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Author: Cara Nine Publisher: Oxford University Press ISBN: 0192570250 Category : Philosophy Languages : en Pages : 324
Book Description
In Sharing Territories, Cara Nine defends a river model of territorial rights. On a river model, groups are assumed to be interdependent and overlapping. If we imagine human settlements and territorial rights as established in river catchment areas-not on lands with walls and borders-the primary features of group life are not independence and distinctness. Drawing on natural law philosophy, Nine's theory argues for the establishment of foundational territories around geographical areas like rivers. Usually lower-scale political entities, foundational territories overlap with and serve as the grounding blocks of larger territorial units. Examples of foundational territories include not only river catchment areas but also urban areas, drawn around individuals who hold obligations to collectively manage their surroundings. Foundational territorial authorities manage spatially integrated areas where agents are interconnected by dense and scaffolded physical circumstances. In these areas, individuals cannot fulfil their natural obligations to each other without the help of collective rules. As foundational territories overlap the territories of other political units, Nine frames a theory of nested and shared territorial rights, and argues for insightful changes to the allocation of resource rights between political groups and individuals.
Author: Cara Nine Publisher: Oxford University Press ISBN: 0192570250 Category : Philosophy Languages : en Pages : 324
Book Description
In Sharing Territories, Cara Nine defends a river model of territorial rights. On a river model, groups are assumed to be interdependent and overlapping. If we imagine human settlements and territorial rights as established in river catchment areas-not on lands with walls and borders-the primary features of group life are not independence and distinctness. Drawing on natural law philosophy, Nine's theory argues for the establishment of foundational territories around geographical areas like rivers. Usually lower-scale political entities, foundational territories overlap with and serve as the grounding blocks of larger territorial units. Examples of foundational territories include not only river catchment areas but also urban areas, drawn around individuals who hold obligations to collectively manage their surroundings. Foundational territorial authorities manage spatially integrated areas where agents are interconnected by dense and scaffolded physical circumstances. In these areas, individuals cannot fulfil their natural obligations to each other without the help of collective rules. As foundational territories overlap the territories of other political units, Nine frames a theory of nested and shared territorial rights, and argues for insightful changes to the allocation of resource rights between political groups and individuals.
Author: Alister E. McGrath Publisher: Oxford University Press ISBN: 0192542508 Category : Religion Languages : en Pages : 288
Book Description
Our understanding of human rationality has changed significantly since the beginning of the century, with growing emphasis being placed on multiple rationalities, each adapted to the specific tasks of communities of practice. We may think of the world as an ontological unity-but we use a plurality of methods to investigate and represent this world. This development has called into question both the appeal to a universal rationality, characteristic of the Enlightenment, and also the simple 'modern-postmodern' binary. The Territories of Human Reason is the first major study to explore the emergence of multiple situated rationalities. It focuses on the relation of the natural sciences and Christian theology, but its approach can easily be extended to other disciplines. It provides a robust intellectual framework for discussion of transdisciplinarity, which has become a major theme in many parts of the academic world. Alister E. McGrath offers a major reappraisal of what it means to be 'rational' which will have significant impact on older discussions of this theme. He sets out to explore the consequences of the seemingly inexorable move away from the notion of a single universal rationality towards a plurality of cultural and domain-specific methodologies and rationalities. What does this mean for the natural sciences? For the philosophy of science? For Christian theology? And for the interdisciplinary field of science and religion? How can a single individual hold together scientific and religious ideas, when these arise from quite different rational approaches? This groundbreaking volume sets out to engage these questions and will provoke intense discussion and debate.
Author: Matthew Taylor Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3642118143 Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 154
Book Description
ThisbookpresentsselectedandrevisedpapersoftheSecondWorkshoponAd- tive and Learning Agents 2009 (ALA-09), held at the AAMAS 2009 conference in Budapest, Hungary, May 12. The goalof ALA is to provide an interdisciplinaryforum for scientists from a variety of ?elds such as computer science, biology, game theory and economics. This year’s edition of ALA was the second after the merger of the former wo- shops ALAMAS and ALAg. In 2008 this joint workshop was organized for the ?rst time under the ?ag of both events. ALAMAS was a yearly returning Eu- pean workshop on adaptive and learning agents and multi-agent systems (held eight times). ALAg was the international workshop on adaptive and learning agents, which was usually held at AAMAS. To increase the strength, visibility and quality of the workshop it was decided to merge both workshops under the ?ag of ALA and to set up a Steering Committee as an organizational backbone. This book contains six papers presented during the workshop, which were carefully selected after an additional review round in the summer of 2009. We therefore wish to explicitly thank the members of the Program Committee for the quality and sincerity of their e?orts and service. Furthermore we would like to thank all the members of the senior Steering Committee for making this workshop possible and supporting it with sound advice. We also thank the AAMAS conference for providing us a platform for holding this event. Finally we also wish to thank all authors who responded to our call-for-papers with interesting contributions.
