Author: Markku KotilainenPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 60
Book Description
Tiivistelmä.
Finland's Exchange Rate Regime and European Integration
Author: Markku KotilainenPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 60
Book Description
Tiivistelmä.
The Economics and Policies of Integration — a Finnish Perspective
Author: Kari AlhoPublisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9400903472
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 220
Book Description
European integration has come a long way since the fIrst steps in the aftermath of the Second World War. At that time, the neutral European countries chose to stay outside the European Economic Community. Those countries that wanted less ambitious cooperation formed the European Free Trade Association. Increasing trade dependence between the two groupings was institutionalised when they signed free-trade agreements with each other, creating thus a wider European free-trade area in manufactures. The strong push towards deepening integration among EC countries, manifested in the Single European Act in 1985, and the dismantling of non-tariff barriers to trade and factor flows in the EC by 1993, made it necessary for EFTA countries to secure access on equal conditions to their most important export market and thus prevent trade diversion. The ensuing agreement on the European Economic Area responded to these demands, but did not resolve the apparent asymmetry in EEA decision-making. This emanated from the supremacy ofEC legislation over EEA rules, thus making EFTA countries passively adjust to EC norms. Consequently, Finland applied for membership in the EC in March 1992, with effect from 1995. The latest phase in the integration process, the Treaty on European Union, has an aim to further deepening, e. g. the formation of the economic and monetary union by 1999.
The European Union and the Nordic Countries
Author: Lee MilesPublisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1134804067
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 332
Book Description
The national considerations of each country in the region in dealing with the evolving European Union are considered and the authors also provide an analysis of the ramifications of wider Nordic EU membership for a number of key policy areas economic and monetary union, social and environmental policy, agriculture and fisheries and foreign and security affairs.
The Impact of the European Community's internal Market on the EFTA
Author: International Monetary FundPublisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 9781557751744
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 76
Book Description
This paper provides an overview of the likely impact of the creation of the European Community (EC) internal market on the European Free Trade Association (EFTA) members. The focus is on the four freedoms and the institutional and legal changes required for increased economic cooperation between the EC and EFTA. Although not formally part of the negotiations, certain tax issues are also raised. The paper is in ten parts and includes a summary and glossary. The paper also discusses the institutional and legal changes that may prove necessary for greater EC-EFTA cooperation and the implications of the internal market for trade, production, and resource allocation in the EFTA countries. It examines issues related to trade in goods-mainly industrial goods-and transport services and considers issues of labor mobility and trade in financial services. Changes would also appear desirable in the areas of industrial and intellectual property rights-notably counterfeiting, trademarks, copyrights, and patents.
The Challenge Of Globalization And Institution Building
Author: Randall W. KindleyPublisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1000315169
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 225
Book Description
Describing and analyzing the links between monetary policy and economic governance in small countries in both Western and Eastern Europe, this interdisciplinary volume demonstrates how interest groups shape monetary policy decisions in increasingly globalized financial markets. The contributors' findings hold great relevance even for large contries like the United States, which are now struggling with the challenges of internationalization. A diverse group of political scientists and economists, the contributors contend that although the small states have limited options, they are nonetheless able to make choices that enable their export industries to flourish in an environment of increasing internationalization. The authors conclude that lack of control over the future shape of monetary union in Europe is not inimical to future prosperity.
The Road to Prosperity
Author: Jari OjalaPublisher: Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seura
ISBN: 9789517468183
Category : Finland
Languages : en
Pages : 343
Book Description
The Finnish economy is a victory over hardship, a success story with few equivalents. During the period 1860-2000 the gross domestic product grew 21-fold, while EU nations on average achieved 11-fold growth. Today, Finland is known for its competitiveness, high educational standards, negligible corruption, expertise in creating and using high technology, and successful companies, most notably Nokia. This book tells how Finland astonishingly evolved from an internationally insignificant agrarian economy to the affluent, knowledge-based, welfare society that it is now. The Road to Prosperity: An Economic History of Finland offers an overview of several centuries of economic progress -- with a keen eye on negative effects of growth. The articles in this beautifully illustrated work contain long-term analyses of business, foreign trade, agriculture, and employment. In addition, there is coverage of the development of banking, the public sector, income distribution, the advance of the information society, and welfare. And the Finnish story is woven seamlessly into the tapestry of international economics. The contributors are prominent scholars of Finnish economic history and economics; the foreword being a product of distinguished American economic historian Joel Mokyr, winner of the Heineken Prize for History 2006.
National Constitutions in European and Global Governance: Democracy, Rights, the Rule of Law
Author: Anneli AlbiPublisher: Springer
ISBN: 9462652732
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 1522
Book Description
This two-volume book, published open access, brings together leading scholars of constitutional law from twenty-nine European countries to revisit the role of national constitutions at a time when decision-making has increasingly shifted to the European and transnational level. It offers important insights into three areas. First, it explores how constitutions reflect the transfer of powers from domestic to European and global institutions. Secondly, it revisits substantive constitutional values, such as the protection of constitutional rights, the rule of law, democratic participation and constitutional review, along with constitutional court judgments that tackle the protection of these rights and values in the transnational context, e.g. with regard to the Data Retention Directive, the European Arrest Warrant, the ESM Treaty, and EU and IMF austerity measures. The responsiveness of the ECJ regarding the above rights and values, along with the standard of protection, is also assessed. Thirdly, challenges in the context of global governance in relation to judicial review, democratic control and accountability are examined. On a broader level, the contributors were also invited to reflect on what has increasingly been described as the erosion or ‘twilight’ of constitutionalism, or a shift to a thin version of the rule of law, democracy and judicial review in the context of Europeanisation and globalisation processes. The national reports are complemented by a separately published comparative study, which identifies a number of broader trends and challenges that are shared across several Member States and warrant wider discussion. The research for this publication and the comparative study were carried out within the framework of the ERC-funded project ‘The Role and Future of National Constitutions in European and Global Governance’. The book is aimed at scholars, researchers, judges and legal advisors working on the interface between national constitutional law and EU and transnational law. The extradition cases are also of interest to scholars and practitioners in the field of criminal law. Anneli Albi is Professor of European Law at the University of Kent, United Kingdom. Samo Bardutzky is Assistant Professor of Constitutional Law at the University of Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Exchange Rate Policy of Austria and Finland
Author: Eduard HochreiterEuropean Integration and Supranational Governance
Author: Wayne SandholtzPublisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0198294646
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 400
Book Description
This study of the EU aims to demonstrate that a nascent transnational society and supranational institutions have played decisive roles in constructing the EU.
The Euro Crisis in the Media
Author: Robert G. PicardPublisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN: 0857729055
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 269
Book Description
The Euro Crisis produced the most significant challenge to European integration in 60 years testing the structures and powers of the European Union and the Eurozone and threatening the common currency. This book explores how the financial and political crisis was portrayed in the European press and the implications of that coverage on public understanding of the developments, their causes, responsibilities for addressing the crisis, the roles and effectiveness of European institutions, and the implications for European integration and identity. It addresses factors that shaped news and analysis, the roles of European leaders, and the extent to which national and pan-European debates over the crisis occurred. In doing so, it provides a clear and readable explanation of what the portrayals tell us about Europe and European integration in the early twenty-first century."