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Author: Harold Berlak Publisher: SUNY Press ISBN: 9780791408773 Category : Education Languages : en Pages : 248
Book Description
The authors of this book question the assumptions of the psychometric paradigm that underlie virtually all criterion-referenced and standardized tests used in North American schools. They make a compelling case for a new science of educational testing and assessment, one that shifts decision making from central administration to individual schools and communities. Harold Berlak argues that the concept of tests as scientific instruments validated by technical experts is anachronistic and self-contradictory. He makes a case for a contextual paradigm, an approach which assumes that consensus on educational goals and national testing programs is neither possible nor desireable. Assessment practices in a democratic society must acknowledge and affirm differences in values, beliefs, and material interests among individuals and groups over the purposes and practices of schooling.
Author: Harold Berlak Publisher: SUNY Press ISBN: 9780791408773 Category : Education Languages : en Pages : 248
Book Description
The authors of this book question the assumptions of the psychometric paradigm that underlie virtually all criterion-referenced and standardized tests used in North American schools. They make a compelling case for a new science of educational testing and assessment, one that shifts decision making from central administration to individual schools and communities. Harold Berlak argues that the concept of tests as scientific instruments validated by technical experts is anachronistic and self-contradictory. He makes a case for a contextual paradigm, an approach which assumes that consensus on educational goals and national testing programs is neither possible nor desireable. Assessment practices in a democratic society must acknowledge and affirm differences in values, beliefs, and material interests among individuals and groups over the purposes and practices of schooling.
Author: Harold Berlak Publisher: SUNY Press ISBN: 9780791408780 Category : Education Languages : en Pages : 252
Book Description
The authors of this book question the assumptions of the psychometric paradigm that underlie virtually all criterion-referenced and standardized tests used in North American schools. They make a compelling case for a new science of educational testing and assessment, one that shifts decision making from central administration to individual schools and communities. Harold Berlak argues that the concept of tests as scientific instruments validated by technical experts is anachronistic and self-contradictory. He makes a case for a contextual paradigm, an approach which assumes that consensus on educational goals and national testing programs is neither possible nor desireable. Assessment practices in a democratic society must acknowledge and affirm differences in values, beliefs, and material interests among individuals and groups over the purposes and practices of schooling.
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309444357 Category : Education Languages : en Pages : 137
Book Description
Science educators in the United States are adapting to a new vision of how students learn science. Children are natural explorers and their observations and intuitions about the world around them are the foundation for science learning. Unfortunately, the way science has been taught in the United States has not always taken advantage of those attributes. Some students who successfully complete their Kâ€"12 science classes have not really had the chance to "do" science for themselves in ways that harness their natural curiosity and understanding of the world around them. The introduction of the Next Generation Science Standards led many states, schools, and districts to change curricula, instruction, and professional development to align with the standards. Therefore existing assessmentsâ€"whatever their purposeâ€"cannot be used to measure the full range of activities and interactions happening in science classrooms that have adapted to these ideas because they were not designed to do so. Seeing Students Learn Science is meant to help educators improve their understanding of how students learn science and guide the adaptation of their instruction and approach to assessment. It includes examples of innovative assessment formats, ways to embed assessments in engaging classroom activities, and ideas for interpreting and using novel kinds of assessment information. It provides ideas and questions educators can use to reflect on what they can adapt right away and what they can work toward more gradually.
Author: National Research Council Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309065461 Category : Education Languages : en Pages : 49
Book Description
To explore the connections between new approaches to science education and new developments in assessment, the Board on Testing and Assessment (BOTA) of the National Research Council (NRC) sponsored a two-day conference on February 22 and 23, 1997. Participants included BOTA members, other measurement experts, and educators and policymakers concerned with science education reform. The conference encouraged the exchange of ideas between those with measurement expertise and those with creative approaches to instruction and assessment.
Author: Nigel Bell Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 0306472279 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 153
Book Description
This work documents the findings of a research project which investigated the ways in which teachers and students used formative assessment to improve the teaching and learning of science in some New Zealand classrooms. It will be of interest to graduate students and researchers, as well as teacher educators, curriculum developers, and assessment specialists.
Author: Ruth Mitchell Publisher: Simon and Schuster ISBN: 0029214653 Category : Education Languages : en Pages : 248
Book Description
Evaluation sends a message. It points to what is valued and ignores what is not perceived to be important. Educational evaluation--testing and assessment--has been telling students, teachers, administrators, and legislators that the system values rote memorization and passive recognition of single correct answers.
Author: National Research Council Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309293227 Category : Education Languages : en Pages : 383
Book Description
Education is a hot topic. From the stage of presidential debates to tonight's dinner table, it is an issue that most Americans are deeply concerned about. While there are many strategies for improving the educational process, we need a way to find out what works and what doesn't work as well. Educational assessment seeks to determine just how well students are learning and is an integral part of our quest for improved education. The nation is pinning greater expectations on educational assessment than ever before. We look to these assessment tools when documenting whether students and institutions are truly meeting education goals. But we must stop and ask a crucial question: What kind of assessment is most effective? At a time when traditional testing is subject to increasing criticism, research suggests that new, exciting approaches to assessment may be on the horizon. Advances in the sciences of how people learn and how to measure such learning offer the hope of developing new kinds of assessments-assessments that help students succeed in school by making as clear as possible the nature of their accomplishments and the progress of their learning. Knowing What Students Know essentially explains how expanding knowledge in the scientific fields of human learning and educational measurement can form the foundations of an improved approach to assessment. These advances suggest ways that the targets of assessment-what students know and how well they know it-as well as the methods used to make inferences about student learning can be made more valid and instructionally useful. Principles for designing and using these new kinds of assessments are presented, and examples are used to illustrate the principles. Implications for policy, practice, and research are also explored. With the promise of a productive research-based approach to assessment of student learning, Knowing What Students Know will be important to education administrators, assessment designers, teachers and teacher educators, and education advocates.
Author: Robert J. Marzano Publisher: New Art and Science of Teachin ISBN: 9781945349157 Category : Education Languages : en Pages : 152
Book Description
Part of The New Art and Science of Teaching series Shift to a new paradigm of classroom assessment that is more accurate, meaningful, and authentic. The New Art and Science of Classroom Assessment explores the inadequacies of traditional assessment methods and details how to use classroom assessment to its full potential. Step by step, the authors outline a clear path for transitioning to more holistic assessment methods that truly reflect course curriculum and student progress. Learn how you can develop authentic assessment for learning in the classroom: Explore a new perspective on effective assessment for learning, including classroom, interim, and year-end assessments (from formative assessment to summative assessment). Learn how to create a curriculum that provides clear guidance as to what should be assessed. Acquire strategies for assessing four general types of skills: (1) cognitive skills, (2) knowledge-application skills, (3) metacognitive skills, and (4) general behavior skills. Develop expertise with classroom assessment tools, such as the types of declarative content, selected response items, and short constructed response questions. Download free reproducible tables and checklists to assist in implementing new methods of assessment design. A joint publication of ASCD and Solution Tree Contents: Introduction Chapter 1: The Assessment-Friendly Curriculum Chapter 2: Proficiency Scales Chapter 3: Parallel Assessments Chapter 4: The Measurement Process and Different Types of Assessment Chapter 5: Summative Scores Chapter 6: Non-Subject-Specific Skills Chapter 7: Record Keeping and Reporting Epilogue Appendix A: Types of Declarative Content Appendix B: Types of Test Response Items References and Resources Books in The New Art and Science of Teaching series: The New Art and Science of Teaching The Handbook for the New Art and Science of Teaching The New Art and Science of Teaching Reading The New Art and Science of Teaching Writing The New Art and Science of Classroom Assessment
Author: Michael T. Nettles Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9401106339 Category : Education Languages : en Pages : 377
Book Description
5 TABLE I Average Reading Proficiency and Achievement Levels by RacelEthnicity Grades 4 8 and 12 1992 Reading Assessment Percentage of Student At or Above Percentage of Average Proficient Basic Below Basic Advanced I Students Proficiency I Grade 4 White 71 226 6 31 68 J2 69 16 193 0 Black 7 31 Hispanic 9 202 2 13 41 59 Asian/Pacific Islander 2 216 2 21 55 45 American Indian 2 208 2 15 50 50 Grade 8 70 White 268 3 34 77 23 Black 16 238 0 8 44 56 Hispanic 10 242 I 13 49 51 AsianlPacific Islander 3 270 6 38 77 23 American Indian 1 251 I 18 60 40 Grade 12 White 72 297 4 43 82 18 Black 15 272 0 16 54 46 9 277 Hispanic 1 21 61 39 Asian/Pacific Islander 4 291 4 39 74 26 American Indian 0 272 I 24 S2 48 Source: National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 1992 Reading Assessment. Reprinted from "NAEP 1992 Reading Report Card for the Nation and the States. " l be reading at the advanced level . A much higher percent of White Americans are performing at the proficient and advanced levels.
Author: Harold Berlak
Author: Harold Berlak
Author: Harold Berlak
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Author: National Research Council
Author: Nigel Bell
Author: Debra D. Bragg
Author: Ruth Mitchell
Author: National Research Council
Author: Robert J. Marzano
Author: Michael T. Nettles