Author: Richard C. RothermelPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Forest fire detection
Languages : en
Pages : 52
Book Description
Predicting Behavior and Size of Crown Fires in the Northern Rocky Mountains
Author: Richard C. RothermelPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Forest fire detection
Languages : en
Pages : 52
Book Description
Predicting Behavior and Size of Crown Fires in the Northern Rocky Mountains (Classic Reprint)
Author: Richard C. RothermelPublisher: Forgotten Books
ISBN: 9780364970478
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 60
Book Description
Excerpt from Predicting Behavior and Size of Crown Fires in the Northern Rocky Mountains Figure 1 - Variation in rate of spread exhibited by running crown fires. The Mack Lake fire, a plume-dominated fire, is shown as a solid line, and the Sundance fire. A wind-driven fire, is shown as a dashed line. As the name implies, a crown fire is a fire carried through the crowns of living forests. Before reaching this condition, a fire can go through several stages of development. Typically, a fire may Spread for some time in sur face fuels such as grass, forest litter, or shrubs, without interacting with the overstory. It may even smolder in forest duff for days or weeks until burning conditions improve and the fire becomes active and begins to Spread. Beighley and Bishop (1990) provide an excellent description of the transition from surface fire to crown fire in high-elevation forests. Favor able conditions for a crown fire include. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Predicting Behavior and Size of Crown Fires in the Northern Rocky Mountains
Author: Richard C. RothermelPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Forest fire detection
Languages : en
Pages : 56
Book Description
Assessing Crown Fire Potential by Linking Models of Surface and Crown Fire Behavior
Author: Joe H. ScottPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Fire risk assessment
Languages : en
Pages : 68
Book Description
Fire managers are increasingly concerned about the threat of crown fires, yet only now are quantitative methods for assessing crown fire hazard being developed. Links among existing mathematical models of fire behavior are used to develop two indices of crown fire hazard-the Torching Index and Crowning Index. These indices can be used to ordinate different forest stands by their relative susceptibility to crown fire and to compare the effectiveness of crown fire mitigation treatments. The coupled model was used to simulate the wide range of fire behavior possible in a forest stand, from a low-intensity surface fire to a high-intensity active crown fire, for the purpose of comparing potential fire behavior. The hazard indices and behavior simulations incorporate the effects of surface fuel characteristics, dead and live fuel moistures (surface and crown), slope steepness, canopy base height, canopy bulk density, and wind reduction by the canopy. Example simulations are for western Montana Pinus ponderosa and Pinus contorta stands. Although some of the models presented here have had limited testing or restricted geographic applicability, the concepts will apply to models for other regions and new models with greater geographic applicability.
Comparison of Crown Fire Modeling Systems Used in Three Fire Management Applications
Author: Joe H. ScottPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Flame spread
Languages : en
Pages : 36
Book Description
Research Paper INT.
Author: Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Forests and forestry
Languages : en
Pages : 334
Book Description
Small Mammal Populations in a Grazed and Ungrazed Riparian Habitat in Nevada
Author: Dean E. MedinPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Grazing
Languages : en
Pages : 718
Book Description
Montana's Log Home Industry
Author: Bret W. TobalskePublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Beavers
Languages : en
Pages : 162
Book Description
Research Paper RMRS
Author: Optimum Timeframes for Detecting Songbird Vocalizations in the Black Hills
Author: Todd R. MillsPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Birdsongs
Languages : en
Pages : 394
Book Description
Birds are indicators of vegetation structure and ecological conditions. The singing activity of birds declines during late-morning periods, which can affect estimates of abundance and conclusions regarding vegetative conditions indexed by birds. Therefore, it is important to quantify periods of bird activity so biologists can plan studies. We determined hourly detections from singing males of 22 nongame bird species in ponderosa pine, quaking aspen, and grassland vegetation types in the Black Hills of South Dakota. Detections of 12 of 22 species differed among 1-hr intervals after sunrise. Detections of yellowrumped warblers, Townsend's solitaires, red-breasted nuthatches, western tanagers, and American robins decreased on count-episodes more than 4 hrs after sunrise. Detections of dusky flycatchers declined on count-episodes more than 3 hrs after sunrise and detections of black-capped chickadees were greatest during the first hour after sunrise and declined afterward. Detections of many other species from songs or calls decreased on count-episodes more than 5 hrs after sunrise. We recommend that bird counts in the Black Hills be completed within 4 hrs after sunrise so estimates of bird abundance are not affected by reduced singing among males.