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Author: Great Britain: National Audit Office Publisher: The Stationery Office ISBN: 010294234X Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 56
Book Description
In 1999 the European Union introduced a Directive that require the UK to reduce the amount of biodegradable waste disposed of in landfill. By 2010 we have to landfill 75% of the amount landfilled in 1995. This figure reduces to 50% by 2013 and 35% by 2020. If the target is not met then the UK could be fined for non-compliance. So far DEFRA has spent £336 million on initiatives to reduce the amount of landfill, but reductions have been offset by growth in the amount of waste produced and there is a risk that the targets will not be met. An emphasis on recycling alone is not enough. DEFRA needs to focus on helping the 25 authorities that send most to landfill and help develop alternative waste facilities, as well as encouraging more households to recycle and compost. This examination of the problem is in four parts: 1) England needs to reduce the amount of biodegradable municipal waste disposed through landfill; 2) earlier delays I taking action made European Union targets more difficult to achieve; 3) without a step change in existing local authority plans, England will not achieve its share of the reductions in landfill the European Union requires by 2010 and 2013; 4) recycling and minimisation need to contribute more to reducing the amount of biodegradable municipal waste sent to landfill.
Author: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org. ISBN: 9251360308 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 48
Book Description
At its 26th Session in October 2018, the FAO Committee on Agriculture (COAG) requested FAO to take the lead to develop voluntary codes of conduct for the reduction of food loss and food waste. In response to the COAG request, FAO developed the Voluntary Code of Conduct for Food Loss and Waste Reduction, which was endorsed by the 42nd Session of the FAO Conference in June 2021. The Voluntary Code of Conduct for Food Loss and Waste Reduction sets out a generic framework of actions and guiding principles that should be followed to reduce food loss and waste (FLW) and support the transformation of agrifood systems to be more efficient, more inclusive, more resilient and more sustainable. Governments can use the framework as a basis for the development of strategies, policies and legislations, which are critical elements of intervention packages aimed at effectively and sustainably reducing FLW. The framework can also serve for the formulation of programmes on FLW reduction and for the preparation of technical guidelines for use by practitioners.
Author: Mervyn Richardson Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 0203482913 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 636
Book Description
Concerned with the need to reduce chemical risks, this text also covers related biological and physical risks. Risk reduction has an important economic role, not least in developing countries. Many of the contributors are from develping countries and indicate the problems and some of the solutions their countries will need to adopt during their process of reconstruction, development and recovery. The text discusses the decision-making process involving the political, socioeconomic, engineering, and natural sciences so as to develop, analyze and compare regulatory options. It considers how such measured decision making enables the selection of optimal responses to achieve safety from perceived hazards.
Author: Nikos B. Troullinos Publisher: Universal-Publishers ISBN: 1612337570 Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 250
Book Description
Available in Paperback Available in eBook editions (PDF format) Institution: Syracuse University (Syracuse, NY, USA) Advisor(s): Prof. Klaus J. Berkling Degree: Ph.D. in Computer and Information Science Year: 1993 Book Information: 248 pages Publisher: Dissertation.com ISBN-10: 1612337570 ISBN-13: 9781612337579 View First 25 pages: (free download) Abstract The operational aspects of Lambda Calculus are studied as a fundamental basis for high-order functional computation. We consider systems having full reduction semantics, i.e., equivalence-preserving transformations of functions. The historic lineage from Eval-Apply to SECD to RTNF/RTLF culminates in the techniques of normal-order graph Head Order Reduction (HOR). By using a scalar mechanism to artificially bind relatively free variables, HOR makes it relatively effortless to reduce expressions beyond weak normal form and to allow expression-level results while exhibiting a well-behaved linear self-modifying code structure. Several variations of HOR are presented and compared to other efficient reducers, with and without sharing, including a conservative breadth-first one which mechanically takes advantage of the inherent, fine-grained parallelism of the head normal form. We include abstract machine and concrete implementations of all the reducers in pure functional code. Benchmarking comparisons are made through a combined time-space efficiency metric. The original results indicate that circa 2010 reduction rates of 10-100 million reductions per second can be achieved in software interpreters and a billion reductions per second can be achieved by a state-of-the art custom VLSI implementation.
Author: Raymond P. Daugherty Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9780306458996 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 196
Book Description
Authors Raymond P. Daugherty and Carl Leukefeld argue for replacing the youth-based, `zero tolerance' approach to substance abuse prevention that has been dominant in the field over the past two decades. Their dynamic alternative is the Lifestyle Risk Reduction Model, which revises standard prevention strategies to make them relevant throughout the entire life span. Features of this revolutionary new paradigm include Five Principles of Lifestyle Risk Reduction (LRR), Five Conditions of Effective LRR, and the LLR Formulas.
Author: Robin Nelson
Author: Robin Nelson
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Author: 
Author: Great Britain: National Audit Office
Author: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Author: Mervyn Richardson
Author: 
Author: Nikos B. Troullinos
Author: Raymond P. Daugherty
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