Inoculation of Legumes and Nonlegumes with Nitrogen-fixing and Other Bacteria PDF Download

Author: F. Löhnis
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Legumes
Languages : en
Pages : 36

View

Book Description

Author: K.A. Malik
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401152322
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 349

View

Book Description
Diazotrophic bacteria convert atmospheric nitrogen to plant-useable form and this input of nitrogen through biological fixation is of great agronomic importance. The contributions presented in this volume relate to free-living nitrogen fixers and the diazotrophs associated with plants. Symbiotic association of Frankia with non-legumes and cyanobacterial associations are also discussed. Research topics covered in this volume include the biochemistry and genetics of diazotrophs, recent developments in improvement of plant-microbe interactions and their molecular basis, the use of molecular probes in taxonomy and ecology of diazotrophs and reports on field applications, agronomic importance and improvement in methodologies for assessing their contribution to plants. This book provides valuable information not only for researchers working in the field of biological nitrogen fixation but also for biochemistry, molecular biologists, microbiologists and agronomists.

Author: Dinesh Kumar Maheshwari
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 9811949069
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 396

View

Book Description
This book covers aspects of biological nitrogen fixation along with the unique signaling and interaction between the diazotrophic bacteria and plants, especially the non-legumes. Nitrogen is the most important growth-limiting nutrient in the ecosystems and biological nitrogen fixation involving microbial symbionts, mainly rhizobia and legumes holds enormous interest across the globe. However, free-living rhizobacteria of non-legumes especially cereals, also establish themselves within the root system, fixing nitrogen and contributing to plant productivity, soil fertility, and agricultural sustainability. These non-symbiotic nitrogen fixers additionally exhibit various plant growth-promoting traits elevating productivity, fortifying nutrient content, and managing water stress in plants. The recent perspectives highlighting the mechanisms and background of non-symbiotic nitrogen fixation provide answers to unravel the potential of nitrogenase and various spectra of habitats of rhizobia and other diazotrophic bacteria. Further, the application of genetic engineering and the development of nitrogen-fixing cereals can provide a possible solution to the problem of food shortage. The book includes various scientific inputs providing comprehensive knowledge about the emergence of agricultural sustainability through nitrogen-fixing bacteria. The book illustrates the systematic mechanisms involved in biological nitrogen fixation through various illustrations, schematic drawings, and flow charts aiding in better understanding. The chapters elaborate on the physiology and metabolism of plant-bacteria interaction in different crops under diverse environmental conditions. Thus, the volume will provide a holistic scenario helping in advancing the novel plant-microbe interactions, cell-signaling, and plant-molecular interactions. The book will assist the agronomists, microbiologists, ecologists, plant pathologists, molecular biologists, environmentalists, policymakers, conservationists, and NGOs to develop biofertilizers and bioinoculants using various genera of microbes and contribute to the targets of sustainable goals in an eco-friendly manner.

Author: Lewis Wilson Erdman
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bacteria, Nitrifying
Languages : en
Pages : 16

View

Book Description

Author: F.A. Skinner
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 940090889X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 324

View

Book Description
Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on Nitrogen Fixation with Non-Legumes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, August 23-28, 1987

Author: Felix Löhnis
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Agriculture
Languages : en
Pages : 30

View

Book Description

Author: P. Uomala
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9400943784
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 460

View

Book Description
Biological fixation of nitrogen by organisms and associations other than those concerned in the legume-Rhizobium symbiosis has attracted increasing attention since the firstintemationalworkshop on the theme at Piracicaba, Brasil, in 1979. Approximately 150 scientists gathered on September 2-8, 1984, at the Hanasaari Cultural Centre near Helsinki, Finland, for the third international meeting on nitrogen fixation with non-legumes. Forty-two papers and 39 posters were presented; 32 of the papers have been broughttogetherin this publication. The Symposium was generously sponsored by the FinnishNational Fund for Research and Development (SITRA) in connection with a large project on biological nitrogenfixation and utilization ofnitrogen extending from 1980 to 1985. The Symposium was organized jointly by SITRA, which dealt with all practical matters very efficiently and with impressive concern for the welfare of the participants, and Societas Biochemica, Biophysica et Microbiologica Fenniae, the society of Finnish microbiologists, which made valuable contributions on scientific matters. As in the previous symposium at Banff, Canada, in 1982 the programme did not involve parallel sessions~ all participants had the opportunity of listening to all presentations. Consequently, the FIN- NIF Symposium profited from a steady audience and the consistency this gave to the discussions. In view of the growing interest in N-fixation with non-legumes and the continuous broadening of the field, such an arrangement may not be possible in the future. I thank all participants for their contributionsto both oral sessions and poster presentations, and hope that this publication will become a frequently quoted source of knowledge.

