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Author: Joe Majerus Publisher: diplom.de ISBN: 3954898500 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 73
Book Description
The question of whether states pursue absolute or relative gains has divided neo-realism and neo-liberalism for quite some time now. Thus whereas neo-realists contend that states seek comparative advantages relative to others, neo-liberal scholars argue that they are primarily interested in absolute individual gains. In applying social-constructivist ideas, however, this book will demonstrate that such a preference for relative or absolute gains is not naturally predetermined, but inextricably linked to the continual 're-construction' of states' national identities and interests. By analyzing the Truman Administration's decision for using nuclear weapons against Hiroshima and Nagasaki, this case study will show that American leaders were much more preoccupied with achieving absolute rather than relative gains. Such absolute considerations were influenced by the pressures of an anarchic self-help system, specific domestic imperatives and the personal views of individual policy-makers who believed that only swift socio-economic recovery and the creation of a more peaceful security environment would ultimately ensure their country's long-term international position.
Author: Joe Majerus Publisher: diplom.de ISBN: 3954898500 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 73
Book Description
The question of whether states pursue absolute or relative gains has divided neo-realism and neo-liberalism for quite some time now. Thus whereas neo-realists contend that states seek comparative advantages relative to others, neo-liberal scholars argue that they are primarily interested in absolute individual gains. In applying social-constructivist ideas, however, this book will demonstrate that such a preference for relative or absolute gains is not naturally predetermined, but inextricably linked to the continual 're-construction' of states' national identities and interests. By analyzing the Truman Administration's decision for using nuclear weapons against Hiroshima and Nagasaki, this case study will show that American leaders were much more preoccupied with achieving absolute rather than relative gains. Such absolute considerations were influenced by the pressures of an anarchic self-help system, specific domestic imperatives and the personal views of individual policy-makers who believed that only swift socio-economic recovery and the creation of a more peaceful security environment would ultimately ensure their country's long-term international position.
Author: Joe Majerus Publisher: Anchor Academic Publishing (aap_verlag) ISBN: 3954895609 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 66
Book Description
Throughout human history there may hardly be found any other single decision that still causes such high amounts of scholarly debate as does the dropping of Atomic Bombs upon the Japanese city of Hiroshima in August 6th 1945, and respectively, three days later upon the city of Nagasaki. These events have caused close to 100 000 casualties in the civilian population, and yet, it does not include all of those persons who would later succumb to radiation sickness or severe birth deformations. Historians still debate the alleged plurality of motives underlying this momentous decision. The debate's result is a polarized scholarly discord which by now virtually abounds in a multitude of different theories, and competing suppositions. On the one hand, there are those scholars who argue that the decision rested solely on grounds of military expediency, foremost on the necessity to shorten a gruelling war, and to save the lives of American soldiers. On the other hand, historians offer the explanation that American policy makers above all wanted to exhibit their country's enormous military potency, and therefore, Hiroshima and Nagasaki should demonstrate the vast destructive potential which presently solely the United States had at its command, and so, counter post-war ambitions of the Soviet Union. The author of this study analyses the contextual circumstances in the spring and summer of 1945, and moreover, the principal motives of the key American government officials. Accordingly, the author offers his own substantive and conclusive answer to the question that concerns the primary factors and/or ostensibly ulterior motives that led American decision makers to issue the consequential order to detonate Atomic Bombs over Hiroshima and Nagasaki. First and foremost, the findings rest upon a critical and comprehensive engagement, and are based on the available documentary evidence from this time.
Author: Wilson D. Miscamble Publisher: ISBN: 9781139077279 Category : Atomic bomb Languages : en Pages : 190
Book Description
This book explores the American use of atomic bombs, and the role these weapons played in the defeat of the Japanese Empire in World War II. It focuses on President Harry S. Truman's decision making regarding this most controversial of all his decisions. The book relies on notable archival research, and the best and most recent scholarship on the subject to fashion an incisive overview that is fair and forceful in its judgments. This study addresses a subject that has been much debated among historians, and it confronts head-on the highly disputed claim that the Truman administration practiced atomic diplomacy. The book goes beyond its central historical analysis to ask whether it was morally right for the United States to use these terrible weapons against Hiroshima and Nagasaki. It also provides a balanced evaluation of the relationship between atomic weapons and the origins of the Cold War."
Author: Publisher: DIANE Publishing ISBN: 1428910336 Category : Languages : en Pages : 369
Book Description
Nearly 40 years after the concept of finite deterrence was popularized by the Johnson administration, nuclear Mutual Assured Destruction (MAD) thinking appears to be in decline. The United States has rejected the notion that threatening population centers with nuclear attacks is a legitimate way to assure deterrence. Most recently, it withdrew from the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty, an agreement based on MAD. American opposition to MAD also is reflected in the Bush administration's desire to develop smaller, more accurate nuclear weapons that would reduce the number of innocent civilians killed in a nuclear strike. Still, MAD is influential in a number of ways. First, other countries, like China, have not abandoned the idea that holding their adversaries' cities at risk is necessary to assure their own strategic security. Nor have U.S. and allied security officials and experts fully abandoned the idea. At a minimum, acquiring nuclear weapons is still viewed as being sensible to face off a hostile neighbor that might strike one's own cities. Thus, our diplomats have been warning China that Japan would be under tremendous pressure to go nuclear if North Korea persisted in acquiring a few crude weapons of its own. Similarly, Israeli officials have long argued, without criticism, that they would not be second in acquiring nuclear weapons in the Middle East. Indeed, given that Israelis surrounded by enemies that would not hesitate to destroy its population if they could, Washington finds Israel's retention of a significant nuclear capability totally "understandable."
