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Author: Lorenzo Tabarrini Publisher: ISBN: 9780191987274 Category : Land tenure Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
"The patterns of change in rural societies are complex, as they are determined by a multiplicity of factors that need to receive the most careful scrutiny in order to be properly fitted into an overall picture. Discussing complexity is one of the aims of this book, which examines social and economic transformations in the countryside surrounding the Tuscan cities of Florence and Lucca during the central or high medieval period that is from roughly 1000 to 1250. We owe to clerics and monks, and indeed to the resilience of the Church as an institution, the preservation of the written documents on which this research is primarily based; archaeological evidence will be taken into account too. We shall thereby approach socioeconomic history from a particular perspective, focusing on the changing relations between peasants and the ecclesiastical elite who granted land to them in return for annual renders. Those renders are the main point of reference for an assessment of the nature, the scale and (something that I will discuss at length) the pace of change during the central Middle Ages. Naturally, the overwhelming dominance of the Church as our source of information is problematic: peasants who had no links with religious institutions are seldom visible in the documents; the peasant economy, as the set of activities characterizing peasant households (and the logic underpinning them), can barely be seen behind the veil of signorial exactions, which constitute the bulk of our data; and the management of rural estates on the part of lay aristocrats is equally obscure this starts to change only towards the end of our period thanks to the appearance of a new type of source, notarial registers, to which I shall turn in due course). In a nutshell, many things are, and will remain, shrouded in darkness"--
Author: Lorenzo Tabarrini Publisher: ISBN: 9780191987274 Category : Land tenure Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
"The patterns of change in rural societies are complex, as they are determined by a multiplicity of factors that need to receive the most careful scrutiny in order to be properly fitted into an overall picture. Discussing complexity is one of the aims of this book, which examines social and economic transformations in the countryside surrounding the Tuscan cities of Florence and Lucca during the central or high medieval period that is from roughly 1000 to 1250. We owe to clerics and monks, and indeed to the resilience of the Church as an institution, the preservation of the written documents on which this research is primarily based; archaeological evidence will be taken into account too. We shall thereby approach socioeconomic history from a particular perspective, focusing on the changing relations between peasants and the ecclesiastical elite who granted land to them in return for annual renders. Those renders are the main point of reference for an assessment of the nature, the scale and (something that I will discuss at length) the pace of change during the central Middle Ages. Naturally, the overwhelming dominance of the Church as our source of information is problematic: peasants who had no links with religious institutions are seldom visible in the documents; the peasant economy, as the set of activities characterizing peasant households (and the logic underpinning them), can barely be seen behind the veil of signorial exactions, which constitute the bulk of our data; and the management of rural estates on the part of lay aristocrats is equally obscure this starts to change only towards the end of our period thanks to the appearance of a new type of source, notarial registers, to which I shall turn in due course). In a nutshell, many things are, and will remain, shrouded in darkness"--
Author: Lorenzo Tabarrini Publisher: Oxford University Press ISBN: 0198875177 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 253
Book Description
This book examines the forms of estate management in the countryside of Florence and Lucca between the eleventh and the middle of the thirteenth centuries. It argues that their change reflects wider transformations of medieval economic patterns, and specifically the surge in overall demand that occurred in the decades bridging the twelfth and the thirteenth centuries. The reasons for a comparison between the Florentine and the Lucchese countryside lie in the alleged differences of their historical evolution—as it has been outlined by scholars so far. The so-called manorial system (sistema curtense) is believed to have ceased to exist in the Lucchesia around the beginning of the tenth century, whereas in the Fiorentino its disappearance can be dated to the early thirteenth century. Similarly, the Florentine countryside is generally regarded as the birthplace of a particular type of sharecropping regime, the mezzadria poderale, which spread over much of central Italy during the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries and would later become an essential component of Italian agrarian identity. On the contrary, the mezzadria poderale is thought to have never developed at any point in the history of medieval and early modern Lucchesia—and this was indeed the case with all the coastal areas of Tuscany. The book endeavours to examine the characteristics of estate management in the central Middle Ages in their own right; that is to say, by detaching those transformations from any teleological view, and by placing them within the economic and sociopolitical context of the period 1000-1250.
Author: Chris Wickham Publisher: Oxford University Press ISBN: 019259849X Category : History Languages : en Pages : 836
Book Description
A new account of the Mediterranean economy in the 10th to 12th centuries, forcing readers to entirely rethink the underlying logic to medieval economic systems. Chris Wickham re-examines documentary and archaeological sources to give a detailed account of both individual economies, and their relationships with each other. Chris Wickham offers a new account of the Mediterranean economy in the tenth to twelfth centuries, based on a completely new look at the sources, documentary and archaeological. Our knowledge of the Mediterranean economy is based on syntheses which are between 50 and 150 years old; they are based on outdated assumptions and restricted data sets, and were written before there was any usable archaeology; and Wickham contends that they have to be properly rethought. This is the first book ever to give a fully detailed comparative account of the regions of the Mediterranean in this period, in their internal economies and in their relationships with each other. It focusses on Egypt, Tunisia, Sicily, the Byzantine empire, Islamic Spain and Portugal, and north-central Italy, and gives the first comprehensive account of the changing economies of each; only Byzantium has a good prior synthesis. It aims to force our rethinking of how economies worked in the medieval Mediterranean. It also offers a rethinking of how we should understand the underlying logic of the medieval economy in general.