Author: N. A. Hegazi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 628

View

Book Description
Biological nitrogen fixation-past and future. Free-living diazotrophs and photosynthetic bacteria. Free-living diazotrophs and photosynthetic bacteria: an indroction to the session. Poole, physiology of N2 fixation relating to N, 02, H2 status in free-living heterotrophs. Ammonium assimilatory pathways and electron transport system in acetobacter diazotrophicus. Nif-plasmid spread in agricultural soil, as influenced by sugars and their metabolites. Effect of NAD+ in nitrigen fixing rhodospirillum rubrum. Biological dinitrogen fixation in lake Edku, Alexandrina, Egypt. Nitrogenase acitivity(C2H2 reduction) in upper Egyptiansoils amended with wheat straw: Effects of soil moisture and pO2. Nitrogenase activity of free-living diazotrophs under pesticide treatment.Interaction of diazotrophs with other microorganisms. Mixed inocula of azospirillum and other organisms: an introduction to the session. Azospirillum and related organisms: ecological, physiological, biochemical and aspects. Occurrence of diazotrophic bacteria and vesicular- arbuscular mycorrhizal fugi associated with cassava(manihot esculenta crants). Identification of Azoarcus spp.,grassassociated diazotrophs, by analysis of partial 16S rDNA sequences. Nitrogenase, cellulase and pectinase activity in sugar cane roots inoculated together with V.A. mycorrhiza and nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Evalation of N2-fixed by wheat plants grown in sandy soils using tracer techniques. Free-living and symbiotic cyanobacteria: an introduction to the session. Nitrogenase in the marine non-heterocystous cyanobacterium Trichodesmium - a review. N2-fixation in the filamentous cyanobacterium Oscillatoria chalybea measured by mass spectrometry. A global nitrogen regulator in the cyanobacteria. Photosynthesis and nitrogenase activity in Synechocystis and anabaena. Environmental factors regulating the effect of ammonium on nitrogenase activity in cyanobacteria from rice fields. Indole-3-acetic(IAA))) in the azolla-anabaena symbiosis. Potential role of Azolla as green manure for rice in nile delta under different levels of inorganic fertilization. First evidence for the cutinic nature of the envelope at the interface of azolla and its endophytes. Function of paracrystalline phycobiliproteis and phycobilisomes in the diazotrophic synechocystis sp. strain BO 8402 and a derivative strain BO 9201. The induction of dinitrogen fixation in diluted cultures of the filamentous cyanobacterium nostoc 6720. Rice yeld and resistance to infestation with the stem borer chilo agamemnon as affected by algalization under differen agrochemical conditions. Response of some indica and japonica rice to fertilization regimes containing nitrogen and cyanobacteria. The nostoc-gunnera symbiosis: development of the symbiotic tissue. The nostoc-gunnera symbiosis: specificity and early communication. Agglutination of erythrocytes by cell extracts of the azola/anabaena symbiotic association. Comparison between various growth parameters of azolla grown on different media with various pH values. Azolla cultivation in EgyptUse of azolla as biofertilizer in rice-wheat cropping system. Azolla- bacterial symbiosis, detection and preliminary characterization of lectins. The role of azolla with rice plants in N2-fixation(BNF). Dynamic of 15N-labelled azolla into two paddy soils of madagascar. Effect of environmental factors on the nitrogenase activity of nostoc ellipsosporum DH42. Actinorhizal symbiosis. Progress and prospects of research on actinorhizal symbiosis: an introduction to the session. Frankia microsymbiont in dryas drummondii nodules is closely related to the microsymbiont of coriaria and genetically distinct from other characterized frankiaq strains. Differential gene expression in root nodules of alnus glutinosa. Hopanoid lipds in relation to nitrogen fixation: fuction in frankia and occurrence in other diazotrophic organisms. The relative merits of nodule homogenases and pure culture of frankia in inducing nodulation in alder. The use of oligonucleotide probes to detect uncultured frankia strains in the root nmodules of coriaria nepalensiswall. Tchniques of isolation of frankia spp. in growth culture for rhizobium. Antibiotic-resistant derivatives from frankia strains of the casuarina and allocasuarina genera. Interlations and light requirement of nitrogenase and nitrate reductase activities in almus glutinosa. Superior cutivars of casuarina for nitrogen fixation in egypt. Characterization of frankia strains isolated from nodules of casuarina equisetifolina from egypt and Brazil. Plant-associated diazotrophs. Plant-diazotrophs: an introduction to the session. Regulation of nitrogen fixation and nitrogen metabolism in azospirillum brasiliense: a review. Genetic and histochemical analysis of the azospirillum-wheat root association.Regulatory role of the PII protein in the coordination of nitrogenfixation and ammonia assimilation in response to the cellular nitroge status in azospirillum brasilense. Indole-3-acetic acid biosynthesis in azospirillum brasilense. Plasmid contents and nif genes detection inacetobacter diazotrophicus strains. Development and application of 23SrRNA-directed oligo-nucleotide probes for azospirillum spp.,acetobacter diazotrophicus and herbaspirillum. Imunological studies of the weathroot-colonization by the azospirillum brasiliense stains Sp245 using strain-specific monoclonal antibodies. Isolation from the rice rhizosphere of a new species of nitrogen-fixing proteobacteria, belonging to the genus burkholderia. Nitrogen fixation in rice plantlets inoculated with pure or mixed cultures of azospirillum species and bacillus polymyxa. Efficacy and dynamics of colonization of plant root surfaces withpure and mixed cultures of associsated nitrogen fixers. Mixed cultivation and inoculation of various genera of associative diazotrophs. Survival and effect of azorhizobium caulinodans on rice roots. Effect of commercial glyphosate preparates and their additives on associative N2-fixation. Functional organization of the ORFXNTRBC locus of aqzospirillum brasilense SP7 and study of gene regulation by using LACZ fusions.Effect of klebisiella pneumoniae nifa on the regulation of nif gene expression by ammonia in azospirillum brasiliense. Chromosomal make-up in wheat and their response to rhizobium.Produced by single and mixed cultures of A. brasilense and K. pneumoniae and their mutants grown under varions growth conditions. Excretion of NH4+ by A. brasilense and K. pneumoniae mutants resistant to L-methionine sulfoximine. A fermentor system for modelling interactions between endophytic bacteria and plant cell cultures. pH-dependent activity changes of nitrate reductase upon immobilization of Azospirillum brasilense in continuous culture.The growth of some diazotrophs in bath culture.