Author: United States. Army. Corps of Engineers. Manhattan District Publisher: Namaskar Book ISBN: Category : Fiction Languages : en Pages : 82
Book Description
Explore a pivotal moment in history and unravel the profound impact of the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki with "The Atomic Bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki: Unraveling the Impact of History" by the United States Army Corps of Engineers Manhattan District. Delve into the complexities of this harrowing chapter, examining its historical significance and enduring legacy. As the Manhattan District Corps of Engineers sheds light on the events that shaped the course of World War II and the subsequent nuclear age, witness the devastation wrought by these catastrophic weapons of mass destruction. Navigate through the aftermath, exploring the ethical dilemmas, geopolitical ramifications, and human toll of these unprecedented acts of warfare. But amidst the devastation and despair, a haunting question emerges: Can humanity confront the horrors of its past and forge a path towards peace and reconciliation, or are we doomed to repeat the mistakes of history? Engage with the meticulous research and firsthand accounts that illuminate the untold stories of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, capturing the resilience of the survivors and the imperative of remembrance. Join the journey of remembrance and reflection as we confront the sobering realities of war and nuclear proliferation. Are we prepared to heed the lessons of history and work towards a future free from the specter of nuclear annihilation? Immerse yourself in the depth of analysis and historical context provided by the Manhattan District Corps of Engineers, offering invaluable insights into one of the most consequential events of the 20th century. Now is the time to honor the memory of those affected by the atomic bombings and reaffirm our commitment to peace and nuclear disarmament. Let this profound exploration be a catalyst for dialogue, understanding, and collective action. Secure your copy of "The Atomic Bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki" today and embark on a journey of discovery, remembrance, and reconciliation. Together, let us strive to ensure that the horrors of Hiroshima and Nagasaki are never forgotten and never repeated.
Author: Douglas T. Stuart Publisher: ISBN: Category : History Languages : en Pages : 552
Book Description
is understudied, both inside and outside of government. Tactical weapons, although less awesome than their strategic siblings, carry significant security and political risks, and they have not received the attention that is commensurate to their importance. Second, it is clear that whatever the future of these arms, the status quo is unacceptable. It is past the time for NATO to make more resolute decisions, find a coherent strategy, and formulate more definite plans about its nuclear status. Consequently, decisions about the role of nuclear weapons within the Alliance and the associated supporting analysis are fundamental to the future identity of NATO. At the Lisbon Summit in Portugal in November 2010, the Alliance agreed to conduct the Deterrence and Defense Posture Review (DDPR). This effort is designed to answer these difficult questions prior to the upcoming NATO Summit in May 2012.
Author: Vincent C. Jones Publisher: CreateSpace ISBN: 9781516889280 Category : Languages : en Pages : 690
Book Description
The U.S. Army played a key role in the formation and administration of the Manhattan Project, the World War II organization which produced the atomic bombs that not only contributed decisively to ending the war with Japan but also opened the way to a new atomic age. This volume describes how the wartime Army, already faced with the enormous responsibility of mobilizing, training, and deploying vast forces to fight a formidable enemy on far-flung fronts in Europe and the Pacific, responded to the additional task of organizing and administering what was to become the single largest technological project of its kind undertaken up to that time. To meet this challenge, the Army-drawing first upon the long-time experience and considerable resources of its Corps of Engineers-formed a new engineer organization, the Manhattan District, to take over from the Office of Scientific Research and Development administration of a program earlier established by American and refugee scientists to exploit the military potentialities of atomic energy. Eventually, however, the rapidly expanding project turned for support and services to a much broader spectrum of the Army, including the War Department, the Ordnance Department, the Signal, Medical, Military Police, and Women's Army Corps, the Military Intelligence Division of the War Department General Staff, and the Army Air Forces. These and other Army elements worked together in close collaboration with American industry and science to win what was believed to be a desperate race with Nazi Germany to be first in producing atomic weapons. For both soldiers and civilians this history of the Army's earlier experience in dealing successfully with the then novel problems of atomic science seems likely to offer some instructive parallels for finding appropriate answers to the problems faced in today's ever more technologically complex world.
Author: Nina Tannenwald Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 9780521524285 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 472
Book Description
Why have nuclear weapons not been used since Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945? Nina Tannenwald disputes the conventional answer of 'deterrence' in favour of what she calls a nuclear taboo - a widespread inhibition on using nuclear weapons - which has arisen in global politics. Drawing on newly released archival sources, Tannenwald traces the rise of the nuclear taboo, the forces that produced it, and its influence, particularly on US leaders. She analyzes four critical instances where US leaders considered using nuclear weapons (Japan 1945, the Korean War, the Vietnam War, and the Gulf War 1991) and examines how the nuclear taboo has repeatedly dissuaded US and other world leaders from resorting to these 'ultimate weapons'. Through a systematic analysis, Tannenwald challenges conventional conceptions of deterrence and offers a compelling argument on the moral bases of nuclear restraint as well as an important insight into how nuclear war can be avoided in the future.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 116
Book Description
The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists is the premier public resource on scientific and technological developments that impact global security. Founded by Manhattan Project Scientists, the Bulletin's iconic "Doomsday Clock" stimulates solutions for a safer world.
Author: Joe Majerus
Author: Joe Majerus
Author: Joe Majerus
Author: Gar Alperovitz
Author: Wilson D. Miscamble
Author: 
Author: United States. Army. Corps of Engineers. Manhattan District
Author: Douglas T. Stuart
Author: Vincent C. Jones
Author: Nina Tannenwald
Author: