Temporal Variations of the Cardiovascular System PDF Download
Are you looking for read ebook online? Search for your book and save it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. Download Temporal Variations of the Cardiovascular System PDF full book. Access full book title Temporal Variations of the Cardiovascular System by Thomas F.H. Schmidt. Download full books in PDF and EPUB format.
Author: Thomas F.H. Schmidt Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3662027488 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 401
Book Description
Although it is widely recognized that there are significant variations in the circulation throughout the 24-hour day, these patterns have often been conceived as nuisance variables rather than functional differences. Responses of the circulation are examined here not as stable phenomena, but as integrated functions highly sensitive to environmental conditions, and driven by internal and external pacesetters. In this volume, cardiologists with a primary interest in hypertension or heart disease, chronobiologists, and psychologists join together for the first time to give the reader the opportunity to learn the extent and clinical significance of these changes from a chronobiological, behavioral and physiological perspective.
Author: Thomas F.H. Schmidt Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3662027488 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 401
Book Description
Although it is widely recognized that there are significant variations in the circulation throughout the 24-hour day, these patterns have often been conceived as nuisance variables rather than functional differences. Responses of the circulation are examined here not as stable phenomena, but as integrated functions highly sensitive to environmental conditions, and driven by internal and external pacesetters. In this volume, cardiologists with a primary interest in hypertension or heart disease, chronobiologists, and psychologists join together for the first time to give the reader the opportunity to learn the extent and clinical significance of these changes from a chronobiological, behavioral and physiological perspective.
Author: Roland N. Pittman Publisher: Biota Publishing ISBN: 1615047212 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 117
Book Description
This presentation describes various aspects of the regulation of tissue oxygenation, including the roles of the circulatory system, respiratory system, and blood, the carrier of oxygen within these components of the cardiorespiratory system. The respiratory system takes oxygen from the atmosphere and transports it by diffusion from the air in the alveoli to the blood flowing through the pulmonary capillaries. The cardiovascular system then moves the oxygenated blood from the heart to the microcirculation of the various organs by convection, where oxygen is released from hemoglobin in the red blood cells and moves to the parenchymal cells of each tissue by diffusion. Oxygen that has diffused into cells is then utilized in the mitochondria to produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the energy currency of all cells. The mitochondria are able to produce ATP until the oxygen tension or PO2 on the cell surface falls to a critical level of about 4–5 mm Hg. Thus, in order to meet the energetic needs of cells, it is important to maintain a continuous supply of oxygen to the mitochondria at or above the critical PO2 . In order to accomplish this desired outcome, the cardiorespiratory system, including the blood, must be capable of regulation to ensure survival of all tissues under a wide range of circumstances. The purpose of this presentation is to provide basic information about the operation and regulation of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, as well as the properties of the blood and parenchymal cells, so that a fundamental understanding of the regulation of tissue oxygenation is achieved.
Author: Henry Kenneth Walker Publisher: Butterworth-Heinemann ISBN: Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 1128
Book Description
A guide to the techniques and analysis of clinical data. Each of the seventeen sections begins with a drawing and biographical sketch of a seminal contributor to the discipline. After an introduction and historical survey of clinical methods, the next fifteen sections are organized by body system. Each contains clinical data items from the history, physical examination, and laboratory investigations that are generally included in a comprehensive patient evaluation. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Author: Karin Trimmel Publisher: Frontiers Media SA ISBN: 2889196526 Category : Electronic book Languages : en Pages : 168
Book Description
Over the last decades, assessment of heart rate variability (HRV) has increased in various fields of research. HRV describes changes in heartbeat intervals, which are caused by autonomic neural regulation, i.e. by the interplay of the sympathetic and the parasympathetic nervous systems. The most frequent application of HRV is connected to cardiological issues, most importantly to the monitoring of post-myocardial infarction patients and the prediction of sudden cardiac death. Analysis of HRV is also frequently applied in relation to diabetes, renal failure, neurological and psychiatric conditions, sleep disorders, psychological phenomena such as stress, as well as drug and addiction research including alcohol and smoking. The widespread application of HRV measurements is based on the fact that they are noninvasive, easy to perform, and in general reproducible – if carried out