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Author: Andrea M. Bludowsky Publisher: Sudwestdeutscher Verlag Fur Hochschulschriften AG ISBN: 9783838112992 Category : Languages : en Pages : 148
Book Description
Many papers deal with the most common model for crossover designs, which typically include period, unit, direct treatment, and carryover effects. However, some authors argue the common model to be too simple in its assumptions and suggest that unit by treatment interaction may be of additional importance. Therefore, the interest of this doctoral thesis is to find optimal crossover designs in an unconstrained model with random assessor effects. The observations are assumed to be influenced by carryover effects and additional interactions between treatments and units. Kushner's method is applied in order to evaluate how interaction and carryover effects operate conjointly in an optimal crossover design. The method by Kushner maximizes the trace of the information matrix of the design on the basis of design-dependent equivalence class functions. There are three equivalence classes of treatment sequences, which are crucial for the generation of an approximated optimal design if the number of periods does not exceed six.
Author: Andrea M. Bludowsky Publisher: Sudwestdeutscher Verlag Fur Hochschulschriften AG ISBN: 9783838112992 Category : Languages : en Pages : 148
Book Description
Many papers deal with the most common model for crossover designs, which typically include period, unit, direct treatment, and carryover effects. However, some authors argue the common model to be too simple in its assumptions and suggest that unit by treatment interaction may be of additional importance. Therefore, the interest of this doctoral thesis is to find optimal crossover designs in an unconstrained model with random assessor effects. The observations are assumed to be influenced by carryover effects and additional interactions between treatments and units. Kushner's method is applied in order to evaluate how interaction and carryover effects operate conjointly in an optimal crossover design. The method by Kushner maximizes the trace of the information matrix of the design on the basis of design-dependent equivalence class functions. There are three equivalence classes of treatment sequences, which are crucial for the generation of an approximated optimal design if the number of periods does not exceed six.
Author: Bernard Ravina Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 1107376572 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 387
Book Description
Translating laboratory discoveries into successful therapeutics can be difficult. Clinical Trials in Neurology aims to improve the efficiency of clinical trials and the development of interventions in order to enhance the development of new treatments for neurologic diseases. It introduces the reader to the key concepts underpinning trials in the neurosciences. This volume tackles the challenges of developing therapies for neurologic disorders from measurement of agents in the nervous system to the progression of clinical signs and symptoms through illustrating specific study designs and their applications to different therapeutic areas. Clinical Trials in Neurology covers key issues in Phase I, II and III clinical trials, as well as post-marketing safety surveillance. Topics addressed include regulatory and implementation issues, outcome measures and common problems in drug development. Written by a multidisciplinary team, this comprehensive guide is essential reading for neurologists, psychiatrists, neurosurgeons, neuroscientists, statisticians and clinical researchers in the pharmaceutical industry.
Author: Jürgen Pilz Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3031066855 Category : Mathematics Languages : en Pages : 166
Book Description
This book provides an overview of the role of statistics in Risk Analysis, by addressing theory, methodology and applications covering the broad scope of risk assessment in life sciences and public health, environmental science as well as in economics and finance. Experimental Design plays a key role in many of these areas, therefore there is special attention paid to joining Risk Analysis and Experimental Design topics. The contributions of this volume originate from the 8th International Conference on Risk Analysis (23-26 April, 2019, Vienna). The conference brought together researchers and practitioners working in the field of Risk Analysis. The most important contributions at the conference have been refereed and developed into chapters to show the latest developments in the field.
Author: Stephen S. Senn Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 0470854588 Category : Mathematics Languages : en Pages : 364
Book Description
Cross-over trials are an important class of design used in the pharmaceutical industry and medical research, and their use continues to grow. Cross-over Trials in Clinical Research, Second Edition has been fully updated to include the latest methodology used in the design and analysis of cross-over trials. It includes more background material, greater coverage of important statistical techniques, including Bayesian methods, and discussion of analysis using a number of statistical software packages. * Comprehensive coverage of the design and analysis of cross-over trials. * Each technique is carefully explained and the mathematics is kept to a minimum. * Features many real and original examples, taken from the author's vast experience. * Includes discussion of analysis using SAS, S-Plus and, GenStat, StatXact and Excel. * Written in a style suitable for statisticians and physicians alike. * Computer programs to accompany the examples in the book can be downloaded from the Web Primarily aimed at statisticians and researchers working in the pharmaceutical industry, the book will also appeal to physicians involved in clinical research and students of medical statistics.
