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Author: Shayne C. Gad Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3030352412 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 490
Book Description
While the safety assessment (“biocompatibility”) of medical devices has been focused on issues of local tissue tolerance (irritation, sensitization, cytotoxicity) and selected quantal effects (genotoxicity and acute lethality) since first being regulated in the late 1950s, this has changed as devices assumed a much more important role in healthcare and became more complex in both composition and in their design and operation. Add to this that devices now frequently serve as delivery systems for drugs, and that drugs may be combined with devices to improve device performance, and the problems of ensuring patient safety with devices has become significantly more complex. A part of this, requirements for ensuring safety (once based on use of previously acceptable materials – largely polymers and metals) have come to requiring determining which chemical entities are potentially released from a device into patients (and how much is released). Then an appropriate and relevant (yet also conservative) risk assessment must be performed for each identified chemical structure. The challenges inherent in meeting the current requirements are multifold, and this text seeks to identify, understand, and solve all of them. • Identify and verify the most appropriate available data. • As in most cases such data is for a different route of exposure, transform it for use in assessing exposure by the route of interest. • As the duration (and rate) of exposure to moieties released from a device are most frequently different (longer) than what available data speaks to, transformation across tissue is required. • As innate and adaptive immune responses are a central part of device/patient interaction, assessing potential risks on this basis are required. • Incorporating assessments for special populations such as neonates. • Use of (Q)SAR (Quantitative Structure Activity Relationships) modeling in assessments. • Performance and presentation of integrative assessments covering all potential biologic risks. Appendices will contain summarized available biocompatibility data for commonly used device materials (polymers and metals) and safety assessments on the frequently seen moieties in extractions from devices.
Author: Shayne C. Gad Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3030352412 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 490
Book Description
While the safety assessment (“biocompatibility”) of medical devices has been focused on issues of local tissue tolerance (irritation, sensitization, cytotoxicity) and selected quantal effects (genotoxicity and acute lethality) since first being regulated in the late 1950s, this has changed as devices assumed a much more important role in healthcare and became more complex in both composition and in their design and operation. Add to this that devices now frequently serve as delivery systems for drugs, and that drugs may be combined with devices to improve device performance, and the problems of ensuring patient safety with devices has become significantly more complex. A part of this, requirements for ensuring safety (once based on use of previously acceptable materials – largely polymers and metals) have come to requiring determining which chemical entities are potentially released from a device into patients (and how much is released). Then an appropriate and relevant (yet also conservative) risk assessment must be performed for each identified chemical structure. The challenges inherent in meeting the current requirements are multifold, and this text seeks to identify, understand, and solve all of them. • Identify and verify the most appropriate available data. • As in most cases such data is for a different route of exposure, transform it for use in assessing exposure by the route of interest. • As the duration (and rate) of exposure to moieties released from a device are most frequently different (longer) than what available data speaks to, transformation across tissue is required. • As innate and adaptive immune responses are a central part of device/patient interaction, assessing potential risks on this basis are required. • Incorporating assessments for special populations such as neonates. • Use of (Q)SAR (Quantitative Structure Activity Relationships) modeling in assessments. • Performance and presentation of integrative assessments covering all potential biologic risks. Appendices will contain summarized available biocompatibility data for commonly used device materials (polymers and metals) and safety assessments on the frequently seen moieties in extractions from devices.
Author: Shayne C. Gad Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 9781439876084 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 576
Book Description
Capturing the growth of the global medical device market in recent years, this practical new guide is essential for all who are responsible for ensuring safety in the use and manufacture of medical devices. It has been extensively updated to reflect significant advances, incorporating combination products and helpful case examples of current real-life problems in the field. The Third Edition explores these key current trends: global device markets continually advancing technology the increasing harmonization of device safety regulation worldwide Each aspect of safety evaluation is considered in terms of International Standards Organization (ISO), US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), European Union (EU), and Japanese Ministry of Health and Welfare (MHW) perspectives. In addition, the book reflects the role of the continuing growth of technology in the incorporation of science, particularly in the areas of immunotoxicology and toxicokinetics.
Author: Bijan Elahi Publisher: Academic Press ISBN: 0323918239 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 541
Book Description
Safety Risk Management for Medical Devices, Second Edition teaches the essential safety risk management methodologies for medical devices compliant with the requirements of ISO 14971:2019. Focusing exclusively on safety risk assessment practices required in the MedTech sector, the book outlines sensible, easily comprehensible, state-of the-art methodologies that are rooted in current industry best practices, addressing safety risk management of medical devices, thus making it useful for those in the MedTech sector who are responsible for safety risk management or need to understand risk management, including design engineers, product engineers, development engineers, software engineers, Quality assurance and regulatory affairs. Graduate-level engineering students with an interest in medical devices will also benefit from this book. The new edition has been fully updated to reflect the state-of-the-art in this fast changing field. It offers guidance on developing and commercializing medical devices in line with the most current international standards and regulations. Includes new coverage of ISO 14971:2019, ISO/TR 24971 Presents the latest information on the history of risk management, lifetime of a medical device, risk management review, production and post production activities, post market risk management Provides practical, easy-to-understand and state-of the-art methodologies that meet the requirements of international regulation
Author: Des O'Brien Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 124
Book Description
This short book is a starting point to introduce Design control, risk management and regulatory impact and application of Medical Device Directive MDR 2017/745 or to give its full name- Regulation (Eu) 2017/745 Of The European Parliament And Of The Council of 5 April 2017 on medical devices, amending Directive 2001/83/EC, Regulation (EC) No 178/2002 and Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009 and repealing Council Directives 90/385/EEC and 93/42/EEC.The importance of design controls manifests itself in the potential impact of device quality and safety for the public or patient in need of medical devices or therapeutic devices. The benefits of well executed design controls support a device and product development lifecycle that ensures the intended use is met and verified during the product development process and beyond. Best practice and compliant application of design controls depends on input definition, appropriate review of inputs and a continuous verification and validation to provide outputs. Design Control regulations ensure that good quality management (QM) practices are used for the design of medical devices and products remain fit for purpose and appropriate to the intended use. Adding to the design control requirements for manufacturers is the science of risk management applied to devices and products across the lifecycle of each product.Risk needs to be a continuous consideration and is not just a static or once off activity. The approach to risk must be suitable for the device in question. A Risk plan should lay out the approach, requirements and techniques used to assess risk and complete risk analysis. Any risks that remain must have a clinical benefit and must be managed ensuring residual risks are as low as possible. Therefore, an integrated approach to design, risk management and manufacturing creates a template for safe and effective products. Recent regulatory requirements that will shape the future of medical device regulation have gained increasing importance. Such regulation is the Medical device regulation prescribed by the European Union, MDR 2017/745 and associated amendments. These requirements shape the manner of an organizations management of risk and the safety of users. Any risk assessments depend on the design features of a device, and how well they are implemented, verified and validated. Only a well-planned and well-maintained quality management system, cognizant of regulation, design management and risk management will achieve compliance and success.