Author: J. K. Ladha
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401171130
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 219

View

Book Description
During the next 30 years, farmers must produce 70% more rice than the 550 millions tons produced today to feed the increasing population. Nitrogen (N) is the nutrient that most frequently limits rice production. At current levels ofN use efficiency, we will require at least double the 10 million tons of N fertilizer that are currently used each year for rice production. Global agriculture now relies heavily on N fertilizers derived from petroleUIll, which, in turn, is vulnerable to political and economic fluctuations in the oil markets. N fertilizers, therefore, are expensive inputs, costing agriculture more than US$45 billion annually. Rice suffers from a mismatch of its N demand and N supplied as fertilizer, resulting in a 50-70% loss of applied N fertilizer. Two basic approaches may be used to solve this problem One is to regulate the timing ofN application based on needs of the plants, thus partly increasing the efficiency of the plants' use of applied N. The other is to increase the ability of the rice system to fix its own N. The latter approach is a long-term strategy, but it would have enormous environmental benefits while helping resource-poor farmers. Furthermore, farmers more easily adopt a genotype or variety with useful traits than they do crop and soil management practices that may be associated with additional costs.

Author: M Polsinelli
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401134863
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 654

View

Book Description
The Fifth International Symposium on Nitrogen Fixation with Non-legumes was held in Florence (Italy) on 10-14 September, 1990. Earlier Symposia of this series were held in Piracicaba (Brazil), Banf Alberta (Canada), Helsinki (Finland) and Rio De Janeiro (Brazil). The Symposium's main objectives were to bring together scientists working in many different fields of nitrogen fixation, to stimulate discussion on this important process and to have an appraisal of the most recent studies concerning nitrogen fixation with non-legumes. The Symposium was attended by 230 scientists from 32 different countries. This volume collects the contributions of 65 lectures and 87 posters, which are an up-to-date account of the state of knowledge on biological nitrogen fixation with non-legumes. The book provides a valuable reference source not only for specialists in nitrogen fixation, but also for researchers working on related aspects of agronomy, biochemistry, genetics, microbiology, molecular biology and plant physiology. It is with great pleasure that we aknowledge the contributions of the authors in assuring the prompt pubblication of this volume. We would also like to express our thanks to Kluwer Academic Publishers B.V. for the publication of these Proceedings. M. Polsinelli R. Materassi M. Vincenzini ORGANIZING COMMITTEE President M. Polsinelli M. Vincenzini Secretary F. Favilli Treasurer E. Galli E. Gallori L. Giovannetti R. Materassi M.P. Nuti M.R. Tredici SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE M. Bazzicalupo Florence, Italy H. Bothe Cologne, West Germany R.H. Burris Madison, U.S.A.