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Author: Mike Krebs Publisher: OUP USA ISBN: 0199767114 Category : Mathematics Languages : en Pages : 283
Book Description
Expander families enjoy a wide range of applications in mathematics and computer science, and their study is a fascinating one in its own right. Expander Families and Cayley Graphs: A Beginner's Guide provides an introduction to the mathematical theory underlying these objects. The central notion in the book is that of expansion, which roughly means the quality of a graph as a communications network. Cayley graphs are certain graphs constructed from groups; they play a prominent role in the study of expander families. The isoperimetric constant, the second largest eigenvalue, the diameter, and the Kazhdan constant are four measures of the expansion quality of a Cayley graph. The book carefully develops these concepts, discussing their relationships to one another and to subgroups and quotients as well as their best-case growth rates. Topics include graph spectra (i.e., eigenvalues); a Cheeger-Buser-type inequality for regular graphs; group quotients and graph coverings; subgroups and Schreier generators; the Alon-Boppana theorem on the second largest eigenvalue of a regular graph; Ramanujan graphs; diameter estimates for Cayley graphs; the zig-zag product and its relation to semidirect products of groups; eigenvalues of Cayley graphs; Paley graphs; and Kazhdan constants. The book was written with undergraduate math majors in mind; indeed, several dozen of them field-tested it. The prerequisites are minimal: one course in linear algebra, and one course in group theory. No background in graph theory or representation theory is assumed; the book develops from scatch the required facts from these fields. The authors include not only overviews and quick capsule summaries of key concepts, but also details of potentially confusing lines of reasoning. The book contains ideas for student research projects (for capstone projects, REUs, etc.), exercises (both easy and hard), and extensive notes with references to the literature.
Author: Mike Krebs Publisher: OUP USA ISBN: 0199767114 Category : Mathematics Languages : en Pages : 283
Book Description
Expander families enjoy a wide range of applications in mathematics and computer science, and their study is a fascinating one in its own right. Expander Families and Cayley Graphs: A Beginner's Guide provides an introduction to the mathematical theory underlying these objects. The central notion in the book is that of expansion, which roughly means the quality of a graph as a communications network. Cayley graphs are certain graphs constructed from groups; they play a prominent role in the study of expander families. The isoperimetric constant, the second largest eigenvalue, the diameter, and the Kazhdan constant are four measures of the expansion quality of a Cayley graph. The book carefully develops these concepts, discussing their relationships to one another and to subgroups and quotients as well as their best-case growth rates. Topics include graph spectra (i.e., eigenvalues); a Cheeger-Buser-type inequality for regular graphs; group quotients and graph coverings; subgroups and Schreier generators; the Alon-Boppana theorem on the second largest eigenvalue of a regular graph; Ramanujan graphs; diameter estimates for Cayley graphs; the zig-zag product and its relation to semidirect products of groups; eigenvalues of Cayley graphs; Paley graphs; and Kazhdan constants. The book was written with undergraduate math majors in mind; indeed, several dozen of them field-tested it. The prerequisites are minimal: one course in linear algebra, and one course in group theory. No background in graph theory or representation theory is assumed; the book develops from scatch the required facts from these fields. The authors include not only overviews and quick capsule summaries of key concepts, but also details of potentially confusing lines of reasoning. The book contains ideas for student research projects (for capstone projects, REUs, etc.), exercises (both easy and hard), and extensive notes with references to the literature.
