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Author: Christian Wagner Publisher: GRIN Verlag ISBN: 3346188450 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 103
Book Description
Thesis (M.A.) from the year 2019 in the subject Business economics - Economic Policy, grade: 1,7, University of Bayreuth, language: English, abstract: This thesis aims to shed light to the various characteristics and sources of income inequality in China and thereby demonstrate their interrelations on economic growth using a literature review approach and by examining the impact of differences in the propensity to save among various Chinese income groups. In the course of this, China’s current degree of income inequality is established, while identifying various forces and drivers behind these changes since the economic opening process initiated in 1978. Since adoption of the open-market policy reforms in 1978, China has experienced rapid economic growth. At the same time, its level of income inequality turned from one of the world's most equal to one of the most unequal. During long periods of time China was the country that experienced the fastest increase in income inequality. This bags the question whether income inequality is in fact the causal reason for economic growth or the necessary outcome of it. In the wake of this, income inequality in China has developed into several dimensions of inequality drivers ranging from an extensive urban-rural inequality, cross-regional inequality, inequality of education or wealth inequalities.
Author: Christian Wagner Publisher: GRIN Verlag ISBN: 3346188450 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 103
Book Description
Thesis (M.A.) from the year 2019 in the subject Business economics - Economic Policy, grade: 1,7, University of Bayreuth, language: English, abstract: This thesis aims to shed light to the various characteristics and sources of income inequality in China and thereby demonstrate their interrelations on economic growth using a literature review approach and by examining the impact of differences in the propensity to save among various Chinese income groups. In the course of this, China’s current degree of income inequality is established, while identifying various forces and drivers behind these changes since the economic opening process initiated in 1978. Since adoption of the open-market policy reforms in 1978, China has experienced rapid economic growth. At the same time, its level of income inequality turned from one of the world's most equal to one of the most unequal. During long periods of time China was the country that experienced the fastest increase in income inequality. This bags the question whether income inequality is in fact the causal reason for economic growth or the necessary outcome of it. In the wake of this, income inequality in China has developed into several dimensions of inequality drivers ranging from an extensive urban-rural inequality, cross-regional inequality, inequality of education or wealth inequalities.
Author: Ms.Sonali Jain-Chandra Publisher: International Monetary Fund ISBN: 1484357531 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 31
Book Description
China has experienced rapid economic growth over the past two decades and is on the brink of eradicating poverty. However, income inequality increased sharply from the early 1980s and rendered China among the most unequal countries in the world. This trend has started to reverse as China has experienced a modest decline in inequality since 2008. This paper identifies various drivers behind these trends – including structural changes such as urbanization and aging and, more recently, policy initiatives to combat it. It finds that policies will need to play an important role in curbing inequality in the future, as projected structural trends will put further strain on equity considerations. In particular, fiscal policy reforms have the potential to enhance inclusiveness and equity, both on the tax and expenditure side.
Author: Shubham Chaudhuri Publisher: World Bank Publications ISBN: Category : Absolute Poverty Languages : en Pages : 34
Book Description
Abstract: The paper examines the ways in which recent economic growth has been uneven in China and India and what this has meant for inequality and poverty. Drawing on analyses based on existing household survey data and aggregate data from official sources, the authors show that growth has indeed been uneven-geographically, sectorally, and at the household level-and that this has meant uneven progress against poverty, less poverty reduction than might have been achieved had growth been more balanced, and an increase in income inequality. The paper then examines why growth was uneven and why this should be of concern. The discussion is structured around the idea that there are both "good" and "bad" inequalities-drivers and dimensions of inequality and uneven growth that are good or bad in terms of what they imply for both equity and long-term growth and development. The authors argue that the development paths of both China and India have been influenced by, and have generated, both types of inequalities and that while good inequalities-most notably those that reflect the role of economic incentives-have been critical to the growth experience thus far, there is a risk that bad inequalities-those that prevent individuals from connecting to markets and limit investment and accumulation of human capital and physical capital-may undermine the sustainability of growth in the coming years. The authors argue that policies are needed that preserve the good inequalities-continued incentives for innovation and investment-but reduce the scope for bad ones, notably through investments in human capital and rural infrastructure that help the poor connect to markets.
Author: Guanghua Wan Publisher: Oxford University Press on Demand ISBN: 0199535191 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 236
Book Description
This volume provides comprehensive, up to date coverage of inequality and poverty issues in China. Going beyond standard data sources and using state-of-art research techniques, this volume substantiates a number of findings and conclusions and ensures policy recommendations are reliable and robust.
Author: Terry Sicular Publisher: Oxford University Press ISBN: 0190077956 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 457
Book Description
Over the past quarter-century China has seen a dramatic increase in income inequality, prompting a shift in China's development strategy and the adoption of an array of new policies to redistribute income, promote shared growth, and establish a social safety net. Drawing on of household-level data from the China Household Income Project, Changing Trends in China's Inequality provides an independent, comprehensive, and empirically grounded study of the evolution of incomes and inequality in China over time. Edited by leading experts on the Chinese economy, the volume analyzes this evolution in China as a whole as well as in the urban and rural sectors, with close attention to measurement issues and to shifts in the economy, institutions, and public policy. Specific essays provides analyses of China's wealth inequality, the emergence of a new middle class, the income gap between the Han majority and the ethnic minorities, the gender wage gap, and the impacts of government policies such as social welfare programs and the minimum wage.
Author: Shi Li Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 1107244455 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 531
Book Description
This book, a sequel to Inequality and Public Policy in China (2008), examines the evolution of inequality in China from 2002 to 2007, a period when the new 'harmonious society' development strategy was adopted under Hu Jintao and Wen Jiabao. It fills a gap in knowledge about the outcomes of this development strategy for equity and inequality. Drawing on original information collected from the recent two waves of nationwide household surveys conducted by the China Household Income Project, this book provides a detailed overview of recent trends in income inequality and cutting-edge analysis of key factors underlying such trends. Topics covered include inequality in education, changes in homeownership and the distribution of housing wealth, the evolution of the migrant labor market, disparities between public and non-public sectors, patterns of work and non-work, gender, ethnicity, and the impacts of public policies such as reforms in taxation and social welfare programs.
Author: Rongxing Guo Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 0470826754 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 228
Book Description
This comprehensive overview of the modern Chinese economy by a noted expert from China offers a quality and breadth of coverage. In this book, the author provides an introduction to China's economy since 1949 and original insights based on his own extensive research. The book sets out to analyze and compare the operational mechanisms of the Chinese economy between the pre- and post-reform periods and through national, regional and local dimensions. Both positive and negative consequences of the Chinese economic transformation have been clarified. A multiregional comparison of the Chinese economy is conducted in terms of natural and human resources, institutional evolution, as well as economic and social performances. At last, some key issues relating to the inherent operational mechanisms of and the dynamic patterns of the Chinese economy are also discussed.
Author: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development Publisher: Org. for Economic Cooperation & Development ISBN: Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 242
Book Description
On cover and title page: China in the global economy. - The publication includes papers from a seminar held in Paris on 20-21 October 2003.
Author: Shubham Chaudhuri Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
The paper examines the ways in which recent economic growth has been uneven in China and India and what this has meant for inequality and poverty. Drawing on analyses based on existing household survey data and aggregate data from official sources, the authors show that growth has indeed been uneven-geographically, sectorally, and at the household level-and that this has meant uneven progress against poverty, less poverty reduction than might have been achieved had growth been more balanced, and an increase in income inequality. The paper then examines why growth was uneven and why this should be of concern. The discussion is structured around the idea that there are both "good" and "bad" inequalities-drivers and dimensions of inequality and uneven growth that are good or bad in terms of what they imply for both equity and long-term growth and development. The authors argue that the development paths of both China and India have been influenced by, and have generated, both types of inequalities and that while good inequalities-most notably those that reflect the role of economic incentives-have been critical to the growth experience thus far, there is a risk that bad inequalities-those that prevent individuals from connecting to markets and limit investment and accumulation of human capital and physical capital-may undermine the sustainability of growth in the coming years. The authors argue that policies are needed that preserve the good inequalities-continued incentives for innovation and investment-but reduce the scope for bad ones, notably through investments in human capital and rural infrastructure that help the poor connect to markets.
Author: Ms. Era Dabla-Norris Publisher: International Monetary Fund ISBN: 1513547437 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 33
Book Description
This paper analyzes the extent of income inequality from a global perspective, its drivers, and what to do about it. The drivers of inequality vary widely amongst countries, with some common drivers being the skill premium associated with technical change and globalization, weakening protection for labor, and lack of financial inclusion in developing countries. We find that increasing the income share of the poor and the middle class actually increases growth while a rising income share of the top 20 percent results in lower growth—that is, when the rich get richer, benefits do not trickle down. This suggests that policies need to be country specific but should focus on raising the income share of the poor, and ensuring there is no hollowing out of the middle class. To tackle inequality, financial inclusion is imperative in emerging and developing countries while in advanced economies, policies should focus on raising human capital and skills and making tax systems more progressive.
Author: Christian Wagner
Author: Christian Wagner
Author: Ms.Sonali Jain-Chandra
Author: Shubham Chaudhuri
Author: Guanghua Wan
Author: Terry Sicular
Author: Shi Li
Author: Rongxing Guo
Author: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
Author: Shubham Chaudhuri
Author: Ms. Era Dabla-Norris