Expansion of the Genetic Code: Unnatural Amino Acids and Their Applications PDF Download

Author: Subhendu Sekhar Bag
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889768430
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 128

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Author:
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 9780080921631
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 350

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Book Description
By combining the tools of organic chemistry with those of physical biochemistry and cell biology, Non-Natural Amino Acids aims to provide fundamental insights into how proteins work within the context of complex biological systems of biomedical interest. The critically acclaimed laboratory standard for 40 years, Methods in Enzymology is one of the most highly respected publications in the field of biochemistry. Since 1955, each volume has been eagerly awaited, frequently consulted, and praised by researchers and reviewers alike. With more than 400 volumes published, each Methods in Enzymology volume presents material that is relevant in today's labs -- truly an essential publication for researchers in all fields of life sciences. Demonstrates how the tools and principles of chemistry combined with the molecules and processes of living cells can be combined to create molecules with new properties and functions found neither in nature nor in the test tube Presents new insights into the molecular mechanisms of complex biological and chemical systems that can be gained by studying the structure and function of non-natural molecules Provides a "one-stop shop" for tried and tested essential techniques, eliminating the need to wade through untested or unreliable methods

Author: Nediljko Budisa
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 3527607099
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 312

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The ability to introduce non-canonical amino acids in vivo has greatly expanded the repertoire of accessible proteins for basic research and biotechnological application. Here, the different methods and strategies to incorporate new or modified amino acids are explained in detail, including a lot of practical advice for first-time users of this powerful technique. Novel applications in protein biochemistry, genomics, biotechnology and biomedicine made possible by the expansion of the genetic code are discussed and numerous examples are given. Essential reading for all molecular life scientists who want to stay ahead in their research.

Author: Eric M. Brustad
Publisher: ProQuest
ISBN: 9780549958260
Category : Escherichia coli
Languages : en
Pages : 394

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With an ever expanding genetic code it is no longer a question of whether an unnatural amino acid can be introduced into a protein sequence, but what can be done with them. This thesis describes the introduction of novel amino acids to the genetic codes of E. coli and yeast and the applications of those amino acids towards novel protein biochemistry and the study of biomolecular structure and function. This includes the development of orthogonal protein labeling strategies that allow the site-specific attachment of biophysical probes and other molecules onto a protein surface. An unnatural ketone containing amino acid is described that allows the general and efficient introduction of fluorophores and spin probes onto a protein surface. This chemistry is exploited for the site-specific double labeling of proteins with fluorophores and the utility of this methodology is demonstrated by the examination of bacteriophage T4 lysozyme folding via single molecule fluorescence energy transfer. To expand the orthogonal chemistry presented by unnatural amino acid mutagenesis, the addition of a boronic acid containing amino acid to the genetic code of E. coli is also described. The unique chemistry of this functionality is exploited for the site-specific labeling of proteins with fluorophores through Suzuki coupling reactions as well as the formation boronic esters with diol containing compounds. This latter chemistry is also useful for the genetic encoding of carbohydrate recognition into a protein sequence as well as the development of a single step scarless protein purification methodology. The evolution of the E. coli leucyl tRNA synthetase for the site-selective introduction of methionine, cysteine and alanine analogs into proteins in yeast is also described. From this work, a single tRNA synthetase that shows promiscuous activity for over ten unnatural amino acid structures is investigated. Finally, a project investigating the role and source of reactive oxygen species in cytokine signaling is also be briefly discussed.

Author: Huimin Zhao
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 3527344705
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 41

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A one-stop reference that reviews protein design strategies to applications in industrial and medical biotechnology Protein Engineering: Tools and Applications is a comprehensive resource that offers a systematic and comprehensive review of the most recent advances in the field, and contains detailed information on the methodologies and strategies behind these approaches. The authors—noted experts on the topic—explore the distinctive advantages and disadvantages of the presented methodologies and strategies in a targeted and focused manner that allows for the adaptation and implementation of the strategies for new applications. The book contains information on the directed evolution, rational design, and semi-rational design of proteins and offers a review of the most recent applications in industrial and medical biotechnology. This important book: Covers technologies and methodologies used in protein engineering Includes the strategies behind the approaches, designed to help with the adaptation and implementation of these strategies for new applications Offers a comprehensive and thorough treatment of protein engineering from primary strategies to applications in industrial and medical biotechnology Presents cutting edge advances in the continuously evolving field of protein engineering Written for students and professionals of bioengineering, biotechnology, biochemistry, Protein Engineering: Tools and Applications offers an essential resource to the design strategies in protein engineering and reviews recent applications.