Author: Mike Krebs Publisher: Oxford University Press ISBN: 0199877483 Category : Mathematics Languages : en Pages : 288
Book Description
The theory of expander graphs is a rapidly developing topic in mathematics and computer science, with applications to communication networks, error-correcting codes, cryptography, complexity theory, and much more. Expander Families and Cayley Graphs: A Beginner's Guide is a comprehensive introduction to expander graphs, designed to act as a bridge between classroom study and active research in the field of expanders. It equips those with little or no prior knowledge with the skills necessary to both comprehend current research articles and begin their own research. Central to this book are four invariants that measure the quality of a Cayley graph as a communications network-the isoperimetric constant, the second-largest eigenvalue, the diameter, and the Kazhdan constant. The book poses and answers three core questions: How do these invariants relate to one another? How do they relate to subgroups and quotients? What are their optimal values/growth rates? Chapters cover topics such as: · Graph spectra · A Cheeger-Buser-type inequality for regular graphs · Group quotients and graph coverings · Subgroups and Schreier generators · Ramanujan graphs and the Alon-Boppana theorem · The zig-zag product and its relation to semidirect products of groups · Representation theory and eigenvalues of Cayley graphs · Kazhdan constants The only introductory text on this topic suitable for both undergraduate and graduate students, Expander Families and Cayley Graphs requires only one course in linear algebra and one in group theory. No background in graph theory or representation theory is assumed. Examples and practice problems with varying complexity are included, along with detailed notes on research articles that have appeared in the literature. Many chapters end with suggested research topics that are ideal for student projects.
Author: Terence Tao Publisher: American Mathematical Soc. ISBN: 1470421968 Category : Mathematics Languages : en Pages : 303
Book Description
Expander graphs are an important tool in theoretical computer science, geometric group theory, probability, and number theory. Furthermore, the techniques used to rigorously establish the expansion property of a graph draw from such diverse areas of mathematics as representation theory, algebraic geometry, and arithmetic combinatorics. This text focuses on the latter topic in the important case of Cayley graphs on finite groups of Lie type, developing tools such as Kazhdan's property (T), quasirandomness, product estimates, escape from subvarieties, and the Balog-Szemerédi-Gowers lemma. Applications to the affine sieve of Bourgain, Gamburd, and Sarnak are also given. The material is largely self-contained, with additional sections on the general theory of expanders, spectral theory, Lie theory, and the Lang-Weil bound, as well as numerous exercises and other optional material.
Author: Alex Lubotzky Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3034603320 Category : Mathematics Languages : en Pages : 201
Book Description
In the last ?fteen years two seemingly unrelated problems, one in computer science and the other in measure theory, were solved by amazingly similar techniques from representation theory and from analytic number theory. One problem is the - plicit construction of expanding graphs («expanders»). These are highly connected sparse graphs whose existence can be easily demonstrated but whose explicit c- struction turns out to be a dif?cult task. Since expanders serve as basic building blocks for various distributed networks, an explicit construction is highly des- able. The other problem is one posed by Ruziewicz about seventy years ago and studied by Banach [Ba]. It asks whether the Lebesgue measure is the only ?nitely additive measure of total measure one, de?ned on the Lebesgue subsets of the n-dimensional sphere and invariant under all rotations. The two problems seem, at ?rst glance, totally unrelated. It is therefore so- what surprising that both problems were solved using similar methods: initially, Kazhdan’s property (T) from representation theory of semi-simple Lie groups was applied in both cases to achieve partial results, and later on, both problems were solved using the (proved) Ramanujan conjecture from the theory of automorphic forms. The fact that representation theory and automorphic forms have anything to do with these problems is a surprise and a hint as well that the two questions are strongly related.
Author: Ravindra B. Bapat Publisher: Springer ISBN: 1447165691 Category : Mathematics Languages : en Pages : 193
Book Description
This new edition illustrates the power of linear algebra in the study of graphs. The emphasis on matrix techniques is greater than in other texts on algebraic graph theory. Important matrices associated with graphs (for example, incidence, adjacency and Laplacian matrices) are treated in detail. Presenting a useful overview of selected topics in algebraic graph theory, early chapters of the text focus on regular graphs, algebraic connectivity, the distance matrix of a tree, and its generalized version for arbitrary graphs, known as the resistance matrix. Coverage of later topics include Laplacian eigenvalues of threshold graphs, the positive definite completion problem and matrix games based on a graph. Such an extensive coverage of the subject area provides a welcome prompt for further exploration. The inclusion of exercises enables practical learning throughout the book. In the new edition, a new chapter is added on the line graph of a tree, while some results in Chapter 6 on Perron-Frobenius theory are reorganized. Whilst this book will be invaluable to students and researchers in graph theory and combinatorial matrix theory, it will also benefit readers in the sciences and engineering.
