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Author: Nordic Council of Ministers Publisher: ISBN: 9789289337076 Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
The existing EU chemical legislation only covers some of the effects caused by endocrine disruption. In the proposal for the new REACH system, endocrine disrupters are covered by the authorisation procedure based on a case-by-case assessment, but no indication of criteria for the assessment is given. Several toxicological and ecotoxicological screening tests for predicting endocrine disrupting properties of a chemical are now under development and international validation within the OECD, but it will probably take several years before the full range of validated testing methods and criteria are developed. In the meantime there is a need for guidance on how to interpret test results from existing test methods and how to identify a substance as an endocrine disrupter. Regulatory instruments that can be used towards endocrine disrupters should also be considered in this interim period. The aim of this project has been to investigate if and how the OECD Conceptual Framework for Testing and Assessment of Endocrine Disrupters can be used as a basis for regulatory initiatives towards endocrine disrupters. The report includes an assessment of the tests in the OECD Conceptual Framework, including specification of the endpoint for the test and reliability and relevance for effects in humans. This report is expected to serve as a basis for the Nordic contribution to the discussions in EU on interpretation and use of test results indicating endocrine disruption for regulatory purposes and furthermore, how to integrate endocrine disrupters in the new EU chemicals regulation
Author: Nordic Council of Ministers Publisher: ISBN: 9789289337076 Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
The existing EU chemical legislation only covers some of the effects caused by endocrine disruption. In the proposal for the new REACH system, endocrine disrupters are covered by the authorisation procedure based on a case-by-case assessment, but no indication of criteria for the assessment is given. Several toxicological and ecotoxicological screening tests for predicting endocrine disrupting properties of a chemical are now under development and international validation within the OECD, but it will probably take several years before the full range of validated testing methods and criteria are developed. In the meantime there is a need for guidance on how to interpret test results from existing test methods and how to identify a substance as an endocrine disrupter. Regulatory instruments that can be used towards endocrine disrupters should also be considered in this interim period. The aim of this project has been to investigate if and how the OECD Conceptual Framework for Testing and Assessment of Endocrine Disrupters can be used as a basis for regulatory initiatives towards endocrine disrupters. The report includes an assessment of the tests in the OECD Conceptual Framework, including specification of the endpoint for the test and reliability and relevance for effects in humans. This report is expected to serve as a basis for the Nordic contribution to the discussions in EU on interpretation and use of test results indicating endocrine disruption for regulatory purposes and furthermore, how to integrate endocrine disrupters in the new EU chemicals regulation
Author: Ulla Hass Publisher: Nordic Council of Ministers ISBN: 9289310731 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 101
Book Description
The existing EU chemical legislation only covers some of the effects caused by endocrine disruption. In the proposal for the new REACH system, endocrine disrupters are covered by the authorisation procedure based on a case-by-case assessment, but no indication of criteria for the assessment is given. Several toxicological and ecotoxicological screening tests for predicting endocrine disrupting properties of a chemical are now under development and international validation within the OECD, but it will probably take several years before the full range of validated testing methods and criteria are developed. In the meantime there is a need for guidance on how to interpret test results from existing test methods and how to identify a substance as an endocrine disrupter. Regulatory instruments that can be used towards endocrine disrupters should also be considered in this interim period. The aim of this project has been to investigate if and how the OECD Conceptual Framework for Testing and Assessment of Endocrine Disrupters can be used as a basis for regulatory initiatives towards endocrine disrupters. The report includes an assessment of the tests in the OECD Conceptual Framework, including specification of the endpoint for the test and reliability and relevance for effects in humans. This report is expected to serve as a basis for the Nordic contribution to the discussions in EU on interpretation and use of test results indicating endocrine disruption for regulatory purposes and furthermore, how to integrate endocrine disrupters in the new EU chemicals regulation.
