Ultra-low Voltage Circuit Techniques for Energy Harvesting PDF Download

Author: Rafael Luciano Radin
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3031044924
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 161

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Book Description
This book provides design-oriented models for the implementation of ultra-low-voltage energy harvesting converters, covering the modeling of building blocks such oscillators, rectifiers, charge pumps and inductor-based converters that can operate with very low supply voltages, typically under 100 mV. Analyses based on the diode and MOSFET models are included in the text to allow the operation of energy harvesters from voltages of the order of 100 mV or much less, with satisfactory power efficiency. The practical realization of different converters is also addressed, clarifying the design trade-offs of ultra-low voltage (ULV) circuits operating from few millivolts. Offers readers a state-of-the-art revision for ultra-low voltage (ULV) energy harvesting converters; Provides analog IC designers with proper models for the implementation of circuits and building blocks of energy harvesters, such as oscillators, rectifiers, and inductor-based converters, operating under ultra-low voltages; Addresses the design of energy harvesters operating from ultra-low voltages, enabling autonomous operation of connected devices driven by human energy; Demonstrates design and implementation of integrated ULV up-converters; Includes semiconductor modeling for ULV operation.

Author: Dominic Maurath
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9401792720
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 300

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Book Description
Chip-integrated power management solutions are a must for ultra-low power systems. This enables not only the optimization of innovative sensor applications. It is also essential for integration and miniaturization of energy harvesting supply strategies of portable and autonomous monitoring systems. The book particularly addresses interfaces for energy harvesting, which are the key element to connect micro transducers to energy storage elements. Main features of the book are: - A comprehensive technology and application review, basics on transducer mechanics, fundamental circuit and control design, prototyping and testing, up to sensor system supply and applications. - Novel interfacing concepts - including active rectifiers, MPPT methods for efficient tracking of DC as well as AC sources, and a fully-integrated charge pump for efficient maximum AC power tracking at sub-100μW ultra-low power levels. The chips achieve one of widest presented operational voltage range in standard CMOS technology: 0.44V to over 4.1V. - Two special chapters on analog circuit design – it studies benefits and obstacles on implemented chip prototypes with three goals: ultra- low power, wide supply voltage range, and integration with standard technologies. Alternative design approaches are pursued using bulk-input transistor stages in forward-bias operation for amplifiers, modulators, and references. - Comprehensive Appendix – with additional fundamental analysis, design and scaling guidelines, circuit implementation tables and dimensions, schematics, source code listings, bill of material, etc. The discussed prototypes and given design guidelines are tested with real vibration transducer devices. The intended readership is graduate students in advanced courses, academics and lecturers, R&D engineers.

Author: Chong-Min Kyung
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9401799903
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 291

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Book Description
This book describes the development of core technologies to address two of the most challenging issues in research for future IT platform development, namely innovative device design and reduction of energy consumption. Three key devices, the FinFET, the TunnelFET, and the electromechanical nanoswitch are described with extensive details of use for practical applications. Energy issues are also covered in a tutorial fashion from material physics, through device technology, to innovative circuit design. The strength of this book lies in its holistic approach dealing with material trends, state-of-the-art of key devices, new examples of circuits and systems applications. This is the first of three books based on the Integrated Smart Sensors research project, which describe the development of innovative devices, circuits, and system-level enabling technologies. The aim of the project was to develop common platforms on which various devices and sensors can be loaded, and to create systems offering significant improvements in information processing speed, energy usage, and size. The book contains extensive reference lists and with over 200 figures introduces the reader to the general subject in a tutorial style, also addressing the state-of-the-art, allowing it to be used as a guide for starting researchers in these fields.

Author: David Cavalheiro
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1000796450
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 196

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Book Description
The increasing demand in electronic portability imposes low power consumption as a key metric to analog and digital circuit design. Tunnel FET (TFET) devices have been explored mostly in digital circuits, showing promising results for ultra-low power and energy efficient circuit applications. The TFET presents a low inverse sub-threshold slope (SS) that allows a low leakage energy consumption, desirable in many digital circuits, especially memories.In this book, the TFET is explored as an alternative technology also for ultra-low power and voltage conversion and management circuits, suitable for weak energy harvesting (EH) sources. The TFET distinct electrical characteristics under reverse bias conditions require changes in conventional circuit topologies. In this book, ultra-low input power conversion circuits based on TFETs are designed and analyzed, evaluating their performance as rectifiers, charge pumps and power management circuits (PMC) for RF and DC EH sources.

Author: Nele Reynders
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319161369
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 192

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Book Description
This book focuses on increasing the energy-efficiency of electronic devices so that portable applications can have a longer stand-alone time on the same battery. The authors explain the energy-efficiency benefits that ultra-low-voltage circuits provide and provide answers to tackle the challenges which ultra-low-voltage operation poses. An innovative design methodology is presented, verified, and validated by four prototypes in advanced CMOS technologies. These prototypes are shown to achieve high energy-efficiency through their successful functionality at ultra-low supply voltages.

Author: José María Hinojo
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319754114
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 141

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Book Description
This book presents a thorough state-of-the-art review for internally compensated Low Dropout Regulators (IC-LDO). It serves as a useful guide for circuit designers. The advantages and disadvantages of each cell proposed are highlighted. The authors describe an alternative to the classical topology; the Flipped Voltage Follower (FVF), which has been recently applied in the design of internally compensated LDOs to enhance their performances. This book provides novel circuits enhancing those parameters of LDO related with frequency behavior and power consumption. These solutions, as well as their appropriate design methodology, are properly described within the text.

Author: Niell Elvin
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 146145705X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 451

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Book Description
Advances in Energy Harvesting Methods presents a state-of-the-art understanding of diverse aspects of energy harvesting with a focus on: broadband energy conversion, new concepts in electronic circuits, and novel materials. This book covers recent advances in energy harvesting using different transduction mechanisms; these include methods of performance enhancement using nonlinear effects, non-harmonic forms of excitation and non-resonant energy harvesting, fluidic energy harvesting, and advances in both low-power electronics as well as material science. The contributors include a brief literature review of prior research with each chapter for further reference.

Author: Kofi A. A. Makinwa
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319978705
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 399

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Book Description
This book is based on the 18 invited tutorials presented during the 27th workshop on Advances in Analog Circuit Design. Expert designers from both industry and academia present readers with information about a variety of topics at the frontiers of analog circuit design, including the design of analog circuits in power-constrained applications, CMOS-compatible sensors for mobile devices and energy-efficient amplifiers and drivers. For anyone involved in the design of analog circuits, this book will serve as a valuable guide to the current state-of-the-art. Provides a state-of-the-art reference in analog circuit design, written by experts from industry and academia; Presents material in a tutorial-based format; Covers the design of analog circuits in power-constrained applications, CMOS-compatible sensors for mobile devices and energy-efficient amplifiers and drivers.

Author: Hans Reyserhove
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3030124851
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 209

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Book Description
This book enables readers to achieve ultra-low energy digital system performance. The author’s main focus is the energy consumption of microcontroller architectures in digital (sub)-systems. The book covers a broad range of topics extensively: from circuits through design strategy to system architectures. The result is a set of techniques and a context to realize minimum energy digital systems. Several prototype silicon implementations are discussed, which put the proposed techniques to the test. The achieved results demonstrate an extraordinary combination of variation-resilience, high speed performance and ultra-low energy.

Author: Mohd Yasir
Publisher: Mohd Yasir
ISBN: 9784068341954
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Book Description
The book would provide an in-depth analysis of the latest developments and innovations in the field of ultra low power analog integrated circuits. The book would start by introducing the concept of low power consumption and energy harvesting, and how it is becoming increasingly important in the era of the Internet of Things (IoT) and wearable devices. It would then cover various topics such as body biasing, threshold voltage tuning, subthreshold circuits, and tunneling FETs, and how they are used to achieve low power operation. The book would also delve into the use of new materials and device structures, such as MEMS-based devices, carbon nanotube FETs, graphene FETs, spin FETs, ambipolar transistors, and biologically inspired circuits. Additionally, the book would explore the challenges posed by hybrid analog-digital circuits and low voltage operation, and provide techniques for analog power gating, low voltage data converters, and on-chip energy storage. The book would also provide guidance on the design and implementation of non-volatile analog circuits and hybrid CMOS-memristor circuits. The book would be aimed at electrical engineers, integrated circuit designers, and researchers in the field of low power analog integrated circuits. The book would provide a comprehensive and cutting-edge approach to ultra low power analog integrated circuits, equipping readers with the knowledge and skills necessary to tackle the latest challenges and innovations in the field. Analog circuit design is going in the direction of Low Voltage and Low Power application requirements of portable devices like mobiles, laptops, pacemakers, etc. As the fabrication technology scaling continues, the supply voltage must be reduced to reduce electric field across the channel to prevent oxide breakdown . However, this pattern brings additional disadvantages, as downscaled process node endures the random fluctuation of process parameters, voltage and temperature sensitivity (PVT) . The dimensions of the recent transistors are so low that it is now become challenging to prevent many issues such as scattering effect, decreased gate control over drain current (ID), parasitics, random dopant fluctuation, channel mobility, lithographic limitations, the threshold voltage (VTH) variability, drain to source tunneling, increased heat production and increased gate oxide as well as junction leakage, etc. The minimum supply voltage (VDD) in CMOS is much higher at nanometer technology node. With the requirement of highly down-scaled transistors in state-of-the- art ICs, lower power consumption, high performance and battery-operated systems, at nanometer technology node, CMOS faces many short channel effects (SCEs) like Drain Induced Barrier Lowering (DIBL), Gate Induced Drain Leakage (GIDL), process variations, etc., because of which the maximum usable frequency is reduced