Scientific and Medical Aspects of Human Reproductive Cloning PDF Download

Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309076374
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 295

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Book Description
Human reproductive cloning is an assisted reproductive technology that would be carried out with the goal of creating a newborn genetically identical to another human being. It is currently the subject of much debate around the world, involving a variety of ethical, religious, societal, scientific, and medical issues. Scientific and Medical Aspects of Human Reproductive Cloning considers the scientific and medical sides of this issue, plus ethical issues that pertain to human-subjects research. Based on experience with reproductive cloning in animals, the report concludes that human reproductive cloning would be dangerous for the woman, fetus, and newborn, and is likely to fail. The study panel did not address the issue of whether human reproductive cloning, even if it were found to be medically safe, would beâ€"or would not beâ€"acceptable to individuals or society.

Author: United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce. Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 168

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Book Description

Author: United States House of Representatives
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781410224439
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 164

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Book Description
Nearly 80 years ago, Aldous Huxley wrote his literary masterpiece Brave New World. In that book he posited a future where genetic engineering is commonplace and human beings, aided by cloning, are mass produced. Controllers and predestinators replaced mothers and fathers. The words themselves considered smut. As the new authors of human life in an uncompromising search for human happiness and stability, the possibility of human individuality had been entirely jettisoned. For most of its 80 years, Brave New World could be seen as a disturbing work of science fiction. That is no longer the case. The possible cloning of human beings is now relegated to the world -- not relegated to the world of fiction. The question we must now ask is this: what should we do with this science? Several scientists claim that they are poised to take the fateful next step and actually produce a human clone. We in this subcommittee will focus not only on the scientific, but on the moral and ethical questions raised by the astonishing possibility that an exact copy of a human being might be cloned in the near future. Although federally funded human cloning research is prohibited, such privately funded research is not. In fact, no definitive Federal statute governs privately funded human cloning experiments. Experimentation in science has outpaced the law on the underlying issues raised by human cloning. The FDA has asserted that it has jurisdiction over human cloning, based on the Public Health Service Act and the Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act. Is this a sufficient safeguard? Although there is no Federal ban on human cloning, a number of states, 26 other countries and the United Nations have seen the need to enact some form of ban on human cloning. But to craft a meaningful and reasonable statute that is both sound in its science and consistent with human dignity, the Congress needs to ask the hard questions posed by human cloning research. This committee has a responsibility to ask these difficult questions because we are dealing with the most profound of human responsibilities, the future of our species. The witnesses we have assembled represent a broad cross section of opinions and expertise on these complex issues. We will hear from experts in animal cloning research and bioethics, the FDA and the National Bioethics Advisory Commission, among others. We will also hear from controversial witnesses. We hope to learn from their testimony whether the projects they envision are credible scientifically. Other esteemed bodies can hold meetings and write reports and issue voluntary guidelines, but only the Congress can write the laws for our nation.

Author: United States House of Representatives
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 158

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Book Description
Issues raised by human cloning research: hearing before the Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations of the Committee on Energy and Commerce, House of Representatives, One Hundred Seventh Congress, first session, March 28, 2001.

Author: Barbara MacKinnon
Publisher: University of Illinois Press
ISBN: 9780252070587
Category : Human cloning
Languages : en
Pages : 184

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Book Description
From this collection, readers will gain a clearer picture of the history of cloning in agriculture and animal science, the various biological procedures that are encompassed by the term "cloning," the philosophical arguments in support of and opposed to cloning humans, and the considerations that should inform discussions about public policy matters related to cloning research and to human cloning itself.

Author: James C. Greenwood
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780756723194
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 153

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Book Description
Witnesses: Brigitte Boisselier, Clonaid; Nigel de S. Cameron, Strategic Futures Grp.; Arthur Caplan, Ctr. of Bioethics, Univ. of PA.; Mark Eibert, Esq.; Jayde Hanson, United Methodist Church; Rudolph Haenisch, Prof. of Biology, MIT; Thomas Murray, Nat. Bioethics Advis. Comm.; Thomas Okarma, Geron Corp.; Gregory Pence, Prof. of Philosophy, Univ. of AL at Birmingham; Leader Rael, Raelian Movement; Michael Soules, Amer. Soc. of Reprod. Med.; Sharon Tery, Genetics Alliance; Mark Westhusin, Texas A&M Univ., Coll. of Vet. Med.; Randolfe Wicker, Human Cloning Fdn.; Panos Zavos, Andrology Inst. of Amer.; and Kathryn Zoon, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, FDA.

