art history have described the abundance of breast-feeding imagery following the publication of Rousseau’s Emile in 1762, little has been written on its manifestations in the nineteenth century. Despite an ongoing propaganda campaign to encourage mothers to nurse, reflected in such diverse sources as medical theses, paintings, and fictional cautionary tales, French mothers continued to entrust their infants to wet nurses more often and for longer than was the norm in other European countries throughout the nineteenth century and well into the twentieth. This book examines representations of breast-feeding in French literature and culture from 1800 to 1900 and their apparent dissonance with the socio-historical realities of French mothers.
Author: LISA. ALGAZI MARCUS Publisher: ISBN: 9781835537176 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Despite an ongoing propaganda campaign to encourage women to nurse, Frenchwomen continued to entrust their infants to wet nurses far longer than was the norm in other European countries. This book examines representations of breast-feeding in French literature and culture from 1800 to 1900 and their apparent dissonance with the socio-historical realities of French mothers.
Author: Sarah A. Curtis Publisher: Oxford University Press ISBN: 9780199780266 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 384
Book Description
Civilizing Habits explores the life stories of three French women missionaries--Philippine Duchesne, Emilie de Vialar, and Anne-Marie Javouhey--who crossed boundaries, both real and imagined, to evangelize far from France's shores. In so doing, they helped France reestablish a global empire after the dislocation of the Revolution and the fall of Napoleon. They also pioneered a new missionary era in which the educational, charity, and health care services provided by women became valuable tools for spreading Catholic influence across the globe. Philippine Duchesne traveled to former French territory in Missouri in 1818 to proselytize among Native Americans. Thwarted by the American policy of removing tribes even further west, she turned her attention to girls' education on the frontier. Emilie de Vialar followed French troops to Algeria after its conquest and opened missions throughout the Mediterranean basin in the mid-nineteenth century. Prevented from direct evangelization, she developed strategies and subterfuges for working among Muslim populations. Anne-Marie Javouhey evangelized among Africans in the French slave colonies, including a utopian settlement in the wilds of French Guiana. She became a rare Catholic proponent of the abolition of slavery and a woman designated a "great man" by the French king. Paradoxically, through embracing religious institutions designed to shield their femininity, these women gained increased authority to travel outside France, challenge church power, and evangelize among non-Christians, all roles more commonly ascribed to male missionaries. Their stories teach us about the life paths open to religious women in the nineteenth century and how both church and state benefitted from their initiative to expand the boundaries of faith and nation.
Author: Jessica Bomarito Publisher: Nineteenth-Century Literature ISBN: 9780787686383 Category : Literary Criticism Languages : en Pages : 504
Book Description
Presents literary criticism on the works of nineteenth-century writers of all genres, nations, and cultures. Critical essays are selected from leading sources, including published journals, magazines, books, reviews, diaries, broadsheets, pamphlets, and scholarly papers. Criticism includes early views from the author's lifetime as well as later views, including extensive collections of contemporary analysis.
Author: Anne E. Linton Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 1009062816 Category : Literary Criticism Languages : en Pages : 265
Book Description
During the nineteenth century, words like 'intersex' and 'trans' had not yet been invented to describe individuals whose bodies, or senses of self, conflicted with binary sex. But that does not mean that such people did not exist. In nineteenth-century France, case studies filled medical journals, high-profile trials captured headlines, and doctors staked their reputations on sex determinations only to have them later reversed by colleagues. While medical experts fought over what separated a man from a woman, novelists began to explore debates about binary sex and describe the experiences of gender-ambiguous characters. Anne Linton discusses over 200 newly-uncovered case studies while offering fresh readings of literature by several famous writers of the period, as well as long-overlooked popular fiction. This landmark contribution to the history of sexuality is the first book to examine intersex in both medicine and literature, sensitively relating historical 'hermaphrodism' to contemporary intersex activism and scholarship.
Author: Lisa G. Algazi Publisher: ISBN: 9780773475830 Category : Mothers in literature Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
This study examines the ways in which Stendhal's treatment of maternal figures is both revolutionary and prophetic. It contends that Stendhal was the first French writer to give mothers the opportunity to be both maternal and sexual beings simultaneously, breaking the traditional mould of the Madonna/whore dichotomy. Approaching the question of maternal identity from a perspective of feminist psychoanalytic criticism, based on the theories of Nancy Chodorow and Julia Kristeva, among others, the study begins with an overview of maternal figures in French literature form Rabelais to Rousseau, stressing the traditional Western image of the Madonna and its corresponding psychoanalytic paradigms. It then examines maternal figures from the Stendhalian novel, including Armance, Mme. De Renal, and Clelia Conti, concluding with a detailed analysis of Stendhal's portrayal of mothers that marks him as a revolutionary figure in feminist literary history.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 48
Book Description
The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists is the premier public resource on scientific and technological developments that impact global security. Founded by Manhattan Project Scientists, the Bulletin's iconic "Doomsday Clock" stimulates solutions for a safer world.
Author: Kari Weil Publisher: ISBN: 022668637X Category : Animals and civilization Languages : en Pages : 236
Book Description
"Kari Weil's new book takes readers back to an era when horses were an inescapable part of daily life and when horse ownership became an increasingly realizable dream, not just for soldiers, but for middle-class (bourgeois) boys and girls. It charts the rise of the horse as an integral part of daily life in Paris (as work, sport, and food) and the social, political, and affective changes that brought about and followed from the presence of horses on streets and in parks, in the show ring and race track, and even on plates. It also ably traces a rise in "equestrian rhetoric," whose sexual, class, and racial inflections were influenced both by Anglomania and by colonialist attraction to the "hot-blooded" horses of Arab countries. Moving between literature, painting, natural philosophy, popular cartoons, sport manuals, and tracts of public hygiene, this book seeks to understand the changing relations to horses who straddled conceptions of pet and livestock, existing between objects of affection, on the one hand, and material as well as symbolic capital, on the other"--
Author: Lisa Algazi Marcus
Author: LISA. ALGAZI MARCUS
Author: Sarah A. Curtis
Author: Jessica Bomarito
Author: David Hopkin
Author: Anne E. Linton
Author: Lisa G. Algazi
Author: 
Author: Kari Weil
Author: