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Author: Indra Asil Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0323156509 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 312
Book Description
Plant Improvement and Somatic Cell Genetics includes all but one of the papers presented at two symposia held during the XIII International Botanical Congress in Sydney, Australia, on August 21-28, 1981. ""Frontiers in Plant Breeding"" and ""Cell Culture and Somatic Cell Genetics in Plant Biology"" highlight the ways in which plant breeding techniques can improve crops. The book explores the potentials as well as the limitations of plant breeding, and cellular and molecular techniques in plant improvement. Comprised of 14 chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the potential applications of exotic germplasm for tomato and cereal crop improvement. It continues with a discussion of multiline breeding, breeding of crop plants that can tolerate soil stresses, combining genomes by means of conventional methods, use of embryo culture in interspecific hybridization, use of haploids in plant improvement, and somaclonal variation and somatic hybridization as new techniques for plant improvement. The reader is also introduced to plant cell culture, as well as somatic cell genetics of cereals and grasses, somatic cell fusion for inducing cytoplasmic exchange, uses of cell culture mutants, genetic transformation of plant cells by experimental procedures in the context of plant genetic engineering, and use of molecular biology techniques for recognition and modification of crop plant genotypes. This book will be a useful resource for scientists and plant breeders interested in applying somatic cell genetics for crop improvement.
Author: Indra Asil Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0323156509 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 312
Book Description
Plant Improvement and Somatic Cell Genetics includes all but one of the papers presented at two symposia held during the XIII International Botanical Congress in Sydney, Australia, on August 21-28, 1981. ""Frontiers in Plant Breeding"" and ""Cell Culture and Somatic Cell Genetics in Plant Biology"" highlight the ways in which plant breeding techniques can improve crops. The book explores the potentials as well as the limitations of plant breeding, and cellular and molecular techniques in plant improvement. Comprised of 14 chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the potential applications of exotic germplasm for tomato and cereal crop improvement. It continues with a discussion of multiline breeding, breeding of crop plants that can tolerate soil stresses, combining genomes by means of conventional methods, use of embryo culture in interspecific hybridization, use of haploids in plant improvement, and somaclonal variation and somatic hybridization as new techniques for plant improvement. The reader is also introduced to plant cell culture, as well as somatic cell genetics of cereals and grasses, somatic cell fusion for inducing cytoplasmic exchange, uses of cell culture mutants, genetic transformation of plant cells by experimental procedures in the context of plant genetic engineering, and use of molecular biology techniques for recognition and modification of crop plant genotypes. This book will be a useful resource for scientists and plant breeders interested in applying somatic cell genetics for crop improvement.
Author: National Research Council Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309034345 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 97
Book Description
"The book...is, in fact, a short text on the many practical problems...associated with translating the explosion in basic biotechnological research into the next Green Revolution," explains Economic Botany. The book is "a concise and accurate narrative, that also manages to be interesting and personal...a splendid little book." Biotechnology states, "Because of the clarity with which it is written, this thin volume makes a major contribution to improving public understanding of genetic engineering's potential for enlarging the world's food supply...and can be profitably read by practically anyone interested in application of molecular biology to improvement of productivity in agriculture."
Author: J. Perry Gustafson Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1461324297 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 667
Book Description
The results obtained to date involving the use of in ~ methods to facilitate wide hybridization in plants are voluminous and impressive. The techniques of embryo culture, ovule culture, and in~ pollination and fertilization represent an extension of the normal sexual hybridization process. Successes recorded in obtaining hybrids stem largely from circumventing prezygotic or postzygotic hybridization barriers. Numerous recent successful hybridizations were possible because of the development of improved tissue and cell culture systems for crop plants and attention given to genotypes used in hybridization attempts. Interspecific and intergeneric hybridization utilizing the process of protoplast fusion will bypass the limits set by all sexual me'thods. In addition to combining complete genomes from two different species through protoplast fusion, this system affords unique opportunities for creating novel cytoplasmic combinations, transfer of individual chromosomes, transfer of cytoplasmic organelles, manipulation of male sterility, and for single gene transfer. Some caution must be noted with regard to the extent of hybridization possible between distantly related species. Although practically no limit exists to the physical fusion of protoplasts from widely divergent species, the restrictions imposed by somatic incompatibility have not been adequately addressed. Regeneration of plants from the protoplast or single heterokaryon level is still a major hurdle for many important crop species before somatic cell fusion can be exploited to produce interspecific and intergeneric hybrids. Identification and selection of hybrids is also a limitation to the efficient application of cell fusion methods.
Author: Toshiyuki Nagata Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9783540411123 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 412
Book Description
Somatic hybrids through the fusion of plant protoplasts have widened the genetic variability of cultivated plants. As "Somatic Hybridization in Crop Improvement I", published in 1994, this volume describes how this discipline can contribute to the improvement of crops. It comprises 24 chapters dealing with interspecific and intergeneric somatic hybridization and cybridization. It is divided into four sections: I. Cereals: Barley, rice, and wheat. II. Vegetables and Fruits: Arabidopsis, Asparagus, Brassica, chicory, Citrus, Cucumis, Diospyros, Ipomoea, and various Solanaceous species, e.g., tomato, potato, and eggplant. III. Medicinal and Aromatic Plants: Atropa, Dianthus, Nicotiana, and Senecio. IV. Legumes/Pasture Crops: Alfalfa. This book is tailored to the needs of advanced students, teachers and researchers in the fields of plant breeding, genetic engineering, and plant tissue culture.
Author: M.R. Ahuja Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9400928114 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 228
Book Description
Most forest tree species were considered recalcitrant a decade ago, but now with the improved in vitro techniques some progress has been made towards culture-of tree species. Micro propagation has been achieved from the juvenile tissues of a number of forest tree species. On the other hand, tissues from most mature trees are still very difficult to grow and differen tiate in vitro. Nevertheless, there has been slow but steady progress in the application of tissue culture technology for culture of tissues, organs, cells and protoplasts of tree species. As compared to most agricultural crops, and herbaceous plant species, trees are a different lot. They have long gene ration cycles. They are highly heterozygous and have a large reservoir of genetic variability. Because of this genetic variability, their response in vitro is also variable. On a single medium, the response of tissues from different trees (genotypes) of a single species may be quite different: some responding by induction of growth and differentiation, while others showing minimal or no growth at all. That makes the somatic cell genetics of woody plants somewhat difficult, but at the same time interesting.
Author: Jeff Schell Publisher: ISBN: 9780127150062 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 528
Book Description
V. 1. Laboratory procedures and their applications.--v. 2. Cell growth, nutrition, cytodifferentiation, and cryopreservation.--v. 3. Plant regeneration and genetic variability.--v. 4. Cell culture in phytochemistry.--v. 5. Phytoche micals in plant cell cultures.--v. 6. Molecular biology of plant nuclear genes. --v. 7A. The molecular biology of plastids.--v. 7B. The photosynthetic apparatus: molecular biology and operation.--v. 8. Scale-up and automation in plant propagation.
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309452880 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 329
Book Description
Genome editing is a powerful new tool for making precise alterations to an organism's genetic material. Recent scientific advances have made genome editing more efficient, precise, and flexible than ever before. These advances have spurred an explosion of interest from around the globe in the possible ways in which genome editing can improve human health. The speed at which these technologies are being developed and applied has led many policymakers and stakeholders to express concern about whether appropriate systems are in place to govern these technologies and how and when the public should be engaged in these decisions. Human Genome Editing considers important questions about the human application of genome editing including: balancing potential benefits with unintended risks, governing the use of genome editing, incorporating societal values into clinical applications and policy decisions, and respecting the inevitable differences across nations and cultures that will shape how and whether to use these new technologies. This report proposes criteria for heritable germline editing, provides conclusions on the crucial need for public education and engagement, and presents 7 general principles for the governance of human genome editing.
Author: D. C.) NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL. Board on Agriculture (Washington Publisher: ISBN: Category : Agriculture Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Crop improvement; Gene transfer; A tools for fundamental plant science; Somatic cell genetics; Applying the tools of biotechnology to agricultural problems; Policy and institutional considerations; University-industry relations; Safety regulations.
Author: National Research Council Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309166152 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 254
Book Description
Assists policymakers in evaluating the appropriate scientific methods for detecting unintended changes in food and assessing the potential for adverse health effects from genetically modified products. In this book, the committee recommended that greater scrutiny should be given to foods containing new compounds or unusual amounts of naturally occurring substances, regardless of the method used to create them. The book offers a framework to guide federal agencies in selecting the route of safety assessment. It identifies and recommends several pre- and post-market approaches to guide the assessment of unintended compositional changes that could result from genetically modified foods and research avenues to fill the knowledge gaps.
Author: Indra Asil
Author: Indra Asil
Author: National Research Council
Author: J. Perry Gustafson
Author: Toshiyuki Nagata
Author: Indra K. Vasil
Author: M.R. Ahuja
Author: Jeff Schell
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Author: D. C.) NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL. Board on Agriculture (Washington
Author: National Research Council