Author: Institute of Medicine Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309162904 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 141
Book Description
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is responsible for assuring that medical devices are safe and effective before they go on the market. As part of its assessment of FDA's premarket clearance process for medical devices, the IOM held a workshop June 14-15 to discuss how to best balance patient safety and technological innovation. This document summarizes the workshop.
Author: Rakesh Kumar Tekade Publisher: Academic Press ISBN: 0323913164 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 816
Book Description
Pharmacokinetics and Toxicokinetic Considerations explains the central principles, cutting-edge methodologies, and incipient thought processes applied to toxicology research. As part of the Advances in Pharmaceutical Product Development and Research series, the book provides expert literature on dose, dosage regimen and dose adjustment, medication errors, and approaches for its prevention, the concept of pharmacotherapy, and managed care in clinical interventions. It expounds on strategies to revamp the pharmacokinetics of the drug and the factors affecting the stability of drugs and their metabolites in biological matrices. Finally, the book offers focused elaborations on various bioanalytical methods for bioavailability and bioequivalence assessment and integrates the wide-ranging principles and concepts shared by toxicokinetics and pharmacodynamics as mutual crosstalk rather than isolated observations. It will be helpful to researchers and advanced students working in the pharmaceutical, cosmetics, biotechnology, food, and related industries including toxicologists, pharmacists, and pharmacologists. Allows readers to systematically integrate up-to-date research findings into their laboratory work Presents focused explorations of bioanalytical methods for bioavailability and bioequivalence assessment Provides clinical applications of concepts
Author: Institute of Medicine Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309212456 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 318
Book Description
Medical devices that are deemed to have a moderate risk to patients generally cannot go on the market until they are cleared through the FDA 510(k) process. In recent years, individuals and organizations have expressed concern that the 510(k) process is neither making safe and effective devices available to patients nor promoting innovation in the medical-device industry. Several high-profile mass-media reports and consumer-protection groups have profiled recognized or potential problems with medical devices cleared through the 510(k) clearance process. The medical-device industry and some patients have asserted that the process has become too burdensome and is delaying or stalling the entry of important new medical devices to the market. At the request of the FDA, the Institute of Medicine (IOM) examined the 510(k) process. Medical Devices and the Public's Health examines the current 510(k) clearance process and whether it optimally protects patients and promotes innovation in support of public health. It also identifies legislative, regulatory, or administrative changes that will achieve the goals of the 510(k) clearance process. Medical Devices and the Public's Health recommends that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration gather the information needed to develop a new regulatory framework to replace the 35-year-old 510(k) clearance process for medical devices. According to the report, the FDA's finite resources are best invested in developing an integrated premarket and postmarket regulatory framework.
Author: Vernon Geckler Publisher: Wasatch Consulting Resources LLC ISBN: 0692835415 Category : Languages : en Pages : 441
Book Description
This handbook provides the most up to date resource currently available for interpreting and understanding design controls. This handbook is the most exhaustive resource ever written about FDA & ISO 13485 design controls for medical devices with a collection of all applicable regulations and real-world examples. Four-hundred & forty, 8.5" X 11" pages provides an extensive evaluation of FDA 21 CFR 820 and is cross-referenced with ISO 13485 to provide readers with a broad and in-depth review of practical design control implementation techniques. This handbook also covers basic, intermediate and advanced design control topics and is an ideal resource for implementing new design control processes or upgrading an existing process into medical device quality systems. This critical resource also specifically outlines key topics which will allow quality managers and medical device developers to improve compliance quickly to pass internal and external audits and FDA inspections. The author breaks down the regulation line by line and provides a detailed interpretation by using supportive evidence from the FDA design control guidance and the quality systems preamble. Numerous examples, case studies, best practices, 70+ figures and 45+ tables provide practical implementation techniques which are based on the author's extensive experience launching numerous medical device products and by integrating industry consultant expertise. In addition, bonus chapters include: explanation of medical device classification, compliance to design controls, risk management, and the design control quality system preamble. 20-40 pages are dedicated to each of the major design control topics: Design and Development Planning, Design Input, Design Output, Design Transfer, Design Verification, Design Validation, Design Change and Design History File.
Author: Shayne C. Gad
Author: Shayne C. Gad
Author: Shayne C. Gad
Author: Bijan Elahi
Author: Des O'Brien
Author: United States. Food and Drug Administration. Task Force on Risk Management
Author: Institute of Medicine
Author: Shayne C. Gad
Author: Rakesh Kumar Tekade
Author: Institute of Medicine
Author: Vernon Geckler