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Author: Tasha Fairfield Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 1316300110 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 365
Book Description
Inequality and taxation are fundamental problems of modern times. How and when can democracies tax economic elites? This book develops a theoretical framework that refines and integrates the classic concepts of business's instrumental (political) power and structural (investment) power to explain the scope and fate of tax initiatives targeting economic elites in Latin America after economic liberalization. In Chile, business's multiple sources of instrumental power, including cohesion and ties to right parties, kept substantial tax increases off the agenda. In Argentina, weaker business power facilitated significant reform, although specific sectors, including finance and agriculture, occasionally had instrumental and/or structural power to defend their interests. In Bolivia, popular mobilization counterbalanced the power of economic elites, who were much stronger than in Argentina but weaker than in Chile. The book's in-depth, medium-N case analysis and close attention to policymaking processes contribute insights on business power and prospects for redistribution in unequal democracies.
Author: Tasha Fairfield Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 1316300110 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 365
Book Description
Inequality and taxation are fundamental problems of modern times. How and when can democracies tax economic elites? This book develops a theoretical framework that refines and integrates the classic concepts of business's instrumental (political) power and structural (investment) power to explain the scope and fate of tax initiatives targeting economic elites in Latin America after economic liberalization. In Chile, business's multiple sources of instrumental power, including cohesion and ties to right parties, kept substantial tax increases off the agenda. In Argentina, weaker business power facilitated significant reform, although specific sectors, including finance and agriculture, occasionally had instrumental and/or structural power to defend their interests. In Bolivia, popular mobilization counterbalanced the power of economic elites, who were much stronger than in Argentina but weaker than in Chile. The book's in-depth, medium-N case analysis and close attention to policymaking processes contribute insights on business power and prospects for redistribution in unequal democracies.
Author: National Research Council Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309074215 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 327
Book Description
Aging is a process that encompasses virtually all aspects of life. Because the speed of population aging is accelerating, and because the data needed to study the aging process are complex and expensive to obtain, it is imperative that countries coordinate their research efforts to reap the most benefits from this important information. Preparing for an Aging World looks at the behavioral and socioeconomic aspects of aging, and focuses on work, retirement, and pensions; wealth and savings behavior; health and disability; intergenerational transfers; and concepts of well-being. It makes recommendations for a collection of new, cross-national data on aging populationsâ€"data that will allow nations to develop policies and programs for addressing the major shifts in population age structure now occurring. These efforts, if made internationally, would advance our understanding of the aging process around the world.
Author: D. Detter Publisher: Springer ISBN: 113751986X Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 230
Book Description
We have spent the last three decades engaged in a pointless and irrelevant debate about the relative merits of privatization or nationalization. We have been arguing about the wrong thing while sitting on a goldmine of assets. Don’t worry about who owns those assets, worry about whether they are managed effectively. Why does this matter? Because despite the Thatcher/ Reagan economic revolution, the largest pool of wealth in the world – a global total that is much larger than the world’s total pensions savings, and ten times the total of all the sovereign wealth funds on the planet – is still comprised of commercial assets that are held in public ownership. If professionally managed, they could generate an annual yield of 2.7 trillion dollars, more than current global spending on infrastructure: transport, power, water, and communications. Based on both economic research and hands-on experience from many countries, the authors argue that publicly owned commercial assets need to be taken out of the direct and distorting control of politicians and placed under professional management in a ‘National Wealth Fund’ or its local government equivalent. Such a move would trigger much-needed structural reforms in national economies, thus resurrect strained government finances, bolster ailing economic growth, and improve the fabric of democratic institutions. This radical, reforming book was named one of the "Books of the Year".by both the FT and The Economist.
Author: S.N. Chand Publisher: Atlantic Publishers & Dist ISBN: 9788126908004 Category : Finance, Public Languages : en Pages : 310
Book Description
Public Finance Is A Study Of Collection Of Revenue From The Public By The Government And Spending It For The Welfare Of Society. Although An Important Part Of Economics, Public Finance, As A Science Is Older Than Economics Itself. Actually, It Was The Forerunner Of Science To Which It Is Now Subordinate. The Writings Of Cameralists Dealt More Fully With This Part Of The Field Of Political Economy Than With Any Other.During The Last Two Decades Or So, Every Branch Of Economics Has Undergone Considerable Change Under The Impact Of Keynesian New Economics. Realising This, Many Foreign Writers Have Attempted To Recast Public Finance Theory By Incorporating Keynesian Analysis. Indian Writers, However, Have, By And Large, Modeled Their Treatment Of The Subject On The Once Famous But Now Largely Out Of Date Dalton S Public Finance.This Book, In 2 Volumes, Brings To Light The Changes That Have Come About And Comprehensively Covers Various Aspects Of Public Finance Theory, Revenue, Debt And Expenditure. Construction Of Chapters And Enlisting Of Questions Have Been Done After Making A Wide Analysis Of The Syllabi Prescribed For The Subject In Various Indian Universities, Following The Pattern Of Questions Asked In Different Examinations. The Text Has Been Supplemented With Tables And Figures Which Have Been Updated From Authentic Sources. Opinions Of Established Economists And Erudite Scholars Have Been Cited In Each Major Topic Relating To Public Finance To Substantiate The Text. Every Effort Has Been Made To Keep The Style Lucid And The Approach Analytical.The Book Caters To The Academic Needs Of The Postgraduate, Graduate And Undergraduate Students Of Economics. It Is Equally Useful For Those Pursuing Mba And M.Com. Courses. In Addition, The Aspiring Candidates For Various Competitive Examinations Will Find This Book Highly Useful. It Will Prove An Ideal Reference Book For Teachers And Researchers.
