Soil Components and Human Health PDF Download

Author: Rolf Nieder
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9402412220
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 886

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Book Description
This volume highlights important links existing between soils and human health which up to now are not fully realized by the public. Soil materials may have deleterious, beneficial or no impacts on human health; therefore, understanding the complex relationships between diverse soil materials and human health will encourage creative cooperation between soil and environmental sciences and medicine. The topics covered in this book will be of immense value to a wide range of readers, including soil scientists, medical scientists and practitioners, nursing scientists and staff, toxicologists, ecologists, agronomists, geologists, geochemists, public health professionals, planners and several others.

Author: John Eldon Gieseking
Publisher: Springer
ISBN:
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 556

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Book Description
Volume 1: Organic components; Chemical composition and Physical properties of humic substances; Saccharides; Nitrogenous substances; Other organic phosphorus compounds; Sulfur in soil organic substances; Fats, waxes, and resins in soil; Micromorphology of soil organic matter; Humus of virgin and cultivated soils. Volume 2: Inorganic components - The classification of soil silicates and oxides; Micas in macroscopoic forms; Fine-grained micas in soils; Smectites; the crystallography of minerals of the kaolin group; Vermiculites; Chlorites; Interstratified clay minerals; Fibrous minerals; Allophane; Oxides and hydrous oxides of silicon; Feldspar minerals; Heavy minerals; Bioliths; Water in soil; The thermal characteristics of soil minerals and the use of these characteristics in the qualitative and quantitative determination of clay minerals in soils; The charatcterization of soil minerals by infrared spectroscopy.

Author: V.V. Snakin
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 9780444506757
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 334

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Book Description
Front Cover; Soil Liquid Phase Composition; Copyright Page; CONTENTS; INTRODUCTION; ACKNOWLEDGMENTS; CHAPTER 1. SOIL LIQUID PHASE AS A STRUCTURAL ELEMENT OF AN ECOSYSTEM; CHAPTER 2. SOIL LIQUID PHASE INVESTIGATION; CHAPTER 3. STUDY AREAS; CHAPTER 4. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ON THE SOIL LIQUID PHASE; CHAPTER 5. SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL PROPERTIES OF SOIL LIQUID PHASE; CHAPTER 6. MATERIAL AND ENERGY EXCHANGE IN ECOSYSTEMS; CHAPTER 7. ENVIRONMENTAL PROCESSES AND SOIL LIQUID PHASE; SUMMARY; GLOSSARY; REFERENCES; CORRELATION BETWEEN SOIL NAMES; SUBJECT INDEX; AUTHOR INDEX.

Author: P. M. Huang
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9780873719148
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 472

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Book Description
This book addresses the interactions of soil minerals with organics and microbes and their impacts on the dynamics, transformations, and toxicity of metals, metalloids, other inorganics, and xenobiotics that affect land quality and ecosystem health. It is the result of the work group on "interactions of soil minerals with organic components and microorganisms" in the International Society of Soil Science.

Author: J. E. Gieseking
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642659152
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 534

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Book Description
Organic substances returned to the soil by plants, animals and microorganisms go through biochemical cycles and subcycles that provide essential media for the growth of plants in the soil. These cycles involve numerous, complicated and interdependent chemical reactions. Many books have been written to describe the genesis, the nature and the reactions of soil organic matter and have contributed much to organizing parts of the knowledge about soil organic matter. Each book is an important contribution but none has duplicated any of the others to any great extent; each has developed essential bu.

Author: V.V. Snakin
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 9780080541389
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 319

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Book Description
The liquid phase of soil (soil solution) is a very thin, penetrating and all-embracing water layer. It has the most extensive surface among the biosphere components and interacts with all these components. Presented in this work is a new complex approach developed for soil liquid phase investigation that is based on in situ measurements. Investigation of the soil liquid phase can be of great significance in environmental research. This volume sums up the vast experience of the authors' research into soil liquid phase composition in various ecosystems of Central and Eastern Europe. It describes the methodological basics of soil liquid phase research: methods of soil solution extraction, the main problems of application of ion-selective electrodes for immediate in situ assessment of ionic activity in soil liquid phase and redox potential, and ways to overcome those problems. Data are presented on soil liquid phase composition in natural and agricultural ecosystems, their redox, pH, carbonate and other regimes as well as the relations between the composition of the soil liquid phase and different ecological properties. This work is devoted to the pursuit of new approaches to soil liquid phase analysis with a goal of discovering the role of soil liquid phase in the functioning of natural and agricultural ecosystems in recent soil-formation, formation of primary biological production, and in bio-geochemical turnover of elements. It includes new field investigation data as well as all data generalization carried out by means of a special complex database (developed by the authors) on soil liquid phase composition and other soil-ecological properties in various ecosystems in Central and Eastern Europe. This book is the first English edition that integrally considers both methodological aspects and results of investigation of composition, formation, dynamics, spatial heterogeneity, and interrelations of soil liquid phase with other components of ecosystems. Soil scientists, agricultural chemists and ecologists will find this title of great interest.