Author: Yu-Hsuan Tsai
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 1071632515
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 287

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This detailed volume explores non-canonical amino acids (ncAAs) through their site-specific incorporation by genetic code expansion (GCE). The collection provides a broad resource of methods for implementing GCE in E. coli, mammalian cells, and animals, highlighting specific applications ranging from fluorescence labeling to photocontrol and the study of protein post-translational modification. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step and readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Genetically Incorporated Non-Canonical Amino Acids: Methods and Protocols serves as an ideal source of methodologies that can be adapted and extended, migrated to different model systems, and combined in new ways to help explore a wide range of biological questions and to augment industrial and pharmaceutical protein engineering.

Author: Edward A. Lemke
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781493975747
Category : Amino acids
Languages : en
Pages : 411

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Author: Patrick O’Donoghue
Publisher: MDPI
ISBN: 3039217348
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 188

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Dear Colleagues, Synthetic biology is a broad and emerging discipline that capitalizes on recent advances in molecular biology, genetics, protein and RNA engineering and omics technologies. These technologies have transformed our ability to reveal the biology of the cell and the molecular basis of disease. This Special Issue on “Synthetic RNA and DNA Programming” features original research articles and reviews, highlighting novel aspects of basic molecular biology and the molecular mechanisms of disease that were uncovered by the application and development of novel synthetic biology-driven approaches.

Author: Loredano Pollegioni
Publisher: Humana Press
ISBN: 9781617793301
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 409

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Book Description
Even though they are present in nature, non-proteinogenic amino acids are usually defined as unnatural or non-natural. Beside their structural diversity, interest in these compounds is due to their occurrence in nature, their biological properties, the analytical aspects, their use as probes, and their incorporation into peptides and proteins, among other reasons. Divided into five convenient sections, Unnatural Amino Acids: Methods and Protocols deals with enzymatic methods used to produce non-natural amino acids, aspects concerning the presence of unnatural amino acids in peptides with antimicrobial properties, genetic incorporation of unnatural amino acids into proteins (yeast and mammalian cells), and detection and quantification of D-amino acids and related enzymes. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular BiologyTM series format, chapters contain introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and notes on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and accessible, Unnatural Amino Acids: Methods and Protocols serves as an ideal guide for scientists and contributes to directing the attention of researchers to the many fields of growing scientific interest in non-natural amino acids.

Author: Vasudevan Ramesh
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119483964
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 576

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An essential guide to biomolecular and bioanalytical techniques and their applications Biomolecular and Bioanalytical Techniques offers an introduction to, and a basic understanding of, a wide range of biophysical techniques. The text takes an interdisciplinary approach with contributions from a panel of distinguished experts. With a focus on research, the text comprehensively covers a broad selection of topics drawn from contemporary research in the fields of chemistry and biology. Each of the internationally reputed authors has contributed a single chapter on a specific technique. The chapters cover the specific technique’s background, theory, principles, technique, methodology, protocol and applications. The text explores the use of a variety of analytical tools to characterise biological samples. The contributors explain how to identify and quantify biochemically important molecules, including small molecules as well as biological macromolecules such as enzymes, antibodies, proteins, peptides and nucleic acids. This book is filled with essential knowledge and explores the skills needed to carry out the research and development roles in academic and industrial laboratories. A technique-focused book that bridges the gap between an introductory text and a book on advanced research methods Provides the necessary background and skills needed to advance the research methods Features a structured approach within each chapter Demonstrates an interdisciplinary approach that serves to develop independent thinking Written for students in chemistry, biological, medical, pharmaceutical, forensic and biophysical sciences, Biomolecular and Bioanalytical Techniques is an in-depth review of the most current biomolecular and bioanalytical techniques in the field.