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Author: Omar Sanchez-Sibony Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3030875792 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 530
Book Description
This book provides an in-depth look into key political dynamics that obtain in a democracy without parties, offering a window into political undercurrents increasingly in evidence throughout the Latin American region, where political parties are withering. For the past three decades, Peru has showcased a political universe populated by amateur politicians and the dominance of personalism as the main party–voter linkage form. The study peruses the post-2000 evolution of some of the key Peruvian electoral vehicles and classifies the partisan universe as a party non-system. There are several elements endogenous to personalist electoral vehicles that perpetuate partylessness, contributing to the absence of party building. The book also examines electoral dynamics in partyless settings, centrally shaped by effective electoral supply, personal brands, contingency, and iterated rounds of strategic voting calculi. Given the scarcity of information electoral vehicles provide, as well as the enormously complex political environment Peruvian citizens inhabit, personal brands provide readymade informational shortcuts that simplify the political world. The concept of “negative legitimacy environments” is furnished to capture political settings comprised of supermajorities of floating voters, pervasive negative political identities, and a generic citizen preference for newcomers and political outsiders. Such environments, increasingly present throughout Latin America, produce several deleterious effects, including high political uncertainty, incumbency disadvantage, and political time compression. Peru’s “democracy without parties” fails to deliver essential democratic functions including governability, responsiveness, horizontal and vertical accountability, or democratic representation, among others.
Author: Omar Sanchez-Sibony Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3030875792 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 530
Book Description
This book provides an in-depth look into key political dynamics that obtain in a democracy without parties, offering a window into political undercurrents increasingly in evidence throughout the Latin American region, where political parties are withering. For the past three decades, Peru has showcased a political universe populated by amateur politicians and the dominance of personalism as the main party–voter linkage form. The study peruses the post-2000 evolution of some of the key Peruvian electoral vehicles and classifies the partisan universe as a party non-system. There are several elements endogenous to personalist electoral vehicles that perpetuate partylessness, contributing to the absence of party building. The book also examines electoral dynamics in partyless settings, centrally shaped by effective electoral supply, personal brands, contingency, and iterated rounds of strategic voting calculi. Given the scarcity of information electoral vehicles provide, as well as the enormously complex political environment Peruvian citizens inhabit, personal brands provide readymade informational shortcuts that simplify the political world. The concept of “negative legitimacy environments” is furnished to capture political settings comprised of supermajorities of floating voters, pervasive negative political identities, and a generic citizen preference for newcomers and political outsiders. Such environments, increasingly present throughout Latin America, produce several deleterious effects, including high political uncertainty, incumbency disadvantage, and political time compression. Peru’s “democracy without parties” fails to deliver essential democratic functions including governability, responsiveness, horizontal and vertical accountability, or democratic representation, among others.
Author: Haldor Byrkjeflot Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1000504034 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 306
Book Description
This critical and empirically based volume examines the multiple existing Nordic models, providing analytically innovative attention to the multitude of circulating ideas, images and experiences referred to as "Nordic". It addresses related paradoxes as well as patterns of circulation, claims about the exceptionality of Nordic models, and the diffusion and impact of Nordic experiences and ideas. Providing original case studies, the book further examines how the Nordic models have been constructed, transformed and circulated in time and in space. It investigates the actors and channels that have been involved in circulating models: journalists and media, bureaucrats and policy-makers, international organizations, national politicians and institutions, scholars, public diplomats and analyses where and why models have travelled. Finally, the book shows that Nordic models, perspectives, or ideas do not always originate in the Nordic region, nor do they always develop as deliberate efforts to promote Nordic interests. This book will be of key interest to Nordic and Scandinavian studies, European studies, and more broadly to history, sociology, political science, marketing, social policy, organizational theory and public management. The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.
