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Author: Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians Publisher: University of Washington Press ISBN: 0295802340 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 531
Book Description
Personal Justice Denied tells the extraordinary story of the incarceration of mainland Japanese Americans and Alaskan Aleuts during World War II. Although this wartime episode is now almost universally recognized as a catastrophe, for decades various government officials and agencies defended their actions by asserting a military necessity. The Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment was established by act of Congress in 1980 to investigate the detention program. Over twenty days, it held hearings in cities across the country, particularly on the West Coast, with testimony from more than 750 witnesses: evacuees, former government officials, public figures, interested citizens, and historians and other professionals. It took steps to locate and to review the records of government action and to analyze contemporary writings and personal and historical accounts. The Commission’s report is a masterful summary of events surrounding the wartime relocation and detention activities, and a strong indictment of the policies that led to them. The report and its recommendations were instrumental in effecting a presidential apology and monetary restitution to surviving Japanese Americans and members of the Aleut community.
Author: Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians Publisher: University of Washington Press ISBN: 0295802340 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 531
Book Description
Personal Justice Denied tells the extraordinary story of the incarceration of mainland Japanese Americans and Alaskan Aleuts during World War II. Although this wartime episode is now almost universally recognized as a catastrophe, for decades various government officials and agencies defended their actions by asserting a military necessity. The Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment was established by act of Congress in 1980 to investigate the detention program. Over twenty days, it held hearings in cities across the country, particularly on the West Coast, with testimony from more than 750 witnesses: evacuees, former government officials, public figures, interested citizens, and historians and other professionals. It took steps to locate and to review the records of government action and to analyze contemporary writings and personal and historical accounts. The Commission’s report is a masterful summary of events surrounding the wartime relocation and detention activities, and a strong indictment of the policies that led to them. The report and its recommendations were instrumental in effecting a presidential apology and monetary restitution to surviving Japanese Americans and members of the Aleut community.
Author: United States. Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians Publisher: ISBN: Category : Government publications Languages : en Pages : 498
Author: United States. Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians Publisher: ISBN: Category : Japanese Americans Languages : en Pages : 0
Author: United States. Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians Publisher: ISBN: 9780295803135 Category : Japanese Americans Languages : en Pages : 493
Book Description
The report and its recommendations were instrumental in effecting a presidential apology and monetary restitution to surviving Japanese Americans and members of the Aleut community.
Author: U. S. Military Publisher: ISBN: 9781520756189 Category : Languages : en Pages : 366
Book Description
This is the complete official version of the Report of the Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians, Personal Justice Denied, issued in December 1982, along with the Commission's recommendations, issued in June 1983. The Commission studied the causes and consequences of the relocation and internment of over 120,000 Japanese Americans after the attack on Pearl Harbor in World War II. The Commission recommended the establishment of a fund to compensate the relocated individuals; President Reagan would later sign such a bill into law. The Commission found: This policy of exclusion, removal and detention was executed against 120,000 people without individual review, and exclusion was continued virtually without regard for their demonstrated loyalty to the United States. Congress was fully aware of and supported the policy of removal and detention; it sanctioned the exclusion by enacting a statute which made criminal the violation of orders issued pursuant to Executive Order 9066. The United States Supreme Court held the exclusion constitutionally permissible in the context of war, but struck down the incarceration of admittedly loyal American citizens on the ground that it was not based on statutory authority. All this was done despite the fact that not a single documented act of espionage, sabotage or fifth column activity was committed by an American citizen of Japanese ancestry or by a resident Japanese alien on the West Coast. No mass exclusion or detention, in any part of the country, was ordered against American citizens of German or Italian descent. Official actions against enemy aliens of other nationalities were much more individualized and selective than those imposed on the ethnic Japanese. The history of the relocation camps and the assembly centers that preceded them is one of suffering and deprivation visited on people against whom no charges were, or could have been, brought. The Commission hearing record is full of poignant, searing testimony that recounts the economic and personal losses and injury caused by the exclusion and the deprivations of detention. No summary can do this testimony justice.
Author: Stephanie D. Hinnershitz Publisher: University of Pennsylvania Press ISBN: 0812299957 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 321
Book Description
Between 1942 and 1945, the U.S. government wrongfully imprisoned thousands of Japanese American citizens and profited from their labor. Japanese American Incarceration recasts the forced removal and incarceration of approximately 120,000 Japanese Americans during World War II as a history of prison labor and exploitation. Following Franklin Roosevelt's 1942 Executive Order 9066, which called for the exclusion of potentially dangerous groups from military zones along the West Coast, the federal government placed Japanese Americans in makeshift prisons throughout the country. In addition to working on day-to-day operations of the camps, Japanese Americans were coerced into harvesting crops, digging irrigation ditches, paving roads, and building barracks for little to no compensation and often at the behest of privately run businesses—all in the name of national security. How did the U.S. government use incarceration to address labor demands during World War II, and how did imprisoned Japanese Americans respond to the stripping of not only their civil rights, but their labor rights as well? Using a variety of archives and collected oral histories, Japanese American Incarceration uncovers the startling answers to these questions. Stephanie Hinnershitz's timely study connects the government's exploitation of imprisoned Japanese Americans to the history of prison labor in the United States.
Author: Peter Irons Publisher: Univ of California Press ISBN: 9780520083127 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 436
Book Description
Justice at War irrevocably alters the reader's perception of one of the most disturbing events in U.S. history—the internment during World War II of American citizens of Japanese descent. Peter Irons' exhaustive research has uncovered a government campaign of suppression, alteration, and destruction of crucial evidence that could have persuaded the Supreme Court to strike down the internment order. Irons documents the debates that took place before the internment order and the legal response during and after the internment.
Author: United States. Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians Publisher: ISBN: Category : Japanese Americans Languages : en Pages : 484
Author: Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians
Author: Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians
Author: United States. Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians
Author: United States. Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians
Author: United States. Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians
Author: United States. Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians
Author: United States. Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians
Author: U. S. Military
Author: Stephanie D. Hinnershitz
Author: Peter Irons
Author: United States. Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians