Human Amygdala Function in Situations of Unceratin Predictability PDF Download

Author: Hackjin Kim
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 244

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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dissertations, Academic
Languages : en
Pages : 924

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Author: Dick F. Swaab
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0128199768
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 544

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The Hypothalamus is an important area of the brain for understanding a variety of neurological disorders. This volume summarizes for readers the anatomy and physiology of the anterior hypothalamus, to better understand pathology and treatment of hypothalamus related disorders. In addition to anatomy and physiology in humans, cytoarchitecture and chemoarchitecture in rodents is provided. The volume explores the role of the hypothalamus in disorders of eating, sleeping, anxiety, and mood, as well as its role in sexual behavior and gender identity. Coverage includes how Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s and other neurological disorders relate to the hypothalamus. Reviews the anatomy and physiology of the anterior hypothalamus Provides cytoarchitecture and chemoarchitecture from rodents Discusses hypothalamic related disorders of eating, sleeping, anxiety, and mood Covers how Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s and other neurological disorders relate to the hypothalamus Explores the role of the hypothalamus in sexual behavior and gender identity

Author: Warren H. Meck
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 288919034X
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 480

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The perception of time is crucial for everyday activities from the sleep–wake cycle to playing and appreciating music, verbal communication, to the determination of the value of a particular behavior. With regard to the last point, making decisions is heavily influenced by the duration of the various options, the duration of the expected delays for receiving the options, and the time constraints for making a choice. Recent advances suggest that the brain represents time in a distributed manner and reflects time as a result of temporal changes in network states and/or by the coincidence detection of the phase of different neural populations. Moreover, intrinsic oscillatory properties of neural circuits could determine timed motor responses. This Research Topic, partly an emergence of a Satellite EBBS meeting sponsored by the COST-Action TIMELY, will discuss how time in the physical world is reconstructed, distorted and modified in brain networks by emotion, learning and neuropathology. This Research Topic on Timing contains up-to-date reviews regarding the relationship between time and decision-making with respect to the underlying psychological and physiological mechanisms responsible for anticipation and evaluation processes.

Author: Gabriel José Corrêa Mograbi
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889196682
Category : Decision making
Languages : en
Pages : 125

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Book Description
This introduction just aims to be a fast foreword to the special topic now turned into an e-book. The Editorial "Decision-Making Experiments under a Philosophical Analysis: Human Choice as a Challenge for Neuroscience" alongside with my opinion article "Neurophilosophical considerations on decision making: Pushing-up the frontiers without disregarding their foundations" play the real role of considering in more details the articles and the whole purpose of this e-book. What I must highlight in this foreword is that our intention with such a project was to deepen into the very foundations of our current paradigms in decision neuroscience and to philosophically moot its foundations and repercussions. Normal Science (a term coined by Philosopher Thomas Kuhn) works under a research consensus among a scientific community: A shared paradigm, consolidated methods, widespread convictions. Pragmatically, winning formulas must be kept, although, not at any cost. What differentiates a gifted and revolutionary scientist from a more bureaucratic colleague is the capacity and willingness of constantly reevaluating, depurating and refining his/her own paradigm. That is best strategy to avoid that a paradigm itself would gradually come under challenge. In my view, some achievements, in this sense, were brought about in our project. The e-book will be inspiring and informative for both neuroscientists that are concerned with the very foundations of their works and for philosophers that are not blind to empirical evidence. Kant once said: “Thoughts without content are empty, intuitions without concepts are blind”. Paraphrasing Kant we could say: Philosophy without science is empty, science without philosophy is blind.

Author: Russell M. Linden
Publisher: Wipf and Stock Publishers
ISBN: 1666701114
Category : Religion
Languages : en
Pages : 286

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This book offers guidance to professional and lay leaders on how to lead change during disruptive times. It explores Torah episodes, as well as numerous contemporary examples, all of which reveal important lessons on what to do and what not to do, when navigating today’s unpredictable and turbulent environment. The book draws on biblical sources, leadership studies, neuropsychology, history, economics, and other fields that help leaders understand how to prepare for and implement change. It also includes insights from Abraham Lincoln, Ruth Bader Ginsburg, Nelson Mandela, and Colin Powell, as well as change agents in religious communities, law enforcement, human services, and politics. The emphasis is on practical methods that leaders can begin using today. .embed-container { position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden; max-width: 100%; } .embed-container iframe, .embed-container object, .embed-container embed { position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; }

Author: Kerstin Preuschoff
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889194663
Category : Biological psychiatry
Languages : en
Pages : 144

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Book Description
Most decisions in life are based on incomplete information and have uncertain consequences. To successfully cope with real-life situations, the nervous system has to estimate, represent and eventually resolve uncertainty at various levels. A common tradeoff in such decisions involves those between the magnitude of the expected rewards and the uncertainty of obtaining the rewards. For instance, a decision maker may choose to forgo the high expected rewards of investing in the stock market and settle instead for the lower expected reward and much less uncertainty of a savings account. Little is known about how different forms of uncertainty, such as risk or ambiguity, are processed and learned about and how they are integrated with expected rewards and individual preferences throughout the decision making process. With this Research Topic we aim to provide a deeper and more detailed understanding of the processes behind decision making under uncertainty.

