Author: John Caldwell CalhounPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Nullification (States' rights)
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
On Nullification and the Force Bill
Author: John Caldwell CalhounPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Nullification (States' rights)
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
Olive Branch and Sword
Author: Merrill D. PetersonPublisher: LSU Press
ISBN: 9780807124970
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 152
Book Description
Dominated by the personalities of three towering figures of the nation's middle period -- Henry Clay, John C. Calhoun, and President Andrew Jackson -- Olive Branch and Sword: The Compromise of 1833 tells of the political and rhetorical dueling that brought about the Compromise of 1833, resolving the crisis of the Union caused by South Carolina's nullification of the protective tariff.In 1832 South Carolina's John C. Calhoun denounced the entire protectionist system as unconstitutional, unequal, and founded on selfish sectional interests. Opposing him was Henry Clay, the Kentucky senator and champion of the protectionists. Both Calhoun and Clay had presidential ambitions, and neither could agree on any issue save their common opposition to President Jackson, who seemed to favor a military solution to the South Carolina problem. It was only when Clay, after the most complicated maneuverings, produced the Compromise of 1833 that he, Calhoun, and Jackson could agree to coexist peaceably within the Union.The compromise consisted of two key parts. The Compromise Tariff, written by Clay and approved by Calhoun, provided for the gradual reduction of duties to the revenue level of 20 percent. The Force Bill, enacted at the request of President Jackson, authorized the use of military force, if necessary, to put down nullification in South Carolina. The two acts became, respectively, the olive branch and the sword of the compromise that preserved the peace, the Union, and the Constitution in 1833.A careful study of what has become a neglected event in American political history, Merrill D. Peterson's work spans a period of over thirty years -- sketching the background of national policy out of which nullification arose, detailing the explosive events of 1832 and 1833, and then tracing the consequences of the compromise through the dozen or so years that it remained in public controversy. Considering as well the larger question of decision making and policy making in the Jacksonian republic, Peterson nonetheless never loses sight of the crucial role played by the ambitions, whims, and passions of such men as Calhoun, Clay, and Jackson in determining the course of history.
Against the Force Bill
Author: John C. CalhounPublisher: Good Press
ISBN:
Category : Fiction
Languages : en
Pages : 63
Book Description
"Against the Force Bill" is a speech by John C. Calhoun, an American politician and political theorist, in which he strongly endorsed nullification of the Force Bill which empowered the President of the United States to use military force to ensure state compliance with federal law. Passed by Congress during the Nullification Crisis, at the urging of President Andrew Jackson, the Force Bill was designed to compel the state of South Carolina's compliance with a series of federal tariffs. The bill was opposed by John C. Calhoun and he managed to cancel it.
A Critical Study of Nullification in South Carolina
Author: David Franklin HoustonPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Nullification
Languages : en
Pages : 188
Book Description
The Nullification Controversy in South Carolina ...
Author: Chauncey Samuel BoucherPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Nullification
Languages : en
Pages : 424
Book Description
The Nullification Era
Author: William W. FreehlingPublisher: New York : Harper & Row
ISBN:
Category : Nullification
Languages : en
Pages : 232
Book Description
The Union at Risk
Author: Richard E. EllisPublisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0199879060
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 288
Book Description
The Nullification Crisis of 1832-33 is undeniably the most important major event of Andrew Jackson's two presidential terms. Attempting to declare null and void the high tariffs enacted by Congress in the late 1820s, the state of South Carolina declared that it had the right to ignore those national laws that did not suit it. Responding swiftly and decisively, Jackson issued a Proclamation reaffirming the primacy of the national government and backed this up with a Force Act, allowing him to enforce the law with troops. Although the conflict was eventually allayed by a compromise fashioned by Henry Clay, the Nullification Crisis raises paramount issues in American political history. The Union at Risk studies the doctrine of states' rights and illustrates how it directly affected national policy at a crucial point in 19th-century politics. Ellis also relates the Nullification Crisis to other major areas of Jackson's administration--his conflict with the National Bank, his Indian policy, and his relationship with the Supreme Court--providing keen insight into the most serious sectional conflict before the Civil War.
Union and Liberty
Author: John Caldwell CalhounPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 664
Book Description
"A Liberty Classics edition"--T.p. verso.Selected speeches: p. [401]-601. Includes bibliographical references and index.
Against the Force Bill by
Author: John C. CalhounPublisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN: 9781979429566
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 86
Book Description
John Caldwell Calhoun March 18, 1782 - March 31, 1850) was an American statesman and political theorist from South Carolina, and the seventh Vice President of the United States from 1825 to 1832. He is remembered for strongly defending slavery and for advancing the concept of minority rights in politics, which he did in the context of defending white Southern interests from perceived Northern threats. He began his political career as a nationalist, modernizer, and proponent of a strong national government and protective tariffs. By the late 1820s, his views reversed and he became a leading proponent of states' rights, limited government, nullification, and opposition to high tariffs-he saw Northern acceptance of these policies as the only way to keep the South in the Union. His beliefs and warnings heavily influenced the South's secession from the Union in 1860-1861.
Clashing Over Commerce
Author: Douglas A. IrwinPublisher: University of Chicago Press
ISBN: 022639901X
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 873
Book Description
A Foreign Affairs Best Book of the Year: “Tells the history of American trade policy . . . [A] grand narrative [that] also debunks trade-policy myths.” —Economist Should the United States be open to commerce with other countries, or should it protect domestic industries from foreign competition? This question has been the source of bitter political conflict throughout American history. Such conflict was inevitable, James Madison argued in the Federalist Papers, because trade policy involves clashing economic interests. The struggle between the winners and losers from trade has always been fierce because dollars and jobs are at stake: depending on what policy is chosen, some industries, farmers, and workers will prosper, while others will suffer. Douglas A. Irwin’s Clashing over Commerce is the most authoritative and comprehensive history of US trade policy to date, offering a clear picture of the various economic and political forces that have shaped it. From the start, trade policy divided the nation—first when Thomas Jefferson declared an embargo on all foreign trade and then when South Carolina threatened to secede from the Union over excessive taxes on imports. The Civil War saw a shift toward protectionism, which then came under constant political attack. Then, controversy over the Smoot-Hawley tariff during the Great Depression led to a policy shift toward freer trade, involving trade agreements that eventually produced the World Trade Organization. Irwin makes sense of this turbulent history by showing how different economic interests tend to be grouped geographically, meaning that every proposed policy change found ready champions and opponents in Congress. Deeply researched and rich with insight and detail, Clashing over Commerce provides valuable and enduring insights into US trade policy past and present. “Combines scholarly analysis with a historian’s eye for trends and colorful details . . . readable and illuminating, for the trade expert and for all Americans wanting a deeper understanding of America’s evolving role in the global economy.” —National Review “Magisterial.” —Foreign Affairs