Author: Paul Stock Publisher: Oxford University Press ISBN: 019253386X Category : History Languages : en Pages : 352
Book Description
Europe and the British Geographical Imagination, 1760-1830 explores what literate British people understood by the word 'Europe' in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. Was Europe unified by shared religious heritage? Where were the edges of Europe? Was Europe primarily a commercial network or were there common political practices too? Was Britain itself a European country? While intellectual history is concerned predominantly with prominent thinkers, Paul Stock traces the history of ideas in non-elite contexts, offering a detailed analysis of nearly 350 geographical reference works, textbooks, dictionaries, and encyclopaedias, which were widely read by literate Britons of all classes, and can reveal the formative ideas about Europe circulating in Britain: ideas about religion; the natural environment; race and other theories of human difference; the state; borders; the identification of the 'centre' and 'edges' of Europe; commerce and empire; and ideas about the past, progress, and historical change. By showing how these and other questions were discussed in eighteenth- and nineteenth-century British culture, Europe and the British Geographical Imagination, 1760-1830 provides a thorough and much-needed historical analysis of Britain's enduringly complex intellectual relationship with Europe.
Author: Katherine L. Jansen Publisher: University of Pennsylvania Press ISBN: 0812206061 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 620
Book Description
Medieval Italy gathers together an unparalleled selection of newly translated primary sources from the central and later Middle Ages, a period during which Italy was famous for its diverse cultural landscape of urban towers and fortified castles, the spirituality of Saints Francis and Clare, and the vernacular poetry of Dante, Petrarch, and Boccaccio. The texts highlight the continuities with the medieval Latin West while simultaneously emphasizing the ways in which Italy was exceptional, particularly for its cities that drove Mediterranean trade, its new communal forms of government, the impact of the papacy's temporal claims on the central peninsula, and the richly textured religious life of the mainland and its islands. A unique feature of this volume is its incorporation of the southern part of the peninsula and Sicily—the glittering Norman court at Palermo, the multicultural emporium of the south, and the kingdoms of Frederick II—into a larger narrative of Italian history. Including Hebrew, Arabic, Greek, and Lombard sources, the documents speak in ethnically and religiously differentiated voices, while providing wider chronological and geographical coverage than previously available. Rich in interdisciplinary texts and organized to enable the reader to focus by specific region, topic, or period, this is a volume that will be an essential resource for anyone with a professional or private interest in the history, religion, literature, politics, and built environment of Italy from ca. 1000 to 1400.
Author: Oliver J. Thatcher Publisher: Good Press ISBN: Category : History Languages : en Pages : 512
Book Description
A Source Book for Mediæval History is a scholarly piece by Oliver J. Thatcher. It covers all major historical events and leaders from the Germania of Tacitus in the 1st century to the decrees of the Hanseatic League in the 13th century.
Author: John W. Arthur Publisher: Oxford University Press ISBN: 0197579809 Category : Cooking Languages : en Pages : 305
Book Description
This unique book is an exciting global journey into the origins, technologies, and recipes of ancient beer as well as into beer's continued importance today in diet, ritual, and economics.
Author: Klaus Richter Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA ISBN: 0198843550 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 368
Book Description
The First World War led to a radical reshaping of Europe's political borders. Nowhere was this transformation more profound than in East Central Europe, where the collapse of imperial rule led to the emergence of a series of new states. New borders intersected centuries-old networks of commercial, cultural, and social exchange. The new states had to face the challenges posed by territorial fragmentation and at the same time establish durable state structures within an international order that viewed them as, at best, weak, and at worst, as merely provisional entities that would sooner or later be reintegrated into their larger neighbours' territory. Fragmentation in East Central Europe challenges the traditional view that the emergence of these states was the product of a radical rupture that naturally led from defunct empires to nation states. Using the example of Poland and the Baltic States, it retraces the roots of the interwar states of East Central Europe, of their policies, economic developments, and of their conflicts back to the First World War. At the same time, it shows that these states learned to harness the dynamics caused by territorial fragmentation, thus forever changing our understanding of what modern states can do.
Author: Lorenzo Tabarrini
Author: Lorenzo Tabarrini
Author: Lorenzo Tabarrini
Author: Chris Wickham
Author: Paul Stock
Author: Katherine L. Jansen
Author: Julius Ruiz
Author: Edgcumbe Staley
Author: Oliver J. Thatcher
Author: John W. Arthur
Author: Klaus Richter