Author: Gilles Pourtois
Publisher: Frontiers E-books
ISBN: 2889190927
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 244

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Book Description
Traditionally, cognition and emotion are seen as separate domains that are independent at best and in competition at worst. The French scientist and philosopher Blaise Pascal (1623-1662) famously said “Le coeur a ses raisons que la raison ne connaît point” (The heart has its reasons that reason does not know). Over the last century, however, psychologists and neuroscientists have increasingly appreciated their very strong reciprocal connections and interactions. Initially this was demonstrated in cognitive functions such as attention, learning and memory, and decision making. For instance, an emotional stimulus captures attention (e.g., Anderson & Phelps, 2001). Likewise, emotional stimuli are better learned and remembered than neutral ones (e.g., McGaugh, 1990) and they can provide strong incentives to bias decision making (Bechara et al., 1997). In more recent years, cognitive control has also been found to be intimately intertwined with emotion. This is consistent with an approach that considers cognitive control as an adaptive learning process (Braver & Cohen, 1999), reinforcement learning in particular (Holroyd & Coles, 2002; Verguts & Notebaert, 2009). From this perspective, cognitive control is not a cool encapsulated executive function, but instead involves rapidly calculating the value of situational, contextual, and action cues (Rushworth & Behrens, 2008) for the purpose of adapting the cognitive system toward future optimal performance. A wide array of research has shed light on cognitive control and its interactions with affect or motivation. Behaviorally, important phenomena include how people respond to difficult stimuli (e.g., incongruent stimuli, task switches), negative feedback, or errors and how this influences subsequent task processing. Neurally, an important target structure has been the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and its connections to traditional “emotional” (e.g., amygdala) and “cognitive” areas (e.g., (pre)motor cortex, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex). ACC seems to play a predominant role in integrating distant effects from remote cognitive and emotion systems in order to guide and optimize behavior. The current special issue focuses on the bi-directional link between emotion and cognitive control. We invite studies that investigate the influence from emotion on cognitive control, or vice versa, the influence of cognitive control on emotion. Contributions can be of different types: We welcome empirical contributions (behavioral or neuroscientific) but also computational modeling, theory, or review papers. By bringing together researchers from the traditionally separated domains, we hope to further stimulate the crosstalk between emotion and cognitive control, and thus to deepen our understanding of both.

Author: David D. Franks
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9400744730
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 406

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Until recently, a handbook on neurosociology would have been viewed with skepticism by sociologists, who have long been protective of their disciplinary domain against perceived encroachment by biology. But a number of developments in the last decade or so have made sociologists more receptive to biological factors in sociology and social psychology. Much of this has been encouraged by the coeditors of this volume, David Franks and Jonathan Turner. This new interest has been increased by the explosion of research in neuroscience on brain functioning and brain-environment interaction (via new MRI technologies), with implications for social and psychological functioning. This handbook emphasizes the integration of perspectives within sociology as well as between fields in social neuroscience. For example, Franks represents a social constructionist position following from G.H. Mead’s voluntaristic theory of the act while Turner is more social structural and positivistic. Furthermore, this handbook not only contains contributions from sociologists, but leading figures from the psychological perspective of social neuroscience.

Author: Patrick R. Steffen
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030516180
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 128

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This book presents practical approaches for integrating mindfulness principles into daily life. It examines how to incorporate mindfulness principles into interventions across various fields and with different client populations. In addition, the volume describes how to teach clients to integrate mindfulness techniques into daily living – from general stress reduction and compassionate positive living to working with children with medical conditions or autism to mindful parenting and healthy marriages. The book explains key concepts clearly and succinctly and details practical daily approaches and use. Each chapter presents cutting-edge research that is integrated into effective, proven interventions that represent the gold standard of care and are simple and powerful to use, and concludes with recommendations on how each individual can create his or her own personalized mindfulness approach that matches his or her needs and situation. This book is a must have resource for clinicians, therapists, and health professionals as well as researchers, professors, and graduate students in clinical psychology, psychotherapy/counseling, psychiatry, social work, and developmental psychology.