Author: OECD Publisher: OECD Publishing ISBN: 9264221417 Category : Languages : en Pages : 524
Book Description
This document is a tool to support regulatory authorities’ decisions on the hazard of specific chemicals when they receive test results from a Test Guideline (TG) or draft TG for the screening/testing of chemicals for endocrine disrupting properties.
Author: Jann Hau Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 0429801599 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 1890
Book Description
Building upon the success of previous editions of the bestselling Handbook of Laboratory Animal Science, first published in 1994, this latest revision combines all three volumes in one definitive guide. It covers the essential principles and practices of Laboratory Animal Science as well as selected animal models in scientific disciplines where much progress has been made in recent years. Each individual chapter focuses on an important subdiscipline of laboratory animal science, and the chapters can be read and used as stand-alone texts, with only limited necessity to consult other chapters for information. With new contributors at the forefront of their fields, the book reflects the scientific and technological advances of the past decade. It also responds to advances in our understanding of animal behavior, emphasizing the importance of implementing the three Rs: replacing live animals with alternative methods, reducing the number of animals used, and refining techniques to minimize animal discomfort. This fourth edition will be useful all over the world as a textbook for laboratory animal science courses for postgraduate and undergraduate students and as a handbook for scientists who work with animals in their research, for university veterinarians, and for other specialists in laboratory animal science.
Author: Germaine Buck Louis Publisher: World Health Organization ISBN: 924157237X Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 352
Book Description
Conclusions, and recommendations -- Introduction and background -- Unique biological characteristics of children -- Developmental stage-specific susceptibilities and outcomes in children -- Exposure assessment of children -- Methodologies to assess health outcomes in children -- Implications and strategies for risk assessment for children.
Author: OECD Publisher: OECD Publishing ISBN: 9264304746 Category : Languages : en Pages : 689
Book Description
This guidance document was originally published in 2012 and updated in 2018 to reflect new and updated OECD test guidelines, as well as reflect on scientific advances in the use of test methods and assessment of the endocrine activity of chemicals.
Author: OECD Publisher: OECD Publishing ISBN: 9264085491 Category : Languages : en Pages : 213
Book Description
This Detailed Review Paper describes some endocrine pathways that have been shown to be susceptible to environmental endocrine disruption and whose disruption could contribute to increasing incidents of some disorders in humans and wildlife populations.
Author: Alexandra Fucic Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry ISBN: 1788017412 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 539
Book Description
Insight into the role of hormones, particularly estrogen and testosterone, in health and disease etiology - including interactions with other hormone pathways - has dramatically changed. Estrogen and androgen receptors, with their polymorphisms, are key molecules in all tissues and are involved in a number of homeostatic mechanisms but also pathological processes including carcinogenesis and the development of metabolic and neurological disorders such as diabetes and Alzheimer's disease. Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) can interfere with the endocrine (hormone) systems at certain dosages and play a key role in the pathology of disease. Most known EDCs are manmade and are therefore an increasing concern given the number commonly found in household products and the environment. This book will cover the mechanisms of EDC pathology across the spectrum of disease, as well as risk assessment and government and legal regulation to provide a holistic view of the current issues and cutting-edge research in the topic. With contributions from global leaders in the field, this book will be an ideal reference for toxicologists, endocrinologists and researchers interested in developmental biology, regulatory toxicology and the interface between environment and human health.
Author: Jann Hau Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1420084585 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 469
Book Description
Biomedical research involving animals remains essential for the advancement of the medical, veterinary, agricultural, and biological sciences. Following in the footsteps of its predecessors, the Handbook of Laboratory Animal Science, Volume II, Third Edition: Animal Models explains in great detail the comparative considerations underlying the choic
Author: Nordic Council of Ministers
Author: Nordic Council of Ministers
Author: Ulla Hass
Author: OECD
Author: OECD
Author: Jann Hau
Author: Germaine Buck Louis
Author: OECD
Author: OECD
Author: Alexandra Fucic
Author: Jann Hau