Author: Patricio Marcos Publisher: Palibrio ISBN: 146330773X Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 826
Book Description
El Diccionario de la Democracia contiene la teoría y la ideología de los regímenes democráticos: sus antecedentes; orígenes; principios; modalidades de deliberación y leyes; sus instituciones clave y variedades, acorde con la clase social que los dirija y el arreglo institucional correlativo. Asimismo compara sus principios, leyes e instituciones con otros regímenes, particularmente con sus opuestos, las oligarquías o gobiernos de pocos, pero también con la república, la tiranía y la realeza; las razones de Estado que permiten su conquista, conservación y estabilidad; las fuentes internas y externas que los amenazan; las maneras de corromperse y las revoluciones que los afectan. Trata también de los usos, costumbres y caracteres democráticos; inventaría los rasgos éticos de la vida democrática, por sí mismos y comprobados con los de los ricos, las clases medias y los tiranos, hasta detallar las relaciones que sostienen entre sí dirigentes y dirigidos, hombres y mujeres, viejos, jóvenes, maestros y alumnos, ciudadanos y animales..., por el impacto que la libertad e igualdad popular tienen en la vida pública y privada de sus pueblos. Parte medular del mismo es la exposición de las doctrinas, dogmas, leyes e instituciones del modelo liberal moderno de la democracia; un credo que se analiza en calidad de justificación del nouveau régime por parte de sus ideólogos modernos más destacados y lúcidos, quienes desvían el significado de las palabras ] democracia ] y ] liberal ] atribuidas sin más a los Estados modernos.
Author: Odaci Luiz Coradini Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing ISBN: 1527590135 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 270
Book Description
This volume explores problems related to processes of importation and adaptation of Western cultural and institutional models and their effects on social structures. Among these problems, those related to the permanence of reciprocity ties in official institutions and their correlates, such as clientelism and corruption, stand out. The book will appeal to social scientists concerned with analytical problems and theoretical advances in relation to the issues at hand, as well as the wider public concerned with the trends and results of the importation of Western models in the processes of transforming social structures, especially in “extra-Western” societies.
Author: David Berliner Publisher: Berghahn Books ISBN: 1845455940 Category : Religion Languages : en Pages : 248
Book Description
As we enter the 21st century, it becomes increasingly difficult to envisage a world detached from religion or an anthropology blind to its study. Yet, how people become religious is still poorly studied. This volume gathers some of the most distinguished scholars in the field to offer a new perspective for the study of religion, one that examines the works of transmission and innovation through the prism of learning. They argue that religious culture is socially and dynamically constructed by agents who are not mere passive recipients but engaged in active learning processes. Finding a middle way between the social and the cognitive, they see learning religions not as a mechanism of “downloading” but also as a social process with its relational dimension.
Author: Karina Biondi Publisher: UNC Press Books ISBN: 1469630311 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 223
Book Description
The Primeiro Comando do Capital (PCC) is a Sao Paulo prison gang that since the 1990s has expanded into the most powerful criminal network in Brazil. Karina Biondi's rich ethnography of the PCC is uniquely informed by her insider-outsider status. Prior to his acquittal, Biondi's husband was incarcerated in a PCC-dominated prison for several years. During the period of Biondi's intense and intimate visits with her husband and her extensive fieldwork in prisons and on the streets of Sao Paulo, the PCC effectively controlled more than 90 percent of Sao Paulo's 147 prison facilities. Available for the first time in English, Biondi's riveting portrait of the PCC illuminates how the organization operates inside and outside of prison, creatively elaborating on a decentered, non-hierarchical, and far-reaching command system. This system challenges both the police forces against which the PCC has declared war and the methods and analytic concepts traditionally employed by social scientists concerned with crime, incarceration, and policing. Biondi posits that the PCC embodies a "politics of transcendence," a group identity that is braided together with, but also autonomous from, its decentralized parts. Biondi also situates the PCC in relation to redemocratization and rampant socioeconomic inequality in Brazil, as well as to counter-state movements, crime, and punishment in the Americas.
