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Author: S.F. Singer Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9401034206 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 145
Book Description
The publication of this book is extremely timely, for the next major advances in manned space flight after Project Apollo will most likely be made in earth orbital operations. Manned exploration of the moon will certainly continue after the initial landing, but it will be performed essentially with the Saturn V launch vehicles and Apollo spacecraft developed in Apollo, especially in the early phases. Modifications to this basic hardware will increase operating capabilities to permit extensive lunar explo ration during prolonged stay times by the astronauts on the moon's surface. Manned orbital space stations have been studied for years, and NASA is already well along in development of its first attempt to provide more spacious accommo dations for astronaut-scientists in its Saturn Workshop program. While the Workshop is certainly not the ultimate space station of which our technology is capable, it is a workable, poor man's approach to the immediate need for using and expanding our present manned space flight capability without a de trimentalloss of momentum. The approach of converting a Saturn rocket stage into a manned laboratory and observatory in space is an improvisation that matches the use of the jerry-built Jupiter C back in 1958 to launch Explorer I. Let's hope that it can get the job done just as effectively.
Author: S.F. Singer Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9401034206 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 145
Book Description
The publication of this book is extremely timely, for the next major advances in manned space flight after Project Apollo will most likely be made in earth orbital operations. Manned exploration of the moon will certainly continue after the initial landing, but it will be performed essentially with the Saturn V launch vehicles and Apollo spacecraft developed in Apollo, especially in the early phases. Modifications to this basic hardware will increase operating capabilities to permit extensive lunar explo ration during prolonged stay times by the astronauts on the moon's surface. Manned orbital space stations have been studied for years, and NASA is already well along in development of its first attempt to provide more spacious accommo dations for astronaut-scientists in its Saturn Workshop program. While the Workshop is certainly not the ultimate space station of which our technology is capable, it is a workable, poor man's approach to the immediate need for using and expanding our present manned space flight capability without a de trimentalloss of momentum. The approach of converting a Saturn rocket stage into a manned laboratory and observatory in space is an improvisation that matches the use of the jerry-built Jupiter C back in 1958 to launch Explorer I. Let's hope that it can get the job done just as effectively.
Author: Philip Baker Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 0387684883 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 183
Book Description
This book charts the history of manned space stations in a logical, chronological order. It tells the story of the two major space powers starting out on their very separate programs, but slowly coming together. It describes rarely mentioned development programs, most of which never flew, including the US Manned Orbiting Laboratory, the Soviet Almaz station, and the Soviet Polyus battlestation. The Mir space station was one of the greatest human achievements in modern history, and a thorough telling of its story is essential to this book. This book is the first of its kind to tell the whole story of the manned space stations from the USA and Russia.
Author: United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Aeronautical and Space Sciences Publisher: ISBN: Category : Launch complexes (Astronautics) Languages : en Pages : 96
Author: Courtney J V Homer Publisher: Nimble Books ISBN: 9781608882656 Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
In the world of deeply classified military projects, "never-weres" and "might have beens" can shed great light on what actually has been happening behind the scenes. The Manned Orbital Laboratory, a secret project that was cancelled in 1969, illustrates that for more than sixty years, the US government has been energetically seeking persistent, easily-retasked, adaptive, and above all intelligent capabilities for monitoring adversaries from space. For those interested in military space[1], the history offers an essential reference point. If the MOL had flown, it would have been super cool; but the US secured the desired capabilities by other means, many of which are still deep black. This document provides a comprehensive overview of the Manned Orbiting Laboratory (MOL) program, a United States Air Force initiative in the 1960s aimed at developing a manned space platform for military reconnaissance during the Cold War. The document explores the objectives, challenges, and eventual cancellation of the program, as well as the debates and differing opinions surrounding MOL. It discusses concerns about cost, international relations, and the role of humans in space. The document also covers the training program for MOL crew members, their roles and responsibilities, and the development of the MOL system. Personal accounts express shock and disappointment over the program's termination, and mention the consequences such as layoffs and the transfer of MOL crew members to NASA. Overall, this document offers insights into the complexities and controversies surrounding the MOL program. This annotated edition illustrates the capabilities of the AI Lab for Book-Lovers to add context and ease-of-use to manuscripts. It includes five types of abstracts, building from simplest to more complex: TLDR (one word), ELI5, TLDR (vanilla), Scientific Style, and Action Items; four essays to increase viewpoint diversity: Context in the Discourse, Formal Dissent; Red Team Critique; and MAGA Perspective; and Notable Passages and Nutshell Summaries for each page. [1] Indeed, "For All Mankind."-Ed.
Author: James Outzen Publisher: Nimble Books ISBN: 9781608882069 Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
This Space Power series from Nimble Books was inspired by the creation of United States Space Force in 2019. New military services are only created once or twice a century. In time, military space history should grow to have the same breadth and depth of topical coverage as military, naval, and aviation history. There are books and enthusiasts for every army, navy and air force for every nation for every era, for every type of weapon and every type of soldier. Certain topics and genres have an enduring advantage in glamor and sales: tanks, battleships, fighters, the Wehrmacht, SEALs. It's not immediately obvious which topics will carry that aura in the history of military space. This NRO book about the Manned Orbiting Laboratory falls in the "never were/space station" crossover subgenre. I hope that it will find an enthusiastic audience among those who groove on what MOL might have been. An eye in the sky; a decisive weapon; in the Cold War; a tragic casualty of space war; a driver for earlier human colonization of space: let your imagination soar! The document provides comprehensive information about the planning, development, and challenges faced by the Manned Orbiting Laboratory (MOL) program. It discusses the involvement of the Air Force and NASA, the termination of the Dyna-Soar program, and the approval of the MOL program. The document also highlights the decision-making process, the rationale behind the cancellation of Dyna-Soar, and the initiation of the MOL program. It provides details about the objectives, experiments, management structure, and funding of the MOL program. Additionally, it discusses the technical challenges, the debate between a manned and unmanned system, and the financial issues faced by the program. The document concludes with information about the budget, developmental, and schedule problems faced by the MOL program, including the slippage in sensor development and the efforts to compress the development timeline. This annotated edition illustrates the capabilities of the AI Lab for Book-Lovers to add context and ease-of-use to manuscripts. It includes five types of abstracts, building from simplest to more complex: TLDR (one word), ELI5, TLDR (vanilla), Scientific Style, and Action Items; four essays to increase viewpoint diversity: Context in the Discourse, Formal Dissent; Red Team Critique; and MAGA Perspective; and Notable Passages and Nutshell Summaries for each page.
Author: Courtney V. K. Homer Publisher: ISBN: 9781937219246 Category : Astronautics, Military Languages : en Pages : 104
Book Description
In 1963, the Air Force annouced it was developing a program to increase the Defense Department efforts to determine military usefulness in space. This program was called MOL (Manned Orbiting Laboratory). The program also held a highly classified component called "Dorian," managed by the National Reconnaissance Office. When the NRO declassified all its files on the Dorian and MOL programs in 2015, five astronauts (James Abrahamson, Karol Bobko, Albert Crews, Bob Crippen, and Richard Truly) and the program's technical director, Michael Yarymovych, shared their experiences and insight of being trained to be America's spies in space during the Cold War.
Author: U. S. Military Publisher: ISBN: 9781689451109 Category : Languages : en Pages : 168
Book Description
This report was released by the NRO in May 2019. Between 1965 and 1969, quietly and without fanfare, 17 non-NASA individuals were astronaut-trained in order to meet the reconnaissance needs of the United States. They came from across the military services. Participants in the Manned Orbiting Laboratory program trained tirelessly and worked relentlessly because they believed they could contribute something unique to U.S. reconnaissance efforts and because they all shared a dream of flying in space. The purpose of this book is to offer a first-hand account of the MOL program for the first time. Shrouded in secrecy, the MOL program was declassified by the National Reconnaissance Office in 2015. This is the first opportunity many participants had to share their experiences with anyone outside their small cadres. The bulk of the book is written in their words, taken directly from transcripts of oral history interviews conducted over the last five years with program participants, as well as official documents and transcripts written by the officers who participated in and managed the programs.This compilation includes a reproduction of the 2019 Worldwide Threat Assessment of the U.S. Intelligence Community.Although the US Air Force announced the MOL project, they did not disclose the primary purpose of the program-to serve as a manned reconnaissance platform in space. Instead, the Air Force disclosed that the platform would be used for space experiments. During the early planning stages of the MOL program, the US Air Force sought a compelling reason for developing the program given NASA's mandate for manned space flight. The newly formed National Reconnaissance Office provided the most compelling reason for a military manned space program, putting a high resolution telescope into space to observe the activities of the Soviet Union and other US adversaries. At the time MOL was under development, the United States had already demonstrated that imagery and signals intelligence from space satellites provided compelling insight to US leaders, including the president. The limitations, especially of photoreconnaissance satellites, included timeliness of the intelligence and capture of the intelligence in optimal weather conditions. Photoreconnaissance satellites captured images on film that took days to weeks to be deorbited, processed, analyzed, and made available to senior US leadership. Often the imagery was of limited value because of persistent cloud cover over areas of interest to the US. A manned imagery collection system in space seemed an elegant solution for overcoming these limitations. In theory, national reconnaissance astronauts could spot targets of interest, especially in a crisis, and image on orbits where those areas of interest were free of cloud cover. The astronauts could then develop and provide a preliminary readout of conditions on the ground in a crisis situation. If successful, the MOL program would provide intelligence information that would otherwise not be available for critical US decision-making.Although the MOL program was cancelled, its legacy continued not only through the contributions to US space and defense programs by the astronauts who trained for the program, but also the technological development from the program. The technology investments in MOL were transferred to NASA for its own manned laboratory program that launched in the 1970s. The NRO also directly benefited in investments in both launch and reconnaissance collection systems that would mature for use in other NRO programs.
Author: United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Science and Technology Advisory Committee for Manned Space Flight Publisher: ISBN: Category : Astronautics Languages : en Pages : 52
Author: S.F. Singer
Author: S.F. Singer
Author: Philip Baker
Author: United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Aeronautical and Space Sciences
Author: Courtney J V Homer
Author: Fred S. Singer
Author: James Outzen
Author: Courtney V. K. Homer
Author: U. S. Military
Author: United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Science and Technology Advisory Committee for Manned Space Flight
Author: Manned Spacecraft Center (U.S.)