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Author: Mr.Howell H. Zee Publisher: International Monetary Fund ISBN: 1451974345 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 56
Book Description
This paper reviews conceptual linkages between taxation and unemployment, available empirical evidence and country policies that may have a bearing on these linkages in the OECD and in a sample of developing and transitional economies, Fund policy advice on these issues, and tax policy options in addressing the unemployment problem. It concludes that the emphasis in policy should be placed on minimizing tax distortions, rather than on formulating activist tax policies to reduce unemployment.
Author: Mr.Howell H. Zee Publisher: International Monetary Fund ISBN: 1451974345 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 56
Book Description
This paper reviews conceptual linkages between taxation and unemployment, available empirical evidence and country policies that may have a bearing on these linkages in the OECD and in a sample of developing and transitional economies, Fund policy advice on these issues, and tax policy options in addressing the unemployment problem. It concludes that the emphasis in policy should be placed on minimizing tax distortions, rather than on formulating activist tax policies to reduce unemployment.
Author: Mr.Dennis J. Snower Publisher: International Monetary Fund ISBN: 1451848641 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 22
Book Description
The paper analyzes the wage-employment effects of replacing unemployment benefits by negative income taxes. It first surveys the major equity and efficiency effects of unemployment benefits versus negative income taxes, and summarizes the salient features of many European unemployment benefit systems in this light. Second, it presents a simple theoretical model that focuses on the relative wage-employment effects of unemployment benefits versus negative income taxes. Finally, it provides some empirical groundwork for assessing this relative effect
Author: Isabela Mares Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 1107320909 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 203
Book Description
Why were European economies able to pursue the simultaneous commitment to full employment and welfare state expansion during the first decades of the postwar period and why did this virtuous relationship break down during recent decades? This book provides an answer to this question, by highlighting the critical importance of a political exchange between unions and governments, premised on wage moderation in exchange for the expansion of social services and transfers. The strategies pursued by these actors in these political exchanges are influenced by existing wage bargaining institutions, the character of monetary policy and by the level and composition of social policy transfers. The book demonstrates that the gradual growth in the fiscal burden has undermined the effectiveness of this political exchange, lowering the ability of unions' wage policies to affect employment outcomes.
Author: United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Finance. Subcommittee on Social Security and Income Maintenance Programs Publisher: ISBN: Category : Income tax Languages : en Pages : 260
Author: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development Publisher: OECD Publishing ISBN: Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 112
Book Description
This volume looks at how tax and benefit systems may discourage individuals to seek employment and firms to hire workers. An examination of potential tax and benefit reforms and a survey of changes in OECD countries designed to improve incentives suggest a series of recommendations to policy-makers.
Author: Marco Buti Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing ISBN: Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 328
Book Description
Published on behalf of the Commission of European Communities, this volume of nine papers by experts in public and welfare economics addresses the theoretical and institutional issues, facts, evaluation methods, and general equilibrium effects of European tax and benefit systems on job-creation incentives. Buti, unit head of the Directorate-General for Economic and Financial Affairs of the European Commission in Belgium, and his co-editors (at the Italian Ministry of Labor and Stockholm U., respectively) overview the trade- offs involved in treating the European employment crisis dating back to the 1970s. The MIMIC general equilibrium model for policy experiments is described in a paper on the "Dutch miracle." Figures and tables chart key indicator variables, trends, and models. Annotation copyrighted by Book News Inc., Portland, OR
Author: Laszlo Goerke Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1461507871 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 308
Book Description
This chapter has set out in detail the models which are employed below in order to analyse the labour market effects of changes in tax rates and in alterations in the tax structure. The fundamental mechanisms underlying the different approaches have been pointed out. Moreover, vital assumptions have been emphasised. By delineating the models which are used for the subsequent analyses, implicitly statements have also been made about topics or aspects which this study does not cover. For example, all workers and firms are identical ex ante. However, ex-post differences are allowed for, inter alia, if unemploy ment occurs or if some firms have to close down. These restrictions indicate areas of future research insofar as that the findings for homogeneous workers or firms yield an unambiguous proposal for changes in tax rates or the tax structure in order to promote employment. This is because it would be desir able for tax policy to know whether the predicted effects also hold in a world with ex-ante heterogeneity. Furthermore, the product market has not played a role. Therefore, repercussions from labour markets outcomes on product demand - and vice versa - are absent. 55 Moreover, neither the process of capital accumulation, be it physical or human capital, nor substitution pos sibilities between labour and capital in the firms' production function are taken into account. Finally, international competition is not modelled.
Author: Mr.Alun H. Thomas Publisher: International Monetary Fund ISBN: 1451922744 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 26
Book Description
The paper investigates the relationship between labor taxation and unemployment in Sweden by estimating a labor market model that includes a wage-setting locus and labor demand and supply relationships. The study simulates the effect of a 1 percentage point increase in the payroll tax and in total tax rates. The increase in the payroll tax pushes up labor costs by about 1⁄2 percent over a 5–10 year time horizon. Hours worked fall by 0.5 percent and the unemployment rate rises by 0.3 percentage point. The increase in total tax rates generates a similar result. Therefore, it appears that increases in taxes have adversely affected employment and unemployment in Sweden.
Author: Mr.Howell H. Zee
Author: Mr.Howell H. Zee
Author: Mr.Dennis J. Snower
Author: Isabela Mares
Author: Christopher A. Pissarides
Author: United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Finance. Subcommittee on Social Security and Income Maintenance Programs
Author: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
Author: Marco Buti
Author: Laszlo Goerke
Author: John Sturgis Codman
Author: Mr.Alun H. Thomas