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Author: James W. Ely, Jr. Publisher: University Press of Kansas ISBN: 0700623078 Category : Law Languages : en Pages : 384
Book Description
Few provisions of the American Constitution have had such a tumultuous history as the contract clause. Prompted by efforts in a number of states to interfere with debtor-creditor relationships after the Revolution, the clause—Article I, Section 10—reads that no state shall “pass any. . . Law impairing the Obligation of Contracts.” Honoring contractual commitments, in the framers' view, would serve the public interest to encourage commerce and economic growth. How the contract clause has fared, as chronicled in this book by James W. Ely, Jr., tells us a great deal about the shifting concerns and assumptions of Americans. Its history provides a window on matters central to American constitutional history, including the protection of economic rights, the growth of judicial review, and the role of federalism. Under the leadership of Chief Justice John Marshall, the Supreme Court construed the provision expansively, and it rapidly became the primary vehicle for federal judicial review of state legislation before the adoption of the Fourteenth Amendment. Indeed, the contract clause was one of the most litigated provisions of the Constitution throughout the nineteenth century, and its history reflects the impact of wars, economic distress, and political currents on reading the Constitution. Ely shows how, over time, the courts carved out several malleable exceptions to the constitutional protection of contracts—most notably the notion of an inalienable police power—thus weakening the contract clause and enhancing state regulatory authority. His study documents the near-fatal blow dealt to the provision by New Deal constitutionalism, when the perceived need for governmental intervention in the economy superseded the economic rights of individuals. Though the 1970s saw a modest revival of interest in the contract clause, the criteria for invoking it remain uncertain. And yet, as state and local governments try to trim the benefits of public sector employees, the provision has once again figured prominently in litigation. In this book, James Ely gives us a timely, analytical lens for understanding these contemporary challenges, as well as the critical historical significance of the contract clause.
Author: James W. Ely, Jr. Publisher: University Press of Kansas ISBN: 0700623078 Category : Law Languages : en Pages : 384
Book Description
Few provisions of the American Constitution have had such a tumultuous history as the contract clause. Prompted by efforts in a number of states to interfere with debtor-creditor relationships after the Revolution, the clause—Article I, Section 10—reads that no state shall “pass any. . . Law impairing the Obligation of Contracts.” Honoring contractual commitments, in the framers' view, would serve the public interest to encourage commerce and economic growth. How the contract clause has fared, as chronicled in this book by James W. Ely, Jr., tells us a great deal about the shifting concerns and assumptions of Americans. Its history provides a window on matters central to American constitutional history, including the protection of economic rights, the growth of judicial review, and the role of federalism. Under the leadership of Chief Justice John Marshall, the Supreme Court construed the provision expansively, and it rapidly became the primary vehicle for federal judicial review of state legislation before the adoption of the Fourteenth Amendment. Indeed, the contract clause was one of the most litigated provisions of the Constitution throughout the nineteenth century, and its history reflects the impact of wars, economic distress, and political currents on reading the Constitution. Ely shows how, over time, the courts carved out several malleable exceptions to the constitutional protection of contracts—most notably the notion of an inalienable police power—thus weakening the contract clause and enhancing state regulatory authority. His study documents the near-fatal blow dealt to the provision by New Deal constitutionalism, when the perceived need for governmental intervention in the economy superseded the economic rights of individuals. Though the 1970s saw a modest revival of interest in the contract clause, the criteria for invoking it remain uncertain. And yet, as state and local governments try to trim the benefits of public sector employees, the provision has once again figured prominently in litigation. In this book, James Ely gives us a timely, analytical lens for understanding these contemporary challenges, as well as the critical historical significance of the contract clause.
Author: Nancy S. Kim Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing ISBN: 1783479434 Category : Law Languages : en Pages : 224
Book Description
This accessible textbook helps students learn essential transactional skills by explaining the meaning and purpose of common contract clauses and exploring some potential pitfalls associated with their use. Nancy Kim utilizes select case summaries and contract clause examples to illustrate doctrinal concepts and how they may affect a transaction. The Fundamentals of Contract Law and Clauses will prove to be an invaluable resource in the classroom, as it will support law students in becoming preventive lawyers by teaching them how to preempt problems, reduce risks and add value to transactions.