under standardized conditions. However, the amount of parameters to be analysed is still rising. Well-established time domain and frequency domain parameters are discussed controversially when it comes to their physiological interpretation and their psychometric properties like reliability and validity, and the sensitivity to cardiovascular properties of the variety of parameters seems to be a topic for further research. Recently introduced parameters like pNNxx and new dynamic methods such as approximate entropy and detrended fluctuation analysis offer new potentials and warrant standardization. However, HRV is significantly associated with average heart rate (HR) and one can conclude that HRV actually provides information on two quantities, i.e. on HR and its variability. It is hard to determine which of these two plays a principal role in the clinical value of HRV. The association between HRV and HR is not only a physiological phenomenon but also a mathematical one which is due to non-linear (mathematical) relationship between RR interval and HR. If one normalizes HRV to its average RR interval, one may get ‘pure’ variability free from the mathematical bias. Recently, a new modification method of the association between HRV and HR has been developed which enables us to completely remove the HRV dependence on HR (even the physiological one), or conversely enhance this dependence. Such an approach allows us to explore the HR contribution to the clinical significance of HRV, i.e. whether HR or its variability plays a main role in the HRV clinical value. This Research Topic covers recent advances in the application of HRV, methodological issues, basic underlying mechanisms as well as all aspects of the interaction between HRV and HR.
Author: Naranjan S. Dhalla Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1461504538 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 639
Book Description
Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Disease has been divided into four sections that focus on heart dysfunction and its associated characteristics (hypertrophy, cardiomyopathy and failure); vascular dysfunction and disease; ischemic heart disease; and novel therapeutic interventions. This volume is a compendium of different approaches to understanding cardiovascular disease and identifying the proteins, pathways and processes that impact it.
Author: Institute of Medicine Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309157617 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 483
Book Description
Cardiovascular disease (CVD), once thought to be confined primarily to industrialized nations, has emerged as a major health threat in developing countries. Cardiovascular disease now accounts for nearly 30 percent of deaths in low and middle income countries each year, and is accompanied by significant economic repercussions. Yet most governments, global health institutions, and development agencies have largely overlooked CVD as they have invested in health in developing countries. Recognizing the gap between the compelling evidence of the global CVD burden and the investment needed to prevent and control CVD, the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) turned to the IOM for advice on how to catalyze change. In this report, the IOM recommends that the NHLBI, development agencies, nongovernmental organizations, and governments work toward two essential goals: creating environments that promote heart healthy lifestyle choices and help reduce the risk of chronic diseases, and building public health infrastructure and health systems with the capacity to implement programs that will effectively detect and reduce risk and manage CVD. To meet these goals, the IOM recommends several steps, including improving cooperation and collaboration; implementing effective and feasible strategies; and informing efforts through research and health surveillance. Without better efforts to promote cardiovascular health, global health as a whole will be undermined.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Government publications Languages : en Pages : 728
Book Description
This report considers the biological and behavioral mechanisms that may underlie the pathogenicity of tobacco smoke. Many Surgeon General's reports have considered research findings on mechanisms in assessing the biological plausibility of associations observed in epidemiologic studies. Mechanisms of disease are important because they may provide plausibility, which is one of the guideline criteria for assessing evidence on causation. This report specifically reviews the evidence on the potential mechanisms by which smoking causes diseases and considers whether a mechanism is likely to be operative in the production of human disease by tobacco smoke. This evidence is relevant to understanding how smoking causes disease, to identifying those who may be particularly susceptible, and to assessing the potential risks of tobacco products.
Author: Robert Fitridge Publisher: University of Adelaide Press ISBN: 1922064009 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 589
Book Description
New updated edition first published with Cambridge University Press. This new edition includes 29 chapters on topics as diverse as pathophysiology of atherosclerosis, vascular haemodynamics, haemostasis, thrombophilia and post-amputation pain syndromes.
Author: Thomas F.H. Schmidt
Author: Thomas F.H. Schmidt
Author: Thomas F. H. Schmidt
Author: Roland N. Pittman
Author: Henry Kenneth Walker
Author: Karin Trimmel
Author: Naranjan S. Dhalla
Author: Institute of Medicine
Author: J. Gordon Betts
Author: 
Author: Robert Fitridge