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Author: Girish Shukla Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3642142257 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 392
Book Description
Soil enzymes are one of the vital key mediators involved in nutrient recycling and the decomposition of organic matter and thereby in maintaining soil quality and fertility. This Soil Biology volume covers the various facets of soil enzymes, such as their functions, biochemical and microbiological properties and the factors affecting their activities. Enzymes in the rhizosphere, in forest soils, and in volcanic ash-derived soils are described. Soil enzymes covered include phosphohydrolases, lignocellulose-degrading enzymes, phenol oxidases, fungal oxidoreductases, keratinases, pectinases, xylanases, lipases and pectinases. Several chapters treat the soil enzymatic activities in the bioremediation of soils contaminated with pesticides and pollutants such as oil, chlorinated compounds, synthetic dyes and aromatic hydrocarbons. The role of soil enzymes as bioindicators is a further important topic addressed.
Author: Girish Shukla Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3642142257 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 392
Book Description
Soil enzymes are one of the vital key mediators involved in nutrient recycling and the decomposition of organic matter and thereby in maintaining soil quality and fertility. This Soil Biology volume covers the various facets of soil enzymes, such as their functions, biochemical and microbiological properties and the factors affecting their activities. Enzymes in the rhizosphere, in forest soils, and in volcanic ash-derived soils are described. Soil enzymes covered include phosphohydrolases, lignocellulose-degrading enzymes, phenol oxidases, fungal oxidoreductases, keratinases, pectinases, xylanases, lipases and pectinases. Several chapters treat the soil enzymatic activities in the bioremediation of soils contaminated with pesticides and pollutants such as oil, chlorinated compounds, synthetic dyes and aromatic hydrocarbons. The role of soil enzymes as bioindicators is a further important topic addressed.
Author: Richard P. Dick Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 0891188541 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 416
Book Description
Methods of Soil Enzymology provides the first comprehensive set of vetted methods for studying enzymes in soils. Readers will especially benefit from the step-by-step explanation of the lab procedures, as well as background information for using these methods effectively and analyzing data. Main topics include activity assays, enzyme extraction, and synthetic enzyme complexes. Each method covered includes background informaton, step-by-step descriptions of the procedure, and special comments regarding nuances, pitfalls, and interpretation of the method. Learn the latest research methods, including enzyme extraction methods and procedures for creating synthetic enzyme complexes, as well as the newest ways to use small-scale and high-throughput methods for enzyme activity assays. Written for the researcher, but welcoming to those new to soil enzymology, the introduction includes conceptual information to orient those who are not familiar with these methods but want to use them. In the tradition of SSSA methods books, Methods of Soil Enzymology features a comprehensive approach with a focus on ease of use.
Author: Richard W. Weaver Publisher: ACSESS ISBN: Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 1164
Book Description
Soil sampling for microbiological analysis; Statistical treatment of microbial data; Soil sterilization; Soil water potencial; Most probable number counts; Light microscopic methods for studying soil microorganisms; Viruses; Recovery and enumeration of viable bacteria; Coliform bacteria; Autotrophic nitrifying bacteria; Free-living dinitrogen-fixing bacteria; Legume nodule symbionts; Anaerobic bacteria and processes; Denitrifiers; Actiomycetes; Frankia and the actinorhizal symbiosis; Filamentous fungi; Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi; Isolation of microorganisms producting antibiotics; Microbiological procedures for biodegradation research; Algae and cyanobacteria; Marking soil bacteria with lacZY; Detection of specific DNA sequences in environmental sample via polymerase chaim reaction; Isolation and purification of bacterial DNA from soil; Microbial biomass; Soil enzymes; Carbon mineralization; Isotopic methods for the study of soil organic matter dynamics ; Practical considerations in the use of nitrogen tracers in agricultural and environmental research; Nitrogen availability; Nitrogen mineralization, immobilization, and nitrification; Dinitrogen fixation; Measuring denitrification in the field; Sulfur oxidation and reduction in soils; Iron and manganese oxidation and reduction.
Author: Roger George Burns Publisher: ISBN: Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 400
Book Description
History of abiontic soil ensyme research; Origin and range of enzymes in soil; kinetics and consecutive reactions of soil enzymes; Soil polysaccharidases: activity and agricultural importance; Urease activity in soils; Soil phosphatase and sulphatase; Interactions between agrochemicals and soil enzymes; Enzyme activity in soil: some theoretical and practical considerations; Methodology of soil enzyme measurement and extraction.
Author: Ashok Kumar Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 9811391173 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 407
Book Description
Microbial enzymes play a vital role in maintaining soil health and removing pollutants from contaminated land. Soil microflora is closely associated with maintaining soil fertility, and the use of chemical pesticides, fertilizers and other volatile sprays in agriculture threatens the health ofthe microbial population in the soil. Every single particle of healthy soil contains millions of bacteria, which interact with the nutrients available, sustaining the nutrient cycle and making this microflora an essential component of life on earth. How do microbes help in the nutrient cycle? Either by intracellular digestion of macromolecules and converting these into smaller units in their metabolic pathways, or by secreting enzymes into the extracellular environment to facilitate the conversion of complex macromolecules into micro-molecules that can be easily absorbed by other living species. To meet demands for energy and food for the growing global population, it is important to protect agricultural land from contamination and maintain its productivity. Heavy metal ions from contaminated land canenter crops, fish or aquatic organismsvia contaminated water, and theseare then taken up by the human body, where they can accumulate and alter the normal microflora. The microbiological component of the soil is ahighly complex system and is still not fully understood. How do microbes survive in the changing physicochemical environment of soil?. This book helps readers understand the mechanism, various routes of microbialsoil remediation, the interactionsof different genera, and how microbial enzymes support the sustainable restoration of healthy soil.
Author: Naga Raju Maddela Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319426559 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 51
Book Description
This book addresses issues arising from discharge of effluents from sugar industry on to surrounding land or into a water body such as physicochemical properties of soil, changes in the micro flora, quantification of soil enzyme activities as influenced by effluents. Disposal of effluents without neutralization has become general practice. These effluents are chemically heterogeneous, contain organic and inorganic pollutants including, sugar baggage, molasses, carbonates, bicarbonates. The impact of sugar industry effluents on microbial activities in terrestrial ecosystem is scanty. There is also significant interest in the study of soil enzymes because such effect reflects the potential capacity of a soil to perform certain biological transformation of soil fertility.
Author: Richard G. Burns Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 0824744209 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 740
Book Description
The need to understand the biological processes that are important for essential aquatic and terrestrial ecosystem function has prompted much research into the field of ecological enzymology. This book presents the two broad areas of application in a compilation of reviews by 21 international experts in their respective fields. The first explores enzymatic activities to assess the processes or mechanisms that operate in a given system, such as the rhizosphere, plant leaves and shoots, soil surfaces, and biofilms. The second considers enzymes or microbial cells as sensors to detect microbial activity and stresses due to pollution, management, or climatic change in both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems.
Author: Kassem Alef Publisher: Academic Press ISBN: Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 608
Book Description
Quality control and quality assurance in applied soil microbiology and biochemistry. Soil sampling, handling, storage and analysis. Enrichment, isolation and counting of soil microrganisms. Anaerobic microbial activities in soil. Enzyme activities. Microbial biomass. Community structure. Field methods. Bioremediation of soil.
Author: Shengyan Pu Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0443217734 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 497
Book Description
Extracellular Enzymes in Environments: Responses to Collaborative Remediation of Contaminated Soil and Groundwater provides an overview of the functions, activities, and analysis methods of enzymes in soil and water environments. In addition, the response of enzymes to environmental changes (e.g., contamination, remediation, climate change, fertilization) is also summarized based on experimental results. Spatial and temporal distribution of enzyme activities is assessed using in-situ zymography. Furthermore, variation of enzyme activities in hotspots (i.e., rhizosphere, detritusphere) and controlling factors are also summarized. Provides detailed information on the in-situ zymography technique, which can visualize enzyme activities in soil and water environments Quantifies distribution of enzyme activities in response to nano-metal oxides contamination and use of enzymes to evaluate remediating effect of various carbon-based biomass materials on heavy metal contamination Covers the responses of enzymes to environmental changes (e.g., contamination, remediation, climate change, and fertilization) are summarized
Author: Pankaj Bhatt Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1000600629 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 378
Book Description
Microbial enzymes are important because they can be used for a wide variety of industrial purposes. There is dispersed and scanty information available with respect to microbial enzymes and their industrial applications. In this edited book, leading scientists have covered the various aspects of microbial enzymes and their industrial applications. Using microbial enzymes can help expedite various manufacturing processes and contribute to sustainable development, which is a priority worldwide. Research gaps in the entrainment of microbial enzymes with their direct application in product development are a major focus of this volume. Key Features • Covers microbial enzymes with comprehensive and in-depth information • Benefits students by describing recent advancements into microbial enzymology • Provides updates regarding microbial enzymes for researchers and industrial scientists • Includes findings on the microbial actions for better life
Author: Girish Shukla
Author: Girish Shukla
Author: Richard P. Dick
Author: Richard W. Weaver
Author: Roger George Burns
Author: Ashok Kumar
Author: Naga Raju Maddela
Author: Richard G. Burns
Author: Kassem Alef
Author: Shengyan Pu
Author: Pankaj Bhatt