Author: Warren B. Hunting Publisher: Forgotten Books ISBN: 9781333404369 Category : Law Languages : en Pages : 134
Book Description
Excerpt from The Obligation of Contracts Clause of the United States Constitution It was intended to add chapters dealing with the police power as affecting franchise and immunities, with the ques tion what is an impairment, and the question what is a law, but these, owing to lack of time to complete them. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Author: Stefan Grundmann Publisher: Kluwer Law International B.V. ISBN: 9041124322 Category : Law Languages : en Pages : 238
Book Description
General clauses or standards (Generalklauseln, clauses generales) are legal rules which are not precisely formulated, terms and concepts which in fact do not even have a clear core. They are often applied in varying degrees in various legal systems to a rather wide range of contract cases when certain issues arise issues such as abuse of rights, unfairness, good faith, fairness of duty or loyalty or honesty, duty of care, and other such contract terms not lending themselves readily to clear or permanent definition. Here for the first time is a systematic discussion of this kind of rule in the evolving and dynamic context of European contract law. A collection of twelve insightful essays by leading European law authorities, the book is based on a conference organized jointly by the Society of European Contract Law (SECOLA) and l'association Henri Capitant, held in the `grande salle' of the French Supreme Court in Paris in 2005. The subject is approached along three distinct but interconnected avenues: comparative contract law, in which the different models to be found among Member States particularly the Germanic, French, and English common law systems are explored with an eye to differences and common ground;EC contract law, in which the general clause approach has tended to focus on labour law and consumer law, and in which the European Court of Justice more and more assumes the final say; andthe European codification dimension, in which a potential instrument on the European level would compete with national laws and develop closely with them. The authors demonstrate that a focus on general clauses in contract law, embracing as it does a wide range of types of contracts, helps enormously with the necessary integration of legal scholarship and economic approaches, and of legal science and legal practice in the field. Numerous analytic references to relevant cases and EC Directives give a practical impetus to the far-reaching but immediately applicable theory presented in this important book. As European contract law continues to develop rapidly, this seminal contribution is sure to increase in value and usefulness.
Author: Nael G. Bunni Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 1118658655 Category : Law Languages : en Pages : 731
Book Description
In September 1999, FIDIC introduced its new Suite of Contracts, which included a “new” Red, Yellow, Silver and Green forms of contract. The “new” Red Book was intended to replace the 1992 fourth edition of the Red Book, with the ambition that its use would cease with time. This ambition has not materialised and is unlikely to do so in the future. Despite the importance of the 1999 Forms, there has been very little published on the new concepts adopted in them and how they interact with the previous forms. This important work considers these aspects together with the many developments affecting the fourth edition of the Red Book that have taken place since 1997, when the second edition of this book was published, and relates them to key contracting issues. It is written by a chartered engineer, conciliator and international arbitrator with wide experience in the use of the FIDIC Forms and in the various dispute resolution mechanisms specified in them. Important features of this book include: · background and concepts of the various forms of contract; · a detailed comparison of the wording of the1999 three main forms, which although similar in nature; it nevertheless significantly differs in certain areas where the three forms diverge due to their intended purpose; · analysis of the rights and obligations of the parties involved in the contract and the allocation of risks concerned; · a range of ‘decision tree’ charts, analysing the main features of the 1992 Red Book, including risks, indemnities and insurances, claims and counterclaims, variations, procedure for claims, programme and delay, suspension, payments and certificates, dispute resolution mechanisms, and dispute boards; · a much enlarged discussion of the meaning of “claim” and “dispute” and the types of claim with a discussion of the Notice provision in the 1999 forms of contract for the submittal of claims by a contractor and by an employer; · the FIDIC scheme of indemnities and insurance requirements; and the methods of dispute resolution provided by the various forms of contract; and · five new chapters in this third edition, the first four chapters deal with each of the 1999 forms and the fifth chapter is confined to the topic of Dispute Boards.
Author: Deborah Fosbrook Publisher: Bloomsbury Professional ISBN: 9781526512154 Category : Law Languages : en Pages : 1784
Book Description
A master toolkit of contract clauses drafted by experts in copyright and contract. Thousands of clauses ready for you to use and adapt. Save time and effort when creating a new licence, option, assignment or agreement for services for a contributor; drafting heads of agreements; amending a contract a third party has sent you; or updating and amending your existing in-house contracts. Organised clearly by subject area, each main clause heading is further broken down across types of use such as film and television, general business and commercial, internet, websites, merchandising, publishing, services, and educational. Clauses are drafted from different angles and some are more innovative. It also includes a legal, commercial and business directory, which can be used to further develop your knowledge of the subject and find new contacts. This new edition has been updated to take account of new technology, legislation and the impact of the internet and social media. New material includes: - A greater emphasis on IP, trademarks and ownership of material, both the acquisition of rights and the retention of rights. - 8 new short articles. - New and innovative clauses which will then be used and adapted across many industry agreements. - Expansion of the web directory. New clauses relating to: - Collaboration and funding agreements for a project. - Purchase and sale of a list of assets. - Website terms and conditions. - Consent, data, privacy and data protection. - Legal compliance and the limitation of risk exposure. - Advertising, marketing, consulting and sponsorship. - Subscription, on demand and other forms of payment and access.
Author: James W. Ely, Jr.
Author: James W. Ely, Jr.
Author: Benjamin Fletcher Wright
Author: Nancy S. Kim
Author: Warren Belknap Hunting
Author: Warren B. Hunting
Author: Ralph C. Nash
Author: William Winslow Crosskey
Author: Stefan Grundmann
Author: Nael G. Bunni
Author: Deborah Fosbrook