The Potential Impact of AIDS on Population and Economic Growth Rates PDF Download

Author: Lynn R. Brown
Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN: 0896296229
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 44

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Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309090180
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 369

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The AIDS epidemic in Sub-Saharan Africa continues to affect all facets of life throughout the subcontinent. Deaths related to AIDS have driven down the life expectancy rate of residents in Zambia, Kenya, and Uganda with far-reaching implications. This book details the current state of the AIDS epidemic in Africa and what is known about the behaviors that contribute to the transmission of the HIV infection. It lays out what research is needed and what is necessary to design more effective prevention programs.

Author: International Monetary Fund
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 370

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This publication is a comprehensive resource for public policymakers addressing the economic and fiscal consequences of the crisis. It is intended to bridge the gap between studies focused on the epidemic's impact on specific sectors, such as health and education, on the one hand, and broad national analyses on the other. Topics include welfare issues and the effect of the epidemic on economic growth and investment; education and the accumulation of human capital; poverty and inequality; and public services, government finance, social security, and the health sector.--Publisher's description.

Author: David E. Bloom
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : AIDS (Disease)
Languages : en
Pages : 48

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This study examines the claim that the AIDS epidemic will slow the pace of economic growth. We do this by examining the association, across fifty-one developing and industrial countries for which we were able to assemble data, between changes in the prevalence of AIDS and the rate of growth of GDP per capita. Our analysis uses well- established empirical growth models to control for a variety of factors possibly correlated with AIDS prevalence that might also influence growth. We also account for possible simultaneity in the relationship between AIDS and economic growth. Our main finding is that the AIDS epidemic has had an insignificant effect on the growth rate of per capita income, with no evidence of reverse causality. We also find evidence that the insignificant effect of AIDS on income per capita is qualitatively similar to an insignificant effect on wages of the Black Death in England and France during the Middle Ages and an insignificant effect on output per capita of influenza in India during 1918-19.

Author: Deborah Johnston
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1135035814
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 220

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This book explains how, and why, economics has been applied to a terrible pandemic, using a range of examples mostly drawn from the region most affected, sub-Saharan Africa. Part I shows that microeconomic approaches have found fertile ground in a public health approach that ‘blames’ individual choices for HIV transmission. Despite their attractiveness, however, these approaches fail to explain contemporary patterns of HIV prevalence, illustrating the importance of factors that are excluded from the standard micro-economic approach. Part II of the book looks at our problems in understanding the economic impact of AIDS, and explains why economists cannot agree if epidemic disease is a good or bad thing for economic development. In both sections of the book, the potential for alternative approaches is shown, and the book ends by arguing that a political economy approach can bring meaningful insights to our understanding of the spread and impact of HIV/AIDS.

Author: David A. Robalino
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN:
Category : AIDS (Disease)
Languages : en
Pages : 40

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Robalino, Jenkins, and El Maroufi develop a model of optimal growth to assess the risks of an HIV/AIDS epidemic and the expected economic impact in nine countries in the Middle East and North Africa region--Algeria, Djibouti, Egypt, Iran, Jordan, Lebanon, Morocco, Tunisia, and Yemen. The model incorporates an HIV/AIDS diffusion component based on two transmission factors--sexual intercourse and exchange of infected needles among intravenous drug users. Given high levels of uncertainty on the model parameters that determine the dynamics of the epidemic and its economic impact, the authors explore large regions of the parameter space. The prevalence rates in year 2015 would be below 1 percent in 16 percent of the cases, while they would be above 3 percent in 50 percent of the cases. On average, GDP losses across countries for 2000-2025 could approximate 35 percent of today's GDP. In all countries it is possible to observe scenarios where losses surpass today's GDP. The authors quantify the impact of expanding condom use and access to clean needles for intravenous drug users. They show that these interventions act as an insurance policy that increases social welfare. They also show that delaying action for five years can cost, on average, the equivalent of six percentage points of today's GDP. This paper--a product of the Human Development Group, Middle East and North Africa Region--is part of a larger effort in the region to raise awareness about the social and economic cost of HIV/AIDS. David Robalino may be contacted at [email protected].

Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309046289
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 337

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Europe's "Black Death" contributed to the rise of nation states, mercantile economies, and even the Reformation. Will the AIDS epidemic have similar dramatic effects on the social and political landscape of the twenty-first century? This readable volume looks at the impact of AIDS since its emergence and suggests its effects in the next decade, when a million or more Americans will likely die of the disease. The Social Impact of AIDS in the United States addresses some of the most sensitive and controversial issues in the public debate over AIDS. This landmark book explores how AIDS has affected fundamental policies and practices in our major institutions, examining: How America's major religious organizations have dealt with sometimes conflicting values: the imperative of care for the sick versus traditional views of homosexuality and drug use. Hotly debated public health measures, such as HIV antibody testing and screening, tracing of sexual contacts, and quarantine. The potential risk of HIV infection to and from health care workers. How AIDS activists have brought about major change in the way new drugs are brought to the marketplace. The impact of AIDS on community-based organizations, from volunteers caring for individuals to the highly political ACT-UP organization. Coping with HIV infection in prisons. Two case studies shed light on HIV and the family relationship. One reports on some efforts to gain legal recognition for nonmarital relationships, and the other examines foster care programs for newborns with the HIV virus. A case study of New York City details how selected institutions interact to give what may be a picture of AIDS in the future. This clear and comprehensive presentation will be of interest to anyone concerned about AIDS and its impact on the country: health professionals, sociologists, psychologists, advocates for at-risk populations, and interested individuals.

Author: David E. Bloom
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : AIDS (Disease)
Languages : en
Pages : 126

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Author: Gideon Mendel
Publisher:
ISBN: 9788495939111
Category : AIDS (Disease)
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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A photographic testimony of courage in the face of AIDS

Author: Florian Seidl
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
ISBN: 3638749657
Category : AIDS (Disease)
Languages : en
Pages : 29

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"The association of the slow economic growth and development of a country on the one side, and the poor health of its people on the other side, is quite obvious. Formerly, the common sense was that low income in developing countries causes their bad condition concerning healthiness, but recent economic research increasingly considers the causal link between this two phenomena running the other way round. That is, poor health has a negative effect on per capita income, as it leads to lower labour productivity, lower investments in human capital and, by affecting the people's saving behaviour, in physical capital, and furthermore has an influence on the country's demography. The purpose of this paper is to identify the impact of the HIV/AIDS crisis on the South African economy and how this impact affects South Africa's economic growth and therefore its prospects for development. Economic impact "can be defined as that which causes the diversion of resources too uses that would not have been necessary in the absence of HIV/AIDS, and decreased production due to the disease". As this economic impact occurs through various channels, on different levels, it seems reasonable to approach the problem on these different levels, namely households, firms and business, and the macro economy."--p. 3.