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Author: National Research Council Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309064473 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 74
Book Description
The American Anti-Vivisection Society (AAVS) petitioned the National Institutes of Health (NIH) on April 23, 1997, to prohibit the use of animals in the production of mAb. On September 18, 1997, NIH declined to prohibit the use of mice in mAb production, stating that "the ascites method of mAb production is scientifically appropriate for some research projects and cannot be replaced." On March 26, 1998, AAVS submitted a second petition, stating that "NIH failed to provide valid scientific reasons for not supporting a proposed ban." The office of the NIH director asked the National Research Council to conduct a study of methods of producing mAb. In response to that request, the Research Council appointed the Committee on Methods of Producing Monoclonal Antibodies, to act on behalf of the Institute for Laboratory Animal Research of the Commission on Life Sciences, to conduct the study. The 11 expert members of the committee had extensive experience in biomedical research, laboratory animal medicine, animal welfare, pain research, and patient advocacy (Appendix B). The committee was asked to determine whether there was a scientific necessity for the mouse ascites method; if so, whether the method caused pain or distress; and, if so, what could be done to minimize the pain or distress. The committee was also asked to comment on available in vitro methods; to suggest what acceptable scientific rationale, if any, there was for using the mouse ascites method; and to identify regulatory requirements for the continued use of the mouse ascites method. The committee held an open data-gathering meeting during which its members summarized data bearing on those questions. A 1-day workshop (Appendix A) was attended by 34 participants, 14 of whom made formal presentations. A second meeting was held to finalize the report. The present report was written on the basis of information in the literature and information presented at the meeting and the workshop.
Author: National Research Council Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309064473 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 74
Book Description
The American Anti-Vivisection Society (AAVS) petitioned the National Institutes of Health (NIH) on April 23, 1997, to prohibit the use of animals in the production of mAb. On September 18, 1997, NIH declined to prohibit the use of mice in mAb production, stating that "the ascites method of mAb production is scientifically appropriate for some research projects and cannot be replaced." On March 26, 1998, AAVS submitted a second petition, stating that "NIH failed to provide valid scientific reasons for not supporting a proposed ban." The office of the NIH director asked the National Research Council to conduct a study of methods of producing mAb. In response to that request, the Research Council appointed the Committee on Methods of Producing Monoclonal Antibodies, to act on behalf of the Institute for Laboratory Animal Research of the Commission on Life Sciences, to conduct the study. The 11 expert members of the committee had extensive experience in biomedical research, laboratory animal medicine, animal welfare, pain research, and patient advocacy (Appendix B). The committee was asked to determine whether there was a scientific necessity for the mouse ascites method; if so, whether the method caused pain or distress; and, if so, what could be done to minimize the pain or distress. The committee was also asked to comment on available in vitro methods; to suggest what acceptable scientific rationale, if any, there was for using the mouse ascites method; and to identify regulatory requirements for the continued use of the mouse ascites method. The committee held an open data-gathering meeting during which its members summarized data bearing on those questions. A 1-day workshop (Appendix A) was attended by 34 participants, 14 of whom made formal presentations. A second meeting was held to finalize the report. The present report was written on the basis of information in the literature and information presented at the meeting and the workshop.
Author: Edgar Engleman Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1468449494 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 528
Book Description
Soon after Kohler and Milstein described the use of somatic cell hybridization for the production of murine monoclonal antibodies of desired specificity, this relatively simple technique became widely applied. Indeed, production of murine monoclonal antibodies is now considered routine by immunologists and nonimmunologists alike. However, as heterologous proteins, mouse monoclonal antibodies have one major limitation: they are immunogenic in man and, hence, their use in vivo is severely limited. An obvious solution to this problem is to produce human hybridomas with the same techniques used for the production of rodent hybrids. Unfortunately, the history of human hybridomas has been marked by substantive and often exasperating tech nical problems, and the first reports of hybrids secreting human immu noglobulin of desired specificity did not appear until 1980. These reports were met with initial enthusiasm, but it soon became apparent that while human lymphocytes might be fused, their frequency, level of Ig synthesis, and stability were such that production of human antibodies with this method was neither routine nor practical. Nonetheless, a sufficient number of investiga tors persevered, and during the next 5 years relatively efficient B-cell fusion partners as well as improved methods of Epstein-Barr virus transformation were developed. Generation of human T -T hybrids has also been achieved, although problems of chromosomal stability remain a substantial obstacle, more so than with B-cell lines.
Author: A.M. Campbell Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 9780080858821 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 264
Book Description
This volume contains detailed, comprehensive advice on rat, mouse and human hybridoma production. It begins with a general introduction, then describes the practical applications of the technology with photographs and protocols for everything from animal dissection to epitope analysis of antigens.
Author: Arie H. Bartal Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1461248264 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 495
Book Description
Laymen often consider modern laboratory research to be based on an endless array of sophisticated technologies whose complex capabilities are as important to the outcome of any project as the inventiveness and creativity of the scientists who employ them. Scientists at times may share this point of view until they are con fronted by unexpected findings that demand new approaches, and they discover that yesterday's "sophisticated tools" are today's "blunt instruments." This experience provides a more sobering view of the current state of our scientific methods. It also serves as an impetus for the further development of technology that prepares us for the next stage of advance. Immunologists were confronted by such a technological crises in the late 1970s when they finally were forced to admit that poly clonal antibodies, although quite sensitive reagents, were not spe cific enough to answer many of the questions then confronting virologists and tumor biologists. The answer to the need for specific ity came with the development of monoclonal antibody technology. In the last ten years there have been considerable advances in monoclonal antibody techniques. Today these reagents are much more versatile than they were initially and can be applied to a broad range of problems. Still, most workers who are using these anti bodies are convinced that their potential is far from exhausted, and that at least in some fields we are currently in the early stages of learning how to use them properly.
Author: A.M. Campbell Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 9780080887357 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 426
Book Description
This highly practical book, and successor to Volume 13 in the Laboratory Techniques series, explores further and provides more comprehensive, autoritative information on the production of Mabs. Much new and illuminating material has been included covering the concepts behind the application of recombinant DNA technology and biosensor technology to monoclonal antibodies, and all the human Mab technology facilitated by PCR of antibody genes. Also included in this latest volume is a section focussing on other methods of obtaining B cell clones such as short-term culture and oncogene transformation and an interesting section on Mab patents.
Author: J. Eryl Liddell Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 9780471929055 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 212
Book Description
Includes all of the information required to produce monoclonal antibodies in the laboratory and to prepare them for use in a multitude of given applications. Production procedures are treated in chronological order, beginning with basic tissue culture techniques, immunization strategies and screening test design, followed by production of hybridoma cell lines and basic antibody characterization, purification and labeling. Each chapter contains explanatory text on each step with comparative analysis of methods where appropriate. All necessary experimental protocols are presented in a self-contained format that is easy to follow in the laboratory. Alternative protocols are provided where relevant; for others not included in full, source references are presented. Surveys the current status of human hybridoma production and antibody engineering using molecular biology techniques.
Author: National Research Council
Author: National Research Council
Author: Edgar Engleman
Author: A.M. Campbell
Author: Linda Elaine Strike
Author: Arie H. Bartal
Author: A.M. Campbell
Author: Geoffrey Josiah Letchworth
Author: Ailsa M. Campbell
Author: J. Eryl Liddell
Author: Anthony J. Strelkauskas