Author: Arturo Escobar Publisher: Duke University Press ISBN: 0822389436 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 456
Book Description
In Territories of Difference, Arturo Escobar, author of the widely debated book Encountering Development, analyzes the politics of difference enacted by specific place-based ethnic and environmental movements in the context of neoliberal globalization. His analysis is based on his many years of engagement with a group of Afro-Colombian activists of Colombia’s Pacific rainforest region, the Proceso de Comunidades Negras (PCN). Escobar offers a detailed ethnographic account of PCN’s visions, strategies, and practices, and he chronicles and analyzes the movement’s struggles for autonomy, territory, justice, and cultural recognition. Yet he also does much more. Consistently emphasizing the value of local activist knowledge for both understanding and social action and drawing on multiple strands of critical scholarship, Escobar proposes new ways for scholars and activists to examine and apprehend the momentous, complex processes engulfing regions such as the Colombian Pacific today. Escobar illuminates many interrelated dynamics, including the Colombian government’s policies of development and pluralism that created conditions for the emergence of black and indigenous social movements and those movements’ efforts to steer the region in particular directions. He examines attempts by capitalists to appropriate the rainforest and extract resources, by developers to set the region on the path of modernist progress, and by biologists and others to defend this incredibly rich biodiversity “hot-spot” from the most predatory activities of capitalists and developers. He also looks at the attempts of academics, activists, and intellectuals to understand all of these complicated processes. Territories of Difference is Escobar’s effort to think with Afro-Colombian intellectual-activists who aim to move beyond the limits of Eurocentric paradigms as they confront the ravages of neoliberal globalization and seek to defend their place-based cultures and territories.
Author: Oliveira, Lídia Publisher: IGI Global ISBN: 1522558683 Category : Education Languages : en Pages : 274
Book Description
Impact communities are the places where individuals gather to contribute to the transformation of their territories by disseminating knowledge. As such, it is vital to research the use of open and social learning in contributing to the evolution of impact communities and smart territories. Open and Social Learning in Impact Communities and Smart Territories is an essential reference source that discusses the learning processes in impact communities and in smart territories through case studies and other research methods. Featuring research on topics such as learning processes, smart communities, and social entrepreneurship, this book is ideally designed for entrepreneurs, managers, academicians, and researchers seeking coverage on the concept of impact communities and smart territories.
Author: Laura Zanotti Publisher: University of Arizona Press ISBN: 0816533547 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 296
Book Description
Radical Territories in the Brazilian Amazon sheds light on the creative and groundbreaking efforts Kayapó peoples deploy to protect their lands and livelihoods in Brazil. Laura Zanotti shows how Kayapó communities are using diverse pathways to make a sustainable future for their peoples and lands. The author advances anthropological approaches to understanding how indigenous groups cultivate self-determination strategies in conflict-ridden landscapes.
Author: Paulina Ochoa Espejo Publisher: Oxford University Press ISBN: 0190074221 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 336
Book Description
When are borders justified? Who has a right to control them? Where should they be drawn? Today people think of borders as an island's shores. Just as beaches delimit a castaway's realm, so borders define the edges of a territory, occupied by a unified people, to whom the land legitimately belongs. Hence a territory is legitimate only if it belongs to a people unified by a civic identity. Sadly, this Desert Island Model of territorial politics forces us to choose. If we want territories, then we can either have democratic legitimacy, or inclusion of different civic identities--but not both. The resulting politics creates mass xenophobia, migrant-bashing, hoarding of natural resources, and border walls. To escape all this, On Borders presents an alternative model. Drawing on an intellectual tradition concerned with how land and climate shape institutions, it argues that we should not see territories as pieces of property owned by identity groups. Instead, we should see them as watersheds: as interconnected systems where institutions, people, the biota, and the land together create overlapping civic duties and relations, what the book calls place-specific duties. This Watershed Model argues that borders are justified when they allow us to fulfill those duties; that border-control rights spring from internationally-agreed conventions--not from internal legitimacy; that borders should be governed cooperatively by the neighboring states and the states system; and that border redrawing should be done with environmental conservation in mind. The book explores how this model undoes the exclusionary politics of desert islands.
Author: Publisher: World Bank Publications ISBN: 9780821326893 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 178
Book Description
As Kyrgyzstan moves toward a market economy, it faces population growth, rising unemployment, and increased poverty. The guidelines in this study show how transitional economies can deliver social services to the people who will need them most. Recommendations to improve the labor market include ways to retrain workers, provide unemployment benefits, create a government employment service, and deal with mass layoffs. The report suggests calculating a specific poverty line so that subsidies may be directed more carefully to those in need and social spending may be reduced. This poverty line would be used with other government measures to reform pensions, family allowances, maternity benefits, sick pay, and subsidies for food and heating fuel. Additional reforms suggest ways to strengthen social services and improve policies for education, health care, and family planning. They survey different ways to monitor poverty, allocate budgets, and exploit the services of nongovernmental organizations.
Author: Europa Publications Publisher: Taylor & Francis ISBN: 9781857431919 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 340
Book Description
Presents a distinctive collection of political, geographical and economic information on the 89 constituent units of the Russian Federation.
Author: Cara Nine
Author: Cara Nine
Author: Mazin B. Qumsiyeh
Author: Alister E. McGrath
Author: Matthew Taylor
Author: Arturo Escobar
Author: Oliveira, Lídia
Author: Laura Zanotti
Author: Paulina Ochoa Espejo
Author: 
Author: Europa Publications