Author: Andrew Norman MeldrumPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Atomic theory
Languages : en
Pages : 126
Book Description
Avogadro and Dalton
Author: Andrew Norman MeldrumPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Atomic theory
Languages : en
Pages : 126
Book Description
Avogadro and Dalton
Author: Meldrum Andrew N.Publisher:
ISBN: 9780243758739
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
Avogadro and Dalton. The Standing in Chemistry of Their Hypotheses
Author: Andrew Norman MeldrumPublisher: Legare Street Press
ISBN: 9781019424759
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
This book examines the scientific contributions of two important figures in the history of chemistry: Amedeo Avogadro and John Dalton. Meldrum provides an overview of their respective hypotheses and theories, and explores their impact on the development of modern chemistry. The book also looks at the various debates and controversies that have arisen around their work. This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Avogadro and Dalton
Author: Andrew Norman MeldrumPublisher:
ISBN: 9780819132468
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
Avogadro and Dalton; the Standing in Chemistry of Their Hypothesis
Author: Andrew Norman MeldrumPublisher: Theclassics.Us
ISBN: 9781230283944
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 38
Book Description
This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can usually download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1904 edition. Excerpt: ... CHAPTER XII. THE CHEMICAL SYSTEM OF GERHARDT AND LAURENT. Our champions and teachers have lived in stormy tinn s: influences hai c obstructed a careful consolidation of their judgments. -- NEWMAN. Two methods may be taken in the study of the different systems of chemistry. The first method is fulfilled by a comparison between the atomic-weight data, and between the formulae of the old and the current systems. The second method, regarding the first as merely preliminary, devotes attention to other considerations; here it is of importance to ascertain principles, and to investigate how far old principles are consistent with one another, and with the principles of to-day. Of the consequences of attending to coincidences of formulae and figures, and of ignoring principles, an example is to be found in the account, in Ernst von Meyer's " History of Chemistry," of the changes suggested by Dumas in the atomic weights of Berzelius. The vapour densities of mercury, phosphorus, sulphur, and arsenic having been determined, the atomic weights of these elements were calculated by applying the volume theory of Berzelius. As it turned out, these atomic weights were different from those arrived at on other grounds, by Berzelius himself. Atomic Weights. O=i6. Arrived at liy Arrived at on the Iferzelius. Volume Theory. Hg - 200 - - 100 P 3t 62 As - 75 150 S - 32 96 Hereupon, by way of criticism, von Meyer remarks, "A comparison of the atomic weights of Berzelius and Dumas with those of to-day shows us how fully justified the former was in adhering to his own, which he had arrived at after the most mature consideration; Berzelius' values have proved to be the right ones." 1 Yet von Meyer does not leave principles altogether out of account. Assuming that...
AVOGADRO & DALTON THE STANDING
Author: Andrew Norman 1876-1934 MeldrumPublisher: Wentworth Press
ISBN: 9781360488950
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 126
Book Description
This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Avogadro and Dalton
Author: Andrew N. MeldrumPublisher:
ISBN: 9781331982739
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 114
Book Description
Excerpt from Avogadro and Dalton: The Standing in Chemistry of Their Hypotheses The important question whether, in discussing the constitution of matter, the atom or the molecule should be first considered, is one regarding which there has been considerable difference of opinion among chemists. Formerly, few would have disputed the claim of the atom to prior consideration. Not only did Dalton's atomic hypothesis precede Avogadro's molecular hypothesis in order of time, but this chronological order seemed also to be the natural order, involving, as it did, only the usual transition from the simpler to the more complex conception. But the history of the science shows that, enormous as were the services which Dalton's atomic hypothesis rendered to chemistry, the chief object of that hypothesis - the determination of a set of consistent atomic weights - remained for a long time merely a pious hope. Avogadro's rule supplied a means of determining the molecular weights of substances, and, from these molecular weights, of ascertaining which of several possible atomic weights of a contained element was the correct one. Until this step had been taken, the marvellous developments of theoretical chemistry which have characterised the last fifty years would have been impossible. In the study of the constitution of matter, therefore, we are compelled, by the very nature of the particular problems of scientific measurement and calculation involved, to reverse what is apparently the natural order of things and to proceed from the more complex to the simpler - from highly complex objects of sense to successively simpler and simpler conceptual structures underlying these. Thus the order of quantitative determination is: - (1) relative weights of comparable amounts of matter in bulk (gaseous or dissolved); (2) relative weights of molecules; (3) relative weights of atoms; and (4), if subsequent experiment should justify the most recent speculations, mass of electrons. The view here stated as to the true ratiocinative order of precedence of the molecular and atomic hypotheses has been held by various chemists; but I have nowhere else seen it expounded with such wealth of illustration and with so exhaustive a knowledge of the fundamental literature of the subject, as in the present monograph by Dr. Meldrum. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Foundations of the Molecular Theory
Author: John DaltonPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Molecular theory
Languages : en
Pages : 60
Book Description
Avogadro and Dalton. the Standing in Chemistry of Their Hypotheses - Scholar's Choice Edition
Author: Andrew Norman MeldrumPublisher:
ISBN: 9781293994276
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 126
Book Description
This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Foundations of the Molecular Theory
Author: John DaltonPublisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN: 9781973946038
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 52
Book Description
From the Preface. THE papers here reprinted in chronological order serve to exhibit the historical development of the idea of a connection existing between the number of particles in different gases and the volume they occupy. It will be seen that Dalton from the first entertains the notion that equal volumes of different gases may contain the same number of ultimate particles at equal temperature and pressure, but that he is legitimately forced to reject this assumption, conceiving no distinction between the atom and the molecule of an element. Gay-Lussac's important experimental work on the combining volumes of gases then shows the necessity of a simple relation between the ultimate particles of gases and their volumes, although he does not point this out in his paper. Dalton, however, perceives the necessity, and characteristically . concludes by doubting the accuracy of Gay-Lussac's experiments. Avogadro, finally, accepts both Dalton's theory and Gay-Lussac's data, and teaches how to reconcile them by distinguishing between the atom and the molecule of an elementary gas. It has not been thought necessary to reprint the letter of Ampere to Berthollet (Annales de Chimie, 90, 43-86, 1814), since that paper contains no advance on the views of Avogadro published three years earlier, its author simply drawing the same conclusions from the same premises. The English version of the French originals will probably be found more faithful than elegant, especially so in the case of Avogadro's paper, where the French is always clumsy and occasionally obscure.