Author: Carl Christian von Weizsäcker Publisher: Springer ISBN: 9783030750336 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
The economy of the 21st century in the OECD countries and in China, is characterized by a new phenomenon: the structural surplus of private savings in relation to private investment. This is true even in a situation of prosperity and very low interest rates. On the one hand, this excess saving is due to people's increasing inclination to save in light of rising life expectancy, driven by the desire to have sufficient assets in old age. On the other hand, the demand for capital is not increasing to the same extent, so that investment is not keeping pace with the rising desire to save. The resulting gap between the private desire for wealth and private investment can only be closed by increasing public debt. This open access book offers a new, capital-theoretical perspective on the macroeconomic relationship between desired wealth and investment, and it presents new empirical data on private wealth and its composition in the OECD plus China area. The authors argue that a free economic and social order can only be stabilized if the wealth aspirations of individuals are met under conditions of price stability. This is not possible without substantial net public debt. A new way of thinking about the economy as a whole is required. By way of an in-depth theoretical and empirical analysis, the book demonstrates this new way of thinking and describes the current challenges facing economic policy. It will appeal to economists and students of economics who are interested in macroeconomic theory and its economic policy implications. An impressive, and convincing theoretical dive into the fundamentals behind secular stagnation, with very strong implications for actual debt policy. Public debt may be needed to improve welfare. - Olivier Blanchard, Senior Fellow at the Peterson Institute for International Economics and Professor of Economics Emeritus at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Chief Economist at the International Monetary Fund from 2008 to 2015. Saving and Investment in the Twenty-First Century gives a wholly new perspective on macroeconomics. (...) Weizsäcker and Krämer describe a simple, practical solution to the underemployment that has plagued Southern Europe for more than a decade. - George Akerlof, Nobel Laureate in Economics, 2001. Professor at the McCourt School of Public Policy at Georgetown University and Professor of Economics Emeritus at the University of California, Berkeley. This is a profound and original contribution that can help us to understand and act on the great issues of our times. - Nicholas Stern, Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the Environment at the London School of Economics. Author of the Stern Review Report on the Economics of Climate Change. Chief Economist at the World Bank from 2000 to 2003.
Author: Geoffrey Poitras Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing ISBN: 9781839106149 Category : Languages : en Pages : 288
Book Description
Taxes on the wealthy are a topic sure to incite venomous rants from both right-wing and left-wing ideologues. The topic attracts conflicting interpretations and policy recommendations, and generates proposals for tax reform that consume political debate. All this activity takes place against an opaque backdrop of empirical evidence dealing with the distribution of wealth and income, and tax avoidance and tax evasion by corporations and wealthy individuals. Rethinking Wealth and Taxes explores these problems and considers the possibilities for increasing taxes on wealth to address the increasingly unequal distribution of wealth, and income. Concerned with exploring the implications of globalization for government revenue policy and increasing inequality in wealth and income, it identifies the connection between ongoing inequality and the ability of the wealthy to avoid income taxes by exploiting differential treatment of capital income and wage income. The author explores the various ways in which the emergence of globalization has impacted the traditional national model of raising income tax revenue. He then offers policy recommendations that shift government revenue sources to taxes that are difficult for the wealthy to avoid and that better capture the goals of vertical and horizontal tax equity.This book will appeal to those directly involved in industry and public policy and may be used in university courses at all levels in public finance, financial economics, actuarial science and management. It will also be of interest to research libraries, individuals working in government and readers in the general public curious about topics such as 'the one percent'.
Author: Facundo Alvaredo Publisher: Belknap Press ISBN: 0674984552 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 345
Book Description
World Inequality Report 2018 is the most authoritative and up-to-date account of global trends in inequality. Researched, compiled, and written by a team of the world's leading economists of inequality, it presents--with unrivaled clarity and depth--information and analysis that will be vital to policy makers and scholars everywhere. Inequality has taken center stage in public debate as the wealthiest people in most parts of the world have seen their share of the economy soar relative to that of others, many of whom, especially in the West, have experienced stagnation. The resulting political and social pressures have posed harsh new challenges for governments and created a pressing demand for reliable data. The World Inequality Lab at the Paris School of Economics and the University of California, Berkeley, has answered this call by coordinating research into the latest trends in the accumulation and distribution of income and wealth on every continent. This inaugural report analyzes the Lab's findings, which include data from major countries where information has traditionally been difficult to acquire, such as China, India, and Brazil. Among nations, inequality has been decreasing as traditionally poor countries' economies have caught up with the West. The report shows, however, that inequality has been steadily deepening within almost every nation, though national trajectories vary, suggesting the importance of institutional and policy frameworks in shaping inequality. World Inequality Report 2018 will be a key document for anyone concerned about one of the most imperative and contentious subjects in contemporary politics and economics.
Author: Tasha Fairfield
Author: Tasha Fairfield
Author: National Research Council
Author: Ajay K. Mehrotra
Author: D. Detter
Author: Tasha Fairfield
Author: S.N. Chand
Author: Gabriel Ondetti
Author: Carl Christian von Weizsäcker
Author: Geoffrey Poitras
Author: Facundo Alvaredo