Author: Institute of Medicine Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 9780309171144 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 222
Book Description
Clinical trials are used to elucidate the most appropriate preventive, diagnostic, or treatment options for individuals with a given medical condition. Perhaps the most essential feature of a clinical trial is that it aims to use results based on a limited sample of research participants to see if the intervention is safe and effective or if it is comparable to a comparison treatment. Sample size is a crucial component of any clinical trial. A trial with a small number of research participants is more prone to variability and carries a considerable risk of failing to demonstrate the effectiveness of a given intervention when one really is present. This may occur in phase I (safety and pharmacologic profiles), II (pilot efficacy evaluation), and III (extensive assessment of safety and efficacy) trials. Although phase I and II studies may have smaller sample sizes, they usually have adequate statistical power, which is the committee's definition of a "large" trial. Sometimes a trial with eight participants may have adequate statistical power, statistical power being the probability of rejecting the null hypothesis when the hypothesis is false. Small Clinical Trials assesses the current methodologies and the appropriate situations for the conduct of clinical trials with small sample sizes. This report assesses the published literature on various strategies such as (1) meta-analysis to combine disparate information from several studies including Bayesian techniques as in the confidence profile method and (2) other alternatives such as assessing therapeutic results in a single treated population (e.g., astronauts) by sequentially measuring whether the intervention is falling above or below a preestablished probability outcome range and meeting predesigned specifications as opposed to incremental improvement.
Author: Filia Vonta Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 0817646191 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 556
Book Description
This book deals with the mathematical aspects of survival analysis and reliability as well as other topics, reflecting recent developments in the following areas: applications in epidemiology; probabilistic and statistical models and methods in reliability; models and methods in survival analysis, longevity, aging, and degradation; accelerated life models; quality of life; new statistical challenges in genomics. The work will be useful to a broad interdisciplinary readership of researchers and practitioners in applied probability and statistics, industrial statistics, biomedicine, biostatistics, and engineering.
Author: Peter Sprent Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1439894019 Category : Mathematics Languages : en Pages : 536
Book Description
While preserving the clear, accessible style of previous editions, Applied Nonparametric Statistical Methods, Fourth Edition reflects the latest developments in computer-intensive methods that deal with intractable analytical problems and unwieldy data sets. Reorganized and with additional material, this edition begins with a brief summary of some
Author: Thomas P. Ryan Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 0470074345 Category : Mathematics Languages : en Pages : 624
Book Description
A complete and well-balanced introduction to modern experimental design Using current research and discussion of the topic along with clear applications, Modern Experimental Design highlights the guiding role of statistical principles in experimental design construction. This text can serve as both an applied introduction as well as a concise review of the essential types of experimental designs and their applications. Topical coverage includes designs containing one or multiple factors, designs with at least one blocking factor, split-unit designs and their variations as well as supersaturated and Plackett-Burman designs. In addition, the text contains extensive treatment of: Conditional effects analysis as a proposed general method of analysis Multiresponse optimization Space-filling designs, including Latin hypercube and uniform designs Restricted regions of operability and debarred observations Analysis of Means (ANOM) used to analyze data from various types of designs The application of available software, including Design-Expert, JMP, and MINITAB This text provides thorough coverage of the topic while also introducing the reader to new approaches. Using a large number of references with detailed analyses of datasets, Modern Experimental Design works as a well-rounded learning tool for beginners as well as a valuable resource for practitioners.
Author: Byron Jones Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1420036092 Category : Mathematics Languages : en Pages : 390
Book Description
The first edition of Design and Analysis of Cross-Over Trials quickly became the standard reference on the subject and has remained so for more than 12 years. In that time, however, the use of cross-over trials has grown rapidly, particularly in the pharmaceutical arena, and researchers have made a number of advances in both the theory and methods applicable to these trials. Completely revised and updated, the long-awaited second edition of this classic text retains its predecessor's careful balance of theory and practice while incorporating new approaches, more data sets, and a broader scope. Enhancements in the second edition include: A new chapter on bioequivalence Recently developed methods for analyzing longitudinal continuous and categorical data Real-world examples using the SAS system A comprehensive catalog of designs, datasets, and SAS programs available on a companion Web site at www.crcpress.com The authors' exposition gives a clear, unified account of the design and analysis of cross-over trials from a statistical perspective along with their methodological underpinnings. With SAS programs and a thorough treatment of design issues, Design and Analysis of Cross-Over Trials, Second Edition sets a new standard for texts in this area and undoubtedly will be of direct practical value for years to come.
Author: Andrea M. Bludowsky
Author: Andrea M. Bludowsky
Author: 
Author: Bernard Ravina
Author: Jürgen Pilz
Author: Stephen S. Senn
Author: Institute of Medicine
Author: Filia Vonta
Author: Peter Sprent
Author: Thomas P. Ryan
Author: Byron Jones