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Author: Bruce P. Dohrenwend Publisher: Oxford University Press ISBN: 0195121929 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 584
Book Description
The term "adversity" is used to describe exposure to unpropitious or calamitous circumstances. It occurs in extreme situations such as prolonged combat or natural disasters, both of which affect whole groups or communities of people simultaneously. It is also observed in more individually targeted events, such as child abuse, bereavement, rape, physical illness, marital separation or divorce, unemployment, and homelessness. This volume brings together contributions from leading investigators in the field. They review and analyze research on the nature of adversity and its relationship to major types of psychopathology including schizophrenia, depression, alcoholism and other substance use disorders, antisocial personality disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, and nonspecific distress. Adversity, Stress, and Psychopathology is the only book to offer such a comprehensive and authoritative overview of the role of psychosocial stress in mental disorders. It will be welcomed by psychiatrists: psychologists, especially clinical, health and social; public health researchers, especially epidemiologists; and social scientists, especially sociologists.
Author: Bruce P. Dohrenwend Publisher: Oxford University Press ISBN: 0195121929 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 584
Book Description
The term "adversity" is used to describe exposure to unpropitious or calamitous circumstances. It occurs in extreme situations such as prolonged combat or natural disasters, both of which affect whole groups or communities of people simultaneously. It is also observed in more individually targeted events, such as child abuse, bereavement, rape, physical illness, marital separation or divorce, unemployment, and homelessness. This volume brings together contributions from leading investigators in the field. They review and analyze research on the nature of adversity and its relationship to major types of psychopathology including schizophrenia, depression, alcoholism and other substance use disorders, antisocial personality disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, and nonspecific distress. Adversity, Stress, and Psychopathology is the only book to offer such a comprehensive and authoritative overview of the role of psychosocial stress in mental disorders. It will be welcomed by psychiatrists: psychologists, especially clinical, health and social; public health researchers, especially epidemiologists; and social scientists, especially sociologists.
Author: Kate L. Harkness Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA ISBN: 0190681772 Category : Psychology Languages : en Pages : 769
Book Description
This handbook is currently in development, with individual articles publishing online in advance of print publication. At this time, we cannot add information about unpublished articles in this handbook, however the table of contents will continue to grow as additional articles pass through the review process and are added to the site. Please note that the online publication date for this handbook is the date that the first article in the title was published online.
Author: Marilyn L. Bowman Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1134807171 Category : Psychology Languages : en Pages : 230
Book Description
This book challenges the assumptions of the event-dominated DSM model of posttraumatic stress disorder. Bowmam examines a series of questions directed at the current mental health model, reviewing the empirical literature. She finds that the dose-response assumptions are not supported; the severity of events is not reliable associated with PTSD, but is more reliably associated with important pre-event risk factors. She reviews evidence showing the greater role of individual differences including trait negative affectivity, belief systems, and other risk factors, in comparison with event characteristics, in predicting the disorder. The implications for treatment are significant, as treatment protocols reflect the DSM assertion that event exposure is the cause of the disorder, implying it should be the focus of treatment. Bowman also suggests that an event focus in diagnosis anad treatment risks increases the disorder because it does not provide sufficient attention to important pre-exisiting risk factors.
Author: Sandra L. Bloom Publisher: Oxford University Press ISBN: 9780199830848 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 440
Book Description
For the last thirty years, the nation's mental health and social service systems have been under relentless assault, with dramatically rising costs and the fragmentation of service delivery rendering them incapable of ensuring the safety, security, and recovery of their clients. The resulting organizational trauma both mirrors and magnifies the trauma-related problems their clients seek relief from. Just as the lives of people exposed to chronic trauma and abuse become organized around the traumatic experience, so too have our social service systems become organized around the recurrent stress of trying to do more under greater pressure: they become crisis-oriented, authoritarian, disempowered, and demoralized, often living in the present moment, haunted by the past, and unable to plan for the future. Complex interactions among traumatized clients, stressed staff, pressured organizations, and a social and economic climate that is often hostile to recovery efforts recreate the very experiences that have proven so toxic to clients in the first place. Healing is possible for these clients if they enter helping, protective environments, yet toxic stress has destroyed the sanctuary that our systems are designed to provide. This thoughtful, impassioned critique of business as usual begins to outline a vision for transforming our mental health and social service systems. Linking trauma theory to organizational function, Destroying Sanctuary provides a framework for creating truly trauma-informed services. The organizational change method that has become known as the Sanctuary Model lays the groundwork for establishing safe havens for individual and organizational recovery. The goals are practical: improve clinical outcomes, increase staff satisfaction and health, increase leadership competence, and develop a technology for creating and sustaining healthier systems. Only in this way can our mental health and social service systems become empowered to make a more effective contribution to the overall health of the nation. Destroying Sanctuary is a stirring call for reform and recovery, required reading for anyone concerned with removing the formidable barriers to mental health and social services, from clinicians and administrators to consumer advocates.
