A Computational Logic

A Computational Logic PDF Author: Robert S. Boyer
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 1483277887
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 414

Book Description
ACM Monograph Series: A Computational Logic focuses on the use of induction in proving theorems, including the use of lemmas and axioms, free variables, equalities, and generalization. The publication first elaborates on a sketch of the theory and two simple examples, a precise definition of the theory, and correctness of a tautology-checker. Topics include mechanical proofs, informal development, formal specification of the problem, well-founded relations, natural numbers, and literal atoms. The book then examines the use of type information to simplify formulas, use of axioms and lemmas as rewrite rules, and the use of definitions. Topics include nonrecursive functions, computing values, free variables in hypothesis, infinite backwards chaining, infinite looping, computing type sets, and type prescriptions. The manuscript takes a look at rewriting terms and simplifying clauses, eliminating destructors and irrelevance, using equalities, and generalization. Concerns include reasons for eliminating isolated hypotheses, precise statement of the generalization heuristic, restricting generalizations, precise use of equalities, and multiple destructors and infinite looping. The publication is a vital source of data for researchers interested in computational logic.

A Computational Logic Handbook

A Computational Logic Handbook PDF Author: Robert S. Boyer
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 148327778X
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 427

Book Description
Perspectives in Computing: A Computational Logic Handbook contains a precise description of the logic and a detailed reference guide to the associated mechanical theorem proving system, including a primer for the logic as a functional programming language, an introduction to proofs in the logic, and a primer for the mechanical theorem. The publication first offers information on a primer for the logic, formalization within the logic, and a precise description of the logic. Discussions focus on induction and recursion, quantification, explicit value terms, dealing with features and omissions, elementary mathematical relationships, Boolean operators, and conventional data structures. The text then takes a look at proving theorems in the logic, mechanized proofs in the logic, and an introduction to the system. The text examines the processes involved in using the theorem prover, four classes of rules generated from lemmas, and aborting or interrupting commands. Topics include executable counterparts, toggle, elimination of irrelevancy, heuristic use of equalities, representation of formulas, type sets, and the crucial check points in a proof attempt. The publication is a vital reference for researchers interested in computational logic.

Computational Logic and Human Thinking

Computational Logic and Human Thinking PDF Author: Robert Kowalski
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781107214453
Category : Communication
Languages : en
Pages : 310

Book Description
"The practical benefits of computational logic need not be limited to mathematics and computing. As this book shows, ordinary people in their everyday lives can profit from the recent advances that have been developed for artificial intelligence. The book draws upon related developments in various fields from philosophy to psychology and law. It pays special attention to the integration of logic with decision theory, and the use of logic to improve the clarity and coherence of communication in natural languages such as English. This book is essential reading for teachers and researchers who may be out of touch with the latest developments in computational logic. It will also be useful in any undergraduate course that teaches practical thinking, problem solving or communication skills. Its informal presentation makes the book accessible to readers from any background, but optional, more formal, chapters are also included for those who are more technically oriented"--

Fundamentals of Logic and Computation

Fundamentals of Logic and Computation PDF Author: Zhe Hou
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030878821
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 225

Book Description
This textbook aims to help the reader develop an in-depth understanding of logical reasoning and gain knowledge of the theory of computation. The book combines theoretical teaching and practical exercises; the latter is realised in Isabelle/HOL, a modern theorem prover, and PAT, an industry-scale model checker. I also give entry-level tutorials on the two software to help the reader get started. By the end of the book, the reader should be proficient in both software. Content-wise, this book focuses on the syntax, semantics and proof theory of various logics; automata theory, formal languages, computability and complexity. The final chapter closes the gap with a discussion on the insight that links logic with computation. This book is written for a high-level undergraduate course or a Master's course. The hybrid skill set of practical theorem proving and model checking should be helpful for the future of readers should they pursue a research career or engineering in formal methods.