Author: Alain Bretto Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3319000802 Category : Mathematics Languages : en Pages : 119
Book Description
This book provides an introduction to hypergraphs, its aim being to overcome the lack of recent manuscripts on this theory. In the literature hypergraphs have many other names such as set systems and families of sets. This work presents the theory of hypergraphs in its most original aspects, while also introducing and assessing the latest concepts on hypergraphs. The variety of topics, their originality and novelty are intended to help readers better understand the hypergraphs in all their diversity in order to perceive their value and power as mathematical tools. This book will be a great asset to upper-level undergraduate and graduate students in computer science and mathematics. It has been the subject of an annual Master's course for many years, making it also ideally suited to Master's students in computer science, mathematics, bioinformatics, engineering, chemistry, and many other fields. It will also benefit scientists, engineers and anyone else who wants to understand hypergraphs theory.
Author: Giuliana Davidoff Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 9780521824262 Category : Mathematics Languages : en Pages : 156
Book Description
This text is a self-contained study of expander graphs, specifically, their explicit construction. Expander graphs are highly connected but sparse, and while being of interest within combinatorics and graph theory, they can also be applied to computer science and engineering. Only a knowledge of elementary algebra, analysis and combinatorics is required because the authors provide the necessary background from graph theory, number theory, group theory and representation theory. Thus the text can be used as a brief introduction to these subjects and their synthesis in modern mathematics.
Author: Noga Alon Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 1119062071 Category : Mathematics Languages : en Pages : 400
Book Description
Praise for the Third Edition “Researchers of any kind of extremal combinatorics or theoretical computer science will welcome the new edition of this book.” - MAA Reviews Maintaining a standard of excellence that establishes The Probabilistic Method as the leading reference on probabilistic methods in combinatorics, the Fourth Edition continues to feature a clear writing style, illustrative examples, and illuminating exercises. The new edition includes numerous updates to reflect the most recent developments and advances in discrete mathematics and the connections to other areas in mathematics, theoretical computer science, and statistical physics. Emphasizing the methodology and techniques that enable problem-solving, The Probabilistic Method, Fourth Edition begins with a description of tools applied to probabilistic arguments, including basic techniques that use expectation and variance as well as the more advanced applications of martingales and correlation inequalities. The authors explore where probabilistic techniques have been applied successfully and also examine topical coverage such as discrepancy and random graphs, circuit complexity, computational geometry, and derandomization of randomized algorithms. Written by two well-known authorities in the field, the Fourth Edition features: Additional exercises throughout with hints and solutions to select problems in an appendix to help readers obtain a deeper understanding of the best methods and techniques New coverage on topics such as the Local Lemma, Six Standard Deviations result in Discrepancy Theory, Property B, and graph limits Updated sections to reflect major developments on the newest topics, discussions of the hypergraph container method, and many new references and improved results The Probabilistic Method, Fourth Edition is an ideal textbook for upper-undergraduate and graduate-level students majoring in mathematics, computer science, operations research, and statistics. The Fourth Edition is also an excellent reference for researchers and combinatorists who use probabilistic methods, discrete mathematics, and number theory. Noga Alon, PhD, is Baumritter Professor of Mathematics and Computer Science at Tel Aviv University. He is a member of the Israel National Academy of Sciences and Academia Europaea. A coeditor of the journal Random Structures and Algorithms, Dr. Alon is the recipient of the Polya Prize, The Gödel Prize, The Israel Prize, and the EMET Prize. Joel H. Spencer, PhD, is Professor of Mathematics and Computer Science at the Courant Institute of New York University. He is the cofounder and coeditor of the journal Random Structures and Algorithms and is a Sloane Foundation Fellow. Dr. Spencer has written more than 200 published articles and is the coauthor of Ramsey Theory, Second Edition, also published by Wiley.
Author: Mike Krebs
Author: Mike Krebs
Author: Mike Krebs
Author: 
Author: Terence Tao
Author: Alex Lubotzky
Author: Ravindra B. Bapat
Author: Kenneth R. Garren
Author: Alain Bretto
Author: Giuliana Davidoff
Author: Noga Alon