Author: Jan Österberg Publisher: Springer ISBN: 303012410X Category : Philosophy Languages : en Pages : 257
Book Description
This posthumous publication attempts to answer the question of what moral code is the most reasonable. Philosophers often turn to consequentialism or deontological ethics to address this issue. As the author points out, each has valid arguments but each is unable to get the other side to agree. To rectify this, he proposes a third way. Inside, readers will discover a theory that tries to do justice to both sides. The author first details consequentialism and deontological ethics. He also explains their fundamental conflict. One holds the view that you should do what has the best consequences. The other believes that there are actions which are wrong to do even if they have the best consequences. Next, the volume considers various ways to solve this conflict. Would rejecting one theory work? Or, is it possible to somehow reconcile them. The author shows why these solutions fail. He then goes on to present his own. The resulting contractual theory brings together the two opposing ethical convictions. It proposes that what is right and wrong depends on what norms people would agree to. Throughout, coverage explores the psychological, sociological, and historical background of the moral theories discussed. The reason is that moral theories are embedded in social and psychological contexts. They are better understood when the contexts are explicit. This key feature distinguishes the volume from other works in moral philosophy. At the time of his death in July 2011, Jan Österberg was close to completing this manuscript. It was taken up and fully completed by Erik Carlson and Ryszard Sliwinski, both of Uppsala University.
Author: Morton White Publisher: ISBN: Category : Philosophy Languages : en Pages : 336
Book Description
An examination of some of the main problems of contemporary analytic philosophy, in which it is argued that existential statements, necessary truths and ethical judgments are not justified in fundamentally different ways.
Author: John W. McAlister Publisher: AuthorHouse ISBN: 1665511915 Category : Psychology Languages : en Pages : 375
Book Description
This book is the culmination of a 20-year project which synthesizes the work of renowned social philosopher and humanistic psychoanalyst neo-Freudian, Dr. Erich Fromm and the best of Aristotle's Golden-Means doctrine merged with Sigmund Freud's tripartite division of the human psyche - ego, id and superego. This dynamic merger dictates a spherical representation of infinite blends of character traits. Extreme (therefore evil) syndromes garishly emblazon the surface of the sphere; Aristotle's practical wisdom and moral virtues, Freud's genital character and Fromm's Productive Orientation electrifies the synergistic, creative center of the sphere. Friedrich Nietzsche's moral philosophy as well as Saint Thomas Aquinas provided excellent tests of our hypothesis. Fore more on the author, see the last section, "About the Author." "For humanistic ethics all evil strivings are directed against life and all good serves the preservation and unfolding of life" — Erich Fromm, Man For Himself, 1947 "Fromm's affinity with Thomas Aquinas and the Christian theologian Paul Tillich shows us humanism and organized religion need not be hostile to each other!" — John McAlister, Ethical Universe, 2008 "Love ever your neighbor as yourselves - but first be such as LOVE THEMSELVES." — Friedrich Nietzsche, Thus Spake Zarathustra, 1883
Author: Anna Lisa Peterson Publisher: Columbia University Press ISBN: 0231148739 Category : Ethics Languages : en Pages : 218
Book Description
Americans increasingly cite moral values as a factor in how they vote, but when we define morality simply in terms of a voter's position on gay marriage and abortion, we lose sight of the ethical decisions that guide our everyday lives. In our encounters with friends, family members, nature, and nonhuman creatures, we practice a nonutilitarian morality that makes sacrifice a rational and reasonable choice. Recognizing these everyday ethics, Anna L. Peterson argues, helps us move past the seemingly irreconcilable conflicts of culture and refocus on issues that affect real social change. Peterson begins by divining a "second language" for personal and political values, a vocabulary derived from the loving and mutually beneficial relationships of daily life. Even if our interactions with others are fleeting and fragmentary, they provide a viable alternative to the contractual and atomistic attitudes of mainstream culture. Everyday ethics point toward a more just, humane, and sustainable society, and to acknowledge moments of grace in our daily encounters is to realize a different way of relating to people and nonhuman nature--an alternative ethic to cynicism and rank consumerism. In redefining the parameters of morality, Peterson enables us to make fundamental problems such as the distribution of wealth, the use of public land and natural resources, labor and employment policy, and the character of political institutions the preferred focus of debate and action.
Author: Jan Österberg
Author: Morton White
Author: Alexander James Carlyle
Author: James Duggan
Author: Paul Tillich
Author: 
Author: Ana Tanasoca
Author: 
Author: John W. McAlister
Author: Anna Lisa Peterson