Author: Michael C. Brannigan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 264

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Book Description
Publisher Fact Sheet An compelling overview, by experts such as Stephen Jay Gould & Andrea Dworkin, of the scientific, religious, philosophical, & legal arguments for & against human cloning. National marketing campaign including advertising in New York Review of Books, Lingua Franca.

Author: Leon Kass
Publisher: American Enterprise Institute
ISBN: 9780844740508
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 138

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Book Description
Today biological science is rising on a wall of worry. No other science has advanced more dramatically during the past several decades or yielded so many palpable improvements in human welfare. Yet, none except nuclear physics has aroused greater apprehensions among the general public and leaders in such diverse fields as religion, the humanities, and government. In this engaging book, Leon R. Kass, the noted teacher, scientist, humanist, and chairman of the President's Council on Bioethics, and James Q. Wilson, the preeminent political scientist to whom four United States presidents have turned for advice on crime, drug abuse, education, and other crises in American life, explore the ethics of human cloning, reproductive technology, and the teleology of human sexuality. Although in their lively dialgoue both authors share a fundamental distrust of the notion of human cloning, they base their resistance on different views of the role of sexual reproduction and the role of the family. Professor Kass contends that in vitro fertilization and other assisted reproudction technologies that place the origin of human life in human hands have eroded the respect for the mystery of sexuality and human renewal. Professor Wilson, in contrast, asserts that whether a human life is created naturally or artificially is immaterial as long as the child is raised by loving parents in a two-parent family and is not harmed by the means of its conception. This accessible volume promises to inform the public policy debate over the permissible conduct of genetic research and the permissible uses of its discoveries.

Author: The President's Council on Bioethics
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN: 9781508822318
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Book Description
The prospect of human cloning burst into the public consciousness in 1997, following the announcement of the successful cloning of Dolly the sheep. It has since captured much attention and generated great debate, both in the United States and around the world. Many are repelled by the idea of producing children who would be genetically virtually identical to preexisting individuals, and believe such a practice unethical. But some see in such cloning the possibility to do good for infertile couples and the broader society. Some want to outlaw it, and many nations have done so. Others believe the benefits outweigh the risks and the moral concerns, or they oppose legislative interference with science and technology in the name of freedom and progress. Complicating the national dialogue about human cloning is the isolation in 1998 of human embryonic stem cells, which many scientists believe to hold great promise for understanding and treating many chronic diseases and conditions. Some scientists also believe that stem cells derived from cloned human embryos, produced explicitly for such research, might prove to be uniquely useful for studying many genetic diseases and devising novel therapies. Public reaction to this prospect has been mixed, with some Americans supporting it in the hope of advancing biomedical research and helping the sick and the suffering, while others are concerned about the instrumentalization or abuse of nascent human life and the resulting danger of moral insensitivity and degradation.

Author: Arlene Judith Klotzko
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0190284544
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 376

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Book Description
Animal cloning has developed quickly since the birth of Dolly the sheep. Yet many of the first questions to be raised still need to be answered. What do Dolly and her fellow mouse, cow, pig, goat and monkey clones mean for science? And for society? Why do so many people respond so fearfully to cloning? What are the ethical issues raised by cloning animals, and in the future, humans? How are the makers of public policy coping with the stunning fact that an entire animal can be reconstructed from a single adult cell? And that humans might well be next? The Cloning Source Book addresses all of these questions in a way that is unique in the cloning literature, by grounding what is effectively an interdisciplinary conversation in solid science. In the first section of the book, the key scientists responsible for the early and crucial developments in cloning speak to us directly, and other scientists evaluate and comment on these developments. The second section explores the context of cloning and includes sociological, mythological, and historical perspectives on science, ethics, and policy. The authors also examine the media's treatment of the Dolly story and its aftermath, both in the United States and in Britain. The third section, on ethics, contains a broad range of papers written by some of the major commentators in the field. The fourth section addresses legal and policy issues. It features individual and collective contributions by those who have actually shaped public policy on reproductive cloning, therapeutic cloning, and similarly contentious bioethical issues in the United States, Britain, and the European Union. Animal cloning continues for agricultural and medicinal purposes, the latter in combination with transgenics. Human cloning for therapeutic purposes has recently been made legal in Britain. The goal is to produce an early embryo and then derive stem cells that are immunologically matched to the donor. Two human reproductive cloning projects have been announced, and there are almost certainly others about which we know nothing. Sooner or later a cloned human will be born. Many lessons can be learned from the cloning experience. Most importantly, there needs to be a public conversation about the permissible uses of new and morally murky technologies. Scientists, journalists, ethicists and policy makers all have roles to play, but cutting-edge science is everybody's business. The Cloning Sourcebook provides the tools required for us to participate in shaping our own futures.