Persistent Disparity PDF Download

Author: Howard Botwinick
Publisher: BRILL
ISBN: 9004269592
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 386

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Book Description
In contrast to orthodox theory, Howard Botwinick uses a classical Marxist analysis of real capitalist competition to show that substantial patterns of wage disparity among similar workers can persist despite high levels of competition in both capital and labor markets.

Author: Maria Pabon Lopez
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1135229686
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 224

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Book Description
The children of undocumented migrants in the U.S. are trapped at the intersection of two systems in crisis: the public education system and the immigration law system. Based on a long tradition of scholarship in Latino education and on newer critical race theory ideas, Persistent Inequality answers burning questions about how educational policy has to rise to meet the unique challenges of undocumented students’ lives as well as those which face nearly all Latinos in the U.S. educational system. How solid is the Supreme Court precedent, Plyler v. Doe, that allows undocumented children the opportunity to attend public school K-12 free of charge? What would happen if the Supreme Court overruled it? What is the DREAM Act and how would this proposed federal law affect the lives of undocumented students? How have immigration raids affected public school children and school administrators? To shed some light on these vital questions, the authors provide a critical analysis of the various legal and policy aspects of the U.S. educational system, asserting that both the legal and educational systems in this country need to address the living and working conditions of undocumented Latino students and remove the obstacles to educational achievement which these students struggle with daily.

Author: William A. Darity (Jr.)
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN:
Category : African Americans
Languages : en
Pages : 212

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Book Description
The authors assess the extent of black economic progress in the U.S. since World War II and forecast the development of the black-white income gap into the 21st century. Competing explanatory theories for the gap are examined and ameliorative policies are explored. They conclude that current policies will be insufficient to close the gap in the future. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR

Author: Yossi Shavit
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780813311210
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 396

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Book Description
This book encompasses a systematic, comparative study of change in educational stratification in thirteen industrialized countries, exploring which societal conditions help reduce existing inequalities in educational opportunity. The contributors show that in most industrialized countries inequalities in educational opportunity among students from different social strata have been remarkably stable since the early twentieth century. Only in Sweden and the Netherlands has there been a reduction in educational inequalities. The improvements are attributed to aggressive social welfare policies that have equalized living conditions and overall life opportunities in the two countries. Interestingly, the social policies of former socialist states did not produce similar advances - a finding consistent with assertions that under socialism the bureaucratic elites were as effective in protecting the interests of their own children as were elites in many capitalist societies. In contrast to the persistence of socio-economic inequalities in educational opportunity, the gender gap in education has narrowed in all thirteen countries. In fact, in some countries women now attain higher mean levels of education than men. The book concludes with an integrative methodological chapter that introduces new methods of dealing with observed and unobserved sources of heterogeneity in models of educational attainment. The highly structured analyses of educational systems in the thirteen countries allow illuminating comparisons without sacrificing the specialized knowledge required to understand the particularities of each system.

Author: Department of Economic and Social Affairs
Publisher: United Nations
ISBN: 9210043677
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 216

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Book Description
This report examines the links between inequality and other major global trends (or megatrends), with a focus on technological change, climate change, urbanization and international migration. The analysis pays particular attention to poverty and labour market trends, as they mediate the distributional impacts of the major trends selected. It also provides policy recommendations to manage these megatrends in an equitable manner and considers the policy implications, so as to reduce inequalities and support their implementation.

Author: Karyn Loscocco
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0745696449
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 232

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Book Description
This book provides a reasoned, unflinching description of how race and paid work are linked in U.S. society. It offers readers the rich conceptual and empirical foundation needed to understand key issues surrounding both race and work. Loscocco trace current patterns to their historical roots, showing that the work lives of women and men from different race and ethnic groups have always been interrelated. The chapters document the U.S.’s multicultural labor history, discuss how labor markets and jobs became segregated, and analyze key racial-ethnic patterns in work opportunities. The book also addresses common misconceptions about why women and men from some racial-ethnic groups end up with better jobs than others. It closes with a look at contemporary developments and suggests steps toward a future in which race-ethnicity will no longer affect work opportunities and experiences. Race and Work deepens understanding and elevates the discussion of race, racism, and work in an engaging, accessible style. It will be an essential resource for anyone interested in work, race-ethnicity, social inequality, or intersections among race, gender, and class.

Author: Kristen Schilt
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
ISBN: 0226738086
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 232

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Book Description
The fact that men and women continue to receive unequal treatment at work is a point of contention among politicians, the media, and scholars. Common explanations for this disparity range from biological differences between the sexes to the conscious and unconscious biases that guide hiring and promotion decisions. Just One of the Guys? sheds new light on this phenomenon by analyzing the unique experiences of transgender men—people designated female at birth whose gender identity is male—on the job. Kristen Schilt draws on in-depth interviews and observational data to show that while individual transmen have varied experiences, overall their stories are a testament to systemic gender inequality. The reactions of coworkers and employers to transmen, Schilt demonstrates, reveal the ways assumptions about innate differences between men and women serve as justification for discrimination. She finds that some transmen gain acceptance—and even privileges—by becoming “just one of the guys,” that some are coerced into working as women or marginalized for being openly transgender, and that other forms of appearance-based discrimination also influence their opportunities. Showcasing the voices of a frequently overlooked group, Just One of the Guys? lays bare the social processes that foster forms of inequality that affect us all.

Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309452961
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 583

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Book Description
In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.

Author: William A. Darity
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 216

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Book Description
The authors assess the extent of black economic progress in the U.S. since World War II and forecast the development of the black-white income gap into the 21st century. Competing explanatory theories for the gap are examined and ameliorative policies are explored. They conclude that current policies will be insufficient to close the gap in the future. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR

Author: John Dalphin
Publisher: Schenkman Books
ISBN:
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 162

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Book Description
'The Persistence of Social Inequality In America' initially demonstrates how the upper class owns and rules America. Provocotive reading for the general population, this book will be especially attractive to a college audience.