Author: Bettina von Lieres Publisher: Springer ISBN: 1137405317 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 260
Book Description
Drawing on case studies from the global South, this book explores the politics of mediated citizenship in which citizens are represented to the state through third party intermediaries. The studies show that mediation is both widely practiced and multi-directional and that it has an important role to play in deepening democracy in the global South.
Author: Roger Kittleson Publisher: Univ of California Press ISBN: 0520279085 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 344
Book Description
"In time for Brazil's hosting of the 2014 World Cup, this book uses the stories of star players and other key figures (based on over 40 interviews) to create a contemporary history of Brazilian soccer from the 1950s to the present. It also explores race and class tensions in Brazil and shows how soccer is central to the country's dramatic trajectory toward modernity and economic power"--
Author: Carlos Valero-Hernández Publisher: Palibrio ISBN: 1463321406 Category : Self-Help Languages : en Pages : 733
Book Description
Este es un libro enfocado en las organizaciones en general, donde se analiza con sentido multidisciplinario las interacciones y formas de vida de las personas para comprender que su ordenación esta determinada y se relaciona con la orientación seguida por la sociedad y la cultura. Se hace referencia cierta al dilema confianza-desconfianza como característica peculiar de la crisis que se vive en el entorno institucional latinoamericano producto de un estilo de pensamiento esquizoparanoide desarrollado en muchos adultos por múltiples factores y elementos intrínsecos propios, en su mayoría vinculados con el impulso silencioso de las fuerzas ambientales y el poder de mando en todas sus perspectivas. En el libro se discuten y abarcan, por lo menos, tres grupos temáticos diferenciados y relacionados con la desconfianza: 1) Como en América Latina y el Caribe, las diferencias culturales y de producción de las personas han interactuado con las experiencias de desigualdades sostenidas y desarrolladas permanentemente para crear e impulsar la incredulidad y la desconfianza 2) Como numerosos factores extrínsecos (políticos, económicos, educativos, jurídicos, tecnológicos y otros) han afectado los comportamientos, el rendimiento, y las formas de intercambio de las personas, a través de las transformaciones históricas de la región, influyendo en la desconfianza de la gente, y 3) Como el conocimiento sobre factores humanos intrínsecos puede ayudar a los directivos y gerentes para anticipar, dirigir, y aprovechar de manera institucional programas de medición y transformación con acciones positivas para promover y mejorar el aprendizaje y la confianza. Se trata de un enfoque interpretativo sobre acontecimientos evidentes que busca contribuir con proposiciones sobre como "gerenciar la desconfianza," haciendo reflexiones e invitando a los administradores y directivos, de los sectores público y privado de la economía, para analizar, discutir y evaluar causas y consecuencias categóricas que se generan, delimitan, y propagan en el comportamiento individual y social de los miembros de cualquier organización. Especialmente, cuando los niveles de la desconfianza crecen producto de problemas no resueltos y de actitudes negativas ante respuestas inconsistentes, lo que influye a su vez en la cultura de la desconfianza afectando e infectando a la comunidad y la sociedad. Si el contenido del escrito llega a sus manos por cualquier medio, en cualquier tiempo, trate de leerlo, entenderlo, compartirlo, y comentarlo con otros positivamente, con confianza, aunque sea de tiempo en tiempo. Recuerda que ha sido escrito para ti y para otros, en la búsqueda de aprendizaje y desarrollo, durante el tiempo que nos ha tocado trabajar y vivir en nuestro medio, para no repetir en el futuro acciones negativas limitantes y así mejorar los niveles de confianza en nuestras instituciones y sociedad.
Author: Omar Sanchez-Sibony
Author: Omar Sanchez-Sibony
Author: Haldor Byrkjeflot
Author: Patricio Marcos
Author: Odaci Luiz Coradini
Author: David Berliner
Author: Karina Biondi
Author: Bettina von Lieres
Author: Roger Kittleson
Author: Carlos Valero-Hernández
Author: United States. Department of State. Central Translating Office