Logical Foundations of Mathematics and Computational Complexity

Logical Foundations of Mathematics and Computational Complexity PDF Author: Pavel Pudlák
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3319001191
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 699

Book Description
The two main themes of this book, logic and complexity, are both essential for understanding the main problems about the foundations of mathematics. Logical Foundations of Mathematics and Computational Complexity covers a broad spectrum of results in logic and set theory that are relevant to the foundations, as well as the results in computational complexity and the interdisciplinary area of proof complexity. The author presents his ideas on how these areas are connected, what are the most fundamental problems and how they should be approached. In particular, he argues that complexity is as important for foundations as are the more traditional concepts of computability and provability. Emphasis is on explaining the essence of concepts and the ideas of proofs, rather than presenting precise formal statements and full proofs. Each section starts with concepts and results easily explained, and gradually proceeds to more difficult ones. The notes after each section present some formal definitions, theorems and proofs. Logical Foundations of Mathematics and Computational Complexity is aimed at graduate students of all fields of mathematics who are interested in logic, complexity and foundations. It will also be of interest for both physicists and philosophers who are curious to learn the basics of logic and complexity theory.

Handbook of Mathematics and Computational Science

Handbook of Mathematics and Computational Science PDF Author: John W. Harris
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9780387947464
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 1064

Book Description
This book gathers thousands of up-to-date equations, formulas, tables, illustrations, and explanations into one invaluable volume. It includes over a thousand pages of mathematical material as well as chapters on probability, mathematical statistics, fuzzy logic, and neural networks. It also contains computer language overviews of C, Fortran, and Pascal.

Handbook of Computational Social Choice

Handbook of Computational Social Choice PDF Author: Felix Brandt
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1316489752
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 553

Book Description
The rapidly growing field of computational social choice, at the intersection of computer science and economics, deals with the computational aspects of collective decision making. This handbook, written by thirty-six prominent members of the computational social choice community, covers the field comprehensively. Chapters devoted to each of the field's major themes offer detailed introductions. Topics include voting theory (such as the computational complexity of winner determination and manipulation in elections), fair allocation (such as algorithms for dividing divisible and indivisible goods), coalition formation (such as matching and hedonic games), and many more. Graduate students, researchers, and professionals in computer science, economics, mathematics, political science, and philosophy will benefit from this accessible and self-contained book.

Logic in Games

Logic in Games PDF Author: Johan Van Benthem
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 0262019906
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 567

Book Description
A comprehensive examination of the interfaces of logic, computer science, and game theory, drawing on twenty years of research on logic and games. This book draws on ideas from philosophical logic, computational logic, multi-agent systems, and game theory to offer a comprehensive account of logic and games viewed in two complementary ways. It examines the logic of games: the development of sophisticated modern dynamic logics that model information flow, communication, and interactive structures in games. It also examines logic as games: the idea that logical activities of reasoning and many related tasks can be viewed in the form of games. In doing so, the book takes up the “intelligent interaction” of agents engaging in competitive or cooperative activities and examines the patterns of strategic behavior that arise. It develops modern logical systems that can analyze information-driven changes in players' knowledge and beliefs, and introduces the “Theory of Play” that emerges from the combination of logic and game theory. This results in a new view of logic itself as an interactive rational activity based on reasoning, perception, and communication that has particular relevance for games. Logic in Games, based on a course taught by the author at Stanford University, the University of Amsterdam, and elsewhere, can be used in advanced seminars and as a resource for researchers.

PX, a Computational Logic

PX, a Computational Logic PDF Author: Susumu Hayashi
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780026208178
Category : Automatic theorem proving
Languages : en
Pages : 200

Book Description


Introduction to Computation

Introduction to Computation PDF Author: Donald Sannella
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030769089
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 371

Book Description
Computation, itself a form of calculation, incorporates steps that include arithmetical and non-arithmetical (logical) steps following a specific set of rules (an algorithm). This uniquely accessible textbook introduces students using a very distinctive approach, quite rapidly leading them into essential topics with sufficient depth, yet in a highly intuitive manner. From core elements like sets, types, Venn diagrams and logic, to patterns of reasoning, calculus, recursion and expression trees, the book spans the breadth of key concepts and methods that will enable students to readily progress with their studies in Computer Science.