Author: Alfred R. Conklin
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0471728217
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 241

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Book Description
A guide to soil analysis for chemists and environmental scientists Soil-so essential to life on earth-is one of the most complicated of materials. A complex mixture of inorganic and organic solids, liquids, and gases, soil presents a challenging material for analysis, especially for researchers who are not specialists in soil chemistry. This clear, broadly applicable reference provides chemists and environmental scientists with the background they need to analyze soil, interpret their findings, and develop new analytical methods for soil. Introduction to Soil Chemistry will also be valuable to the soil scientist confronting soil analyses that appear to be incorrect or do not work. Introduction to Soil Chemistry: Analysis and Instrumentation investigates the most important soil characteristics that impact analysis and the procedures, chemicals, and equipment used to determine the composition and quantity of soil constituents. It also discusses factors that interfere with accurate soil analysis. Chapters examine such topics as: * Large features-horizons, peds, soil color, and soil naming * Microscopic to atomic orbital description of soil chemical characteristics * Soil components in combination * The biological and organic components in soil * The soil solution and soil air * Electrical measurements, titration, and extraction * Spectroscopy and chromatography * Speciation This book is enhanced by numerous examples within the text, which provide the reader with a practical understanding of various analytical procedures, along with the pitfalls and interferences that may be encountered. Bibliographies and additional resources appear at the end of each chapter.

Author: Philippe Lemanceau
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119573114
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 196

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Book Description
Soils are environments where a myriad of different organisms evolve, determining a series of functions which translate into ecosystem services that are essential for humanity. Improving our understanding of these organisms, their biodiversity and their interactions with each other, as well as with the environment, represents a major challenge. Soil ecology has its roots in natural history. The ecological approach focused on soils is notable for integrating, at least partially, the contributions of soil sciences (physics, chemistry, biochemistry). By renewing methods of observation and analysis (especially molecular ones) and through the development of experimental approaches and modeling, an ecology connected with other soil-based disciplines emerges and begins to influence aboveground ecology. Soils as a Key Component of the Critical Zone 6 presents an updated vision of knowledge and research in soil ecology as a complex system from the best French specialists.

Author: J. E. Gieseking
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642659179
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 683

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Book Description
The major components of most soils are inorganic. These constituents are derived from the weathering of rocks and minerals or from subsequent reaetions and interactions of the weathering products. During the weathering and interactions of weathering products, in organic soil colloids are formed. Large amounts of inorganic colloids are essential in soils if they are to support luxurious plant growth. The colloids adsorb water and nutrient element s that might be lost from the soil &ystem and they release these as plants need them. They also adsorb and buffer the soil system against large excesses of soluble toxic substances that might otherwise exist as free moieties in soils. Soil and plant root interactions occur across two interfaces. One is the interface between plant roots and the liquid phase and the other is the interface between the soil particles and the liquid phase. Reaetions across the interface between colloid crystals and the soilliquid phase may also suppress the availability of nutrient elements to plants. The effectiveness of these interfaciaI reaetions in supporting optimum plant growth ultimately depends on the arrangements of ions in the surfaces and subsurfaces of the mineraI crystals. For this reason much of this volume is devoted to the arrangement of ions in crystalline mineraI particles commonly occuring in soils and the properties that these particles contribute to soiI systems.

Author: D Nicholas
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0323150543
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 432

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Book Description
Trace Elements in Soil–Plant–Animal Systems discusses the adverse effects or the essentiality of trace elements in soil, plants, and animals under field and laboratory conditions. The book explores the chemistry, biochemistry, and physics of the availability of trace elements to several organisms, as well as their functions in cell metabolism. Organized into six parts encompassing 24 chapters, the book starts with an overview of the chain of events whereby trace elements are released from different soil and rock sources. The trace elements are then taken up by living organisms, transferred to their sites of action, and function in different metabolic events. The text explores how the trace elements occur in various chemical compounds with varying solubilities. Other chapters explore the principles governing the distribution of elements in minerals and igneous rocks. The final chapter deals with trace element disorders in living organisms. The book is a valuable resource to physicists, chemists, biochemists, geochemists, mineralogists, agriculturists, pedologists, scientists, researchers, and students.