Author: Gary W. Evans Publisher: Amer Psychological Assn ISBN: 9781433805653 Category : Psychology Languages : en Pages : 277
Book Description
This book explores how, why and at what level chaos at the familial and societal level affects children. It uses Urie Bronfenbrenner's bioecological theory of human development as the means to understand the nature of relations between chaos and development.
Author: Alon Chen Publisher: Academic Press ISBN: 0128139838 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 390
Book Description
Stress Resilience: Molecular and Behavioral Aspects presents the first reference available on the full-breadth of cutting-edge research being carried out in this field. It includes a wide range of basic molecular knowledge on the potential associations between resilience phenomenon and biochemical balance, but also focuses on the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying stress resilience. World-renowned experts provide chapters that cover everything from the neural circuits of resilience, the effects of early-life adversity, and the transgenerational inheritance of resilience. This unique and timely book will be a go-to resource for neuroscientists and biological psychiatrists who want to improve their understanding of the consequences of stress and on how some people are able to avoid it. Approaches resilience as a process rather than as a static trait Provides basic molecular knowledge on the potential associations between resilience phenomenon and biochemical balance Presents thorough coverage of both the genetic and environmental factors that contribute to resilience
Author: Yogesh Dwivedi Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 143983881X Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 485
Book Description
With recent studies using genetic, epigenetic, and other molecular and neurochemical approaches, a new era has begun in understanding pathophysiology of suicide. Emerging evidence suggests that neurobiological factors are not only critical in providing potential risk factors but also provide a promising approach to develop more effective treatment and prevention strategies. The Neurobiological Basis of Suicide discusses the most recent findings in suicide neurobiology. Psychological, psychosocial, and cultural factors are important in determining the risk factors for suicide; however, they offer weak prediction and can be of little clinical use. Interestingly, cognitive characteristics are different among depressed suicidal and depressed nonsuicidal subjects, and could be involved in the development of suicidal behavior. The characterization of the neurobiological basis of suicide is in delineating the risk factors associated with suicide. The Neurobiological Basis of Suicide focuses on how and why these neurobiological factors are crucial in the pathogenic mechanisms of suicidal behavior and how these findings can be transformed into potential therapeutic applications.
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309683378 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 93
Book Description
With rapidly rising rates of mental health disorders, changing patterns of occurrence, and increasing levels of morbidity, the need for a better understanding of the developmental origins and influence of mental health on children’s behavioral health outcomes has become critical. This need for better understanding extends to both the growing prevalence of mental health disorders as well as the role and impact of neurodevelopmental pathways in their onset and expression. Addressing these changes in disease patterns and effects on children and families will require a multifaceted approach that goes beyond simply making changes to clinical care or adding personnel to the health services system. New policies, financing, and implementation can put established best practices and numerous research findings from around the country into action. The Maternal and Child Health Life Course Intervention Research Network and the Forum for Children's Well-Being at the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine jointly organized a webinar series to explore how mental health disorders develop over the life course, with a special emphasis on prenatal, early, middle, and later childhood development. This series centered on identifying gaps in our knowledge, exploring possible new strategies for using existing data to enhance understanding of the developmental origins of mental disorders, reviewing potential approaches to prevention and optimization, and proposing new ways of framing how to understand, address, and prevent these disorders from a life course development perspective. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the series.
Author: Bruce P. Dohrenwend
Author: Bruce P. Dohrenwend
Author: Ian H. Gotlib
Author: Kate L. Harkness
Author: Marilyn L. Bowman
Author: Sandra L. Bloom
Author: Gary W. Evans
Author: Alon Chen
Author: Yogesh Dwivedi
